Ammonium picrate

246.13

246.02400

205-038-3

4N99515C3Z

1631

1310|0004

DTXSID50872815

Bright yellow scales or orthorhombic crystals; "red modification" is not a distinct polymorph, but a slightly contaminated form of the yellow salt.

2923900090

160.93000

3.01030

Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water appears as a slurry or sludge of yellow crystals in water. Will burn, although may be difficult to ignite. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

1.72 g/cm³

277-282 °C (decomp)

423 °C

133.9ºC

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 1.1

Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

More flammable; heat will decompose toxic nitrogen oxide gas

A high explosive when dry ...

Bitter

Powerful oxidizer; when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx.|... Has the same properties as picric acid.

No rapid reaction with air No rapid reaction with water|No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

Explosive

AMMONIUM PICRATE is a high explosive when dry [Hawley]. Mixing with water greatly reduces its sensitivity to shock, friction and heat. Traces of metallic picrates may significantly lower the temperature at which this mixture will explode (Military Explosives p. 96).|AMMONIUM PICRATE is a high explosive when dry [Hawley]. Mixing with water greatly reduces its sensitivity to shock, friction and heat. Traces of metallic picrates may significantly lower the temperature at which this mixture will explode (Military Explosives p. 96). Self-reactive.

II

1.1D

0004

R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .

S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes .

Handle lightly; storeroom ventilated, away from open flames, high temperature, sunlight; stored separately from reducing agents and flammables

High heat, vibration, impact, friction can be explosive; strong oxidant; trace metal presence increases the thermal sensitivity of the explosion

P210, P230, P240, P250, P261, P264, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P370+P380, P372, P373, P401, P501

H201

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P009, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.|May be poured onto soda ash, packaged in paper, and burned. May also be mixed with flammable solvent and sprayed into an incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber.

A powerful oxidizer that reacts violently with reducing agents ... Keep away from metals, sodium nitrite, perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, and any form of shock.|The presence of trace metals increases its heat sensitivity.|Reacts with concrete and plaster to produce salts of picric acid, more sensitive to shock than ammonium picrate.

National Research Council; Evaluation of the Health Risks of Ordinance Disposal Waste in Drinking Water 58 pp. (1983). The US Navy's Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED) has suggested target interim maximal ammonium picrate levels in drinking water. The committee identified research that would provide a better basis for suggesting health criteria.|MILLER KC; TOXICITY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM PICRATE. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY; REPORT, 12 PAGES (1973) ISS TIP-73-170-1192. THE TOXICITY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM PICRATE AND PICRIC ACID ARE REVIEWED IN AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH 18 REF.

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Contain highly toxic NOx fumes. Behavior in Fire: Flammable solid. UNCONFINED material burns without detonation when ignited. Confined material will explode upon heating to its ignition temperature. (USCG, 1999)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: MAY EXPLODE AND THROW FRAGMENTS 1600 METERS (1 MILE) OR MORE IF FIRE REACHES CARGO. For information on "Compatibility Group" letters, refer to Glossary section. (ERG, 2016)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. Risk of explosion on shock or on friction. Risk of explosion on contact with reducing agents.|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 4th degree

|Danger|H201: Explosive; mass explosion hazard [Danger Explosives]|P210, P230, P240, P250, P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P370+P380, P372, P373, P401, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Solids - Toxic (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)]: Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial evacuation for 500 meters (1/3 mile) in all directions. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. FIRE: If rail car or trailer is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, initiate evacuation including emergency responders for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Solids - Toxic (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. SMALL SPILL: Flush area with flooding quantities of water. LARGE SPILL: Wet down with water and dike for later disposal. KEEP "WETTED" PRODUCT WET BY SLOWLY ADDING FLOODING QUANTITIES OF WATER. (ERG, 2016)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. DO NOT OPERATE RADIO TRANSMITTERS WITHIN 100 METERS (330 FEET) OF ELECTRIC DETONATORS. DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2016)

Wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. (USCG, 1999)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)|Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots, and goggles.

Moderately flammable by spontaneous chemical reaction.|If dry it is easily ignited and burns vigorously ... The wet material will burn, though it may require some effort to ignite.

Dangerous explosive when shocked or heated.|Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat /it/ can explode. /Ammonium picrate, dry/|Explodes when heated to a temperature of about 300 °C.|A high explosive when dry ...

Use extreme care as ammonium picrate will explode when heated or shocked, especially when dry. This chemical is a flammable solid. Use flooding quantities of water, applied from a distance ... If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position ... The only respirators recommended for fire fighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full facepieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area and let burn.|Evacuation: If the material in on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Ammonium picrate, dry/|If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from, as far a distance as possible. /Ammonium picrate, wetted/|Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable - consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Ammonium picrate, wetted/

The primary hazard is from blast effect where the entire load can explode instantaneously and not from flying projectiles and fragments. /Ammonium picrate, dry/

Consult an expert! Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: particulate filter adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.|Spill handling: evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Flood area with water. Keep material wet. Do not dry sweep. Keep ammonium picrate out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the potential for an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Ammonium picrate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 113: FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (WET/DESENSITIZED EXPLOSIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. DRIED OUT material may explode if exposed to heat, flame, friction or shock; treat as an explosive (GUIDE 112). Keep material wet with water or treat as an explosive (Guide 112). Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. /Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water/|/GUIDE 113: FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (WET/DESENSITIZED EXPLOSIVE)/ Health: Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water/|/GUIDE 113: FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (WET/DESENSITIZED EXPLOSIVE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number. ... Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water/|/GUIDE 113: FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (WET/DESENSITIZED EXPLOSIVE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Ammonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Ammonium picrate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Moderately irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.

Consult an expert! Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is irritating to the skin and eyes. The substance may cause effects on the blood. This may result in destruction of blood cells and acidosis.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

NO open flames. Do NOT expose to friction or shock.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use ventilation (not if powder), local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles.

P009; An acute hazardous waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

P009; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when ammonium picrate, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ammonium picrate is found as bright yellow scales or orthorhombic crystals. The red form is not a distinct polymorph, but a slightly contaminated form of the yellow salt. It has a bitter taste. It is used in explosives, in fireworks and rocket propellants. It is used in pyrotechnics and explosive compositions. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Ammonium picrate can pass through the skin. This chemical is moderately irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. This chemical can irritate the eyes, and skin and is an allergen. Ingestion can cause a bitter taste, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, skin eruptions, stupor, and possible death. Breathing high levels can damage the kidneys, liver, and red blood cells. Urine may become reddish, scant, or even stop; there may be drowsiness, coma, and even death. Long Term Exposure: Repeated exposure can cause the skin and eyes to turn yellow, skin allergy, liver, kidney, and blood cell damage. The most common occupational health problem was dermatitis, which was thought to be due to sensitization and not primary irritation by the picrate. Upper respiratory disease was negligible and systemic toxicity was not recognized among the workers. The cutaneous lesions appeared usually on the exposed parts of the upper extremities. Persons least exposed seemed more liable to acquire dermatitis, which did not develop in those engaged in operations where there was the heaviest exposure. Ammonium picrate can produce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, staining of the skin, dermatitis, circular eruptions of the skin, coma, and seizures. ANIMAL STUDIES: Ammonium picrate was examined for mutagenic activity in a series of in vitro microbial assays employing Salmonella typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicator organisms. The compound was tested over a series of concentration such that there was either quantitative or qualitative evidence of some chemically induced physiological effects at the high dose. The results of the mutagenicity tests were all negative. Ammonium nitrate is harmful to aquatic organisms.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Harmful to aquatic organisms.

In a study of the effects of ammonium picrate, in 71 individuals engaged in work with explosives and exposed to air concentration varying from 0.008 to 0.195 mg/cu m.

Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant and Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499) (See all compounds classified as Indicators and Reagents.)|Chemical agents that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation in the metabolic cycle so that ATP synthesis does not occur. Included here are those IONOPHORES that disrupt electron transfer by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes. (See all compounds classified as Uncoupling Agents.)

It can be absorbed through the skin ...

An allergen. Irritating to eyes, skin and mucous membranes. Toxic via inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption. Repeated low grade exposures may cause headache, pruritis, skin eruptions, yellowing of skin and conjunctiva, vomiting, diarrhea, and oliguria. Severe human poisonings, resulting from ingestion of one or two grams of material, may be characterized by gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic nephritis with anuria, acute hepatitis, progressive stupor, coma, and death. (USCG, 1999)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. (ERG, 2016)

INHALATION: Move victim to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. EYES OR SKIN: Immediately flush affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes; hold eyelids open if appropriate. Wash skin with soap or mild detergent. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes at the site. INGESTION: Immediately give victim large quantities of water and have him induce vomiting by touching a finger to the back of the throat. If victim is unconscious or having convulsions, do nothing except keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. (USCG, 1999)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives* - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. (ERG, 2016)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic acids and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Ammonium picrate can pass through the skin. This chemical can irritate the eyes and skin and is an allergen. Ingestion can cause a bitter taste, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, skin eruptions, stupor, and possible death. Breathing high levels can damage the kidneys, liver, and red blood cells. Urine may become reddish, scant, or even stop; there may be drowsiness, coma, and even death. Long Term Exposure: Repeated exposure can cause the skin and eyes to turn yellow, skin allergy, liver, kidney, and blood cell damage.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The most common occupational health problem was dermatitis, which was thought to be due to sensitization and not primary irritation by the picrate. Upper resp disease was negligible and systemic toxicity was not recognized among the workers. The cutaneous lesions appeared usually on the exposed parts of the upper extremities. Persons least exposed seemed more liable to acquire dermatitis, which did not develop in those engaged in operations where there was the heaviest exposure.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Can produce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, staining of the skin, dermatitis, circular eruptions of the skin, coma, and seizures.

2,4,6-trinitrophenol

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

Burning sensation. Cough. See Ingestion.

Redness. Roughness.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

Phenol, 2,4,6-trinitro-, ammonium salt (1:1): ACTIVE

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 4th degree