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1-Octacosanol

pharmaceutical raw materials
1-Octacosanol structure

1-Octacosanol 

structure
  • CAS No:

    557-61-9

  • Formula:

    C28H58O

  • Chemical Name:

    1-Octacosanol

  • Synonyms:

    1-Octacosanol;n-Octacosanol;Octacosyl alcohol;Octacosanol;Cluytyl alcohol;Montanyl alcohol;NSC 10770;NSC 57768

  • Categories:

    Specialty Chemicals

Description

1-Octacosanol is a straight-chain aliphatic 28-carbon fatty alcohol with well-known anti-fatigue function[1].


1-octacosanol is a white crystalline powder. (NTP, 1992)|Solid


1-octacosanol is a white crystalline powder. (NTP, 1992)|Octacosan-1-ol is an ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is octacosane in which a hydrogen attached to one of the terminal carbons is replaced by a hydroxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a fatty alcohol 28:0 and an ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol. It derives from a hydride of an octacosane.|1-octacosanol is a straight-chain aliphatic 28-carbon primary fatty alcohol that is used as a nutritional supplement. This high–molecular-weight organic compound is the main component of a natural product wax extracted from plants. 1-octacosanol is reported to possess cholesterol-lowering effects, antiaggregatory properties, cytoprotective use, and ergogenic properties. It has been studied as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

1-Octacosanol Basic Attributes

410.76000

410.76

209-181-2

81I2215OVK

57768|10770

DTXSID1025803

2905199090

Characteristics

20.23000

10.14120

1-octacosanol is a white crystalline powder. (NTP, 1992)

0.841 g/cm3

83.3 °C

200-250ºC

135.3ºC

1.458

H2O: <0.1 g/100 mL at 21.5 ºC

2-8ºC

Insoluble in water.

Alcohols and Polyols

1-OCTACOSANOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Safety Information

I; II; III

NONH for all modes of transport

-

R20/21/22

S22-S24/25

Xn

Stable. Light-sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501

H315

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 5 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

Drug Information

SYMPTOMS: This chemical may cause irritation. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound may be harmful by eye or skin contact, inhalation or ingestion. It is an irritant and, when heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

1-octacosanol

1-Octacosanol Use and Manufacturing

Uses

A 28-carbon primary fatty alcohol commonly found in the epicuticular waxes of plants. It has shown protective effects against parkonsonism and due to its excellent tolerability and non-toxicity, octacosanol may be a promising agent for PD treatment.

1-Octacosanol: ACTIVE

Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty alcohols [FA05]

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:410.8
XLogP3:13.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:1
Rotatable Bond Count:26
Exact Mass:410.448766469
Monoisotopic Mass:410.448766469
Topological Polar Surface Area:20.2
Heavy Atom Count:29
Complexity:263
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Drug Function and Efficacy

1. Pharmacological action: Policosanol is a mixture of eight higher fatty alcohols extracted from cane wax. Animal experiments have found that Policosanol can reduce the levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (1D1-C) in the serum of normal and endogenous high-cholesterol animals. Studies on various animal models have shown that Policosanol can reduce cholesterol in the liver, adipose tissue, and heart. Non-clinical models have shown that Policosanol exerts its effects by inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol. In addition, Policosanol increases the binding and internalization of 1D1 to receptors, promotes the catabolism of 1D1-C, and thus reduces the level of 1D1-C in plasma. Policosanol can also increase the level of high-density lipoprotein (HD1-C) and reduce the levels of triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (V1D1-C). 2. Toxicological studies: Preclinical studies have shown that oral administration of Policosanol has almost no acute toxicity. The 1D50 of rats, mice, and rabbits is higher than 5000 mg/kg. The tolerance study of multiple administration of Macaca arctoides monkeys showed that the highest dose (500 mg/kg) did not cause any changes in clinical, hematological and blood biochemical indicators. 3. Genotoxicity: The results of the Ames test, mouse micronucleus test and dominant lethality test of policosanol were all negative. 4. Reproductive toxicity: No teratogenic effect was found in rats and rabbits at a dose of 1000 mg/kg of policosanol. Two-generation fertility and reproductive toxicity studies did not show any effect of policosanol on fertility and fetal development. 5. Carcinogenicity: In the carcinogenicity test of rats (50-500 mg/kg) and mice, no increase in the incidence of tumors was found after continuous administration for 24 months and 18 months. Similarly, Macaca arctoides monkeys were orally administered (0.25, 2.5 and 25 mg/kg) for 54 weeks, and no biochemical and tissue physiological changes related to drug toxicity were found. Similar results were obtained when Beagle dogs were given 30 or 180 mg of policosanol daily.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

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