Dinex

266.25

266.25

205-042-5

149RBS03P0

403662|7739

2779

DTXSID4024064

Crystalline solid

2908999022

111.87000

4.26

2-cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol appears as yellow crystals. (USCG, 1999)

1.2846 (rough estimate)

106.5-107.5 °C

409.45°C (rough estimate)

129.6±16.3 °C

1.6660 (estimate)

In water, 15 mg/l @ 25 deg C

pKa= 4.52

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

Explosive

Reacts with oxidizing materials and combustibles (USCG, 1999). Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement (USCG, 1999). Aromatic nitro compounds, such as 2-CYCLOHEXYL-4,6-DINITROPHENOL, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence of water or organic solvents. The explosive tendencies of aromatic nitro compounds are increased by the presence of multiple nitro groups. Phenols do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Instead, they react as weak organic acids. Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has pKa = 9.88). These materials are incompatible with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides. Flammable gas (H2) is often generated, and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas. Heat is also generated by the acid-base reaction between phenols and bases.

III

6.1(b)

2779

23/24/25-50/53

13-45-60-61

T,N

APPEAR TO BE STABLE IN ACID SOLN, BUT ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO DECOMPOSITION BY UV RADIATION IN ALKALINE SOLN. /DINITROPHENOLS/

P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501

H301

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P034, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Can react with oxidizers.

2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol; Dangerous Prop Ind Mater Rep 7 (1); 48-50 (1987)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement. (USCG, 1999)

|Danger|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 3 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P362, P405, and P501

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Self-contained breathing apparatus; butyl rubber gloves; goggles; lab coat; protective shoes. (USCG, 1999)

Fire hazard.

Spillages of pesticides at any stage of their storage or handling should be treated with great care. Liquid formulations may be reduced to solid phase by evaporation. Dry sweeping of solids is always hazardous: these should be removed by vacuum cleaning, or by dissolving them in water, or other solvent in the factory environment. /Pesticides/

Smoking, eating, and drinking before washing should be absolutely prohibited when any pesticide ... is being handled or used. /Pesticides/

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

A skin irritant.

P034; An acute hazardous waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

P034; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

LD50 Rat oral 65 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 50 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 25 mg/kg|LD50 Guinea pig oral 50 mg/kg

2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol's production and use as an intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,150(SRC) from a log Kow of 4.12(2) and a regression derived equation(3) indicates that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). However, the pKa of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is 4.52(4), which indicates that this compound will exist primarily as an anion in moist soil surfaces and anions are expected to have higher mobility in soils than the neutral species(SRC). Volatilization of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) since the anion will not volatilize and the neutral species has an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.5X10-8 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(5). 2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its estimated vapor pressure of 4.2X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC) determined from a fragment constant method(6).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,150(SRC) from a log Kow of 4.12(2) and a regression derived equation(3) indicates that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). However, the pKa of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is 4.52(4), which indicates that this compound will exist primarily as an anion in water and anions may not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) since the anion will not volatilize and the neutral species has an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.5X10-8 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF value of 800(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression derived equation(3), suggests that the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high.|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 4.2X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is expected to be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 38 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Particulate-phase 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Nitrophenols exhibit strong absorption of UV light at wavelengths greater than 290 nm(4), suggesting that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol has the potential to undergo direct photolysis in the environment(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 38 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). Nitrophenols exhibit strong absorption of UV light at wavelengths greater than 290 nm(3), suggesting that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol has the potential to undergo direct photolysis in the environment(SRC). The pKa of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol was reported as 4.52(4), which indicates that this compound will exist primarily as an anion in moist soil and water surfaces(SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 800 was calculated for 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol (SRC), using a log Kow of 4.12(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high.

The Koc of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is estimated as approximately 4,150(SRC), from its log Kow of 4.12(1) and a regression derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is expected to have slight mobility in soil. However, the pKa of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is 4.52(4), which indicates that this compound will exist primarily as an anion in moist soil surfaces and anions are expected to have very high mobility in soils than the neutral species(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is estimated as 5.5X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is not expected to volatilize from moist soil or water surfaces(2). 2,4-Dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its estimated vapor pressure of 4.2X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC) determined from a fragment constant method(3). The pKa of 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is 4.52(4), which indicates that this compound will exist primarily as an anion in moist soil and water surfaces and should not volatilize(SRC).

Occupational exposure to 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2,4-dinitro-6-cyclohexylphenol is produced or used. (SRC)

... The phenolic pesticides appear to be readily assimilated by animals but excreted slowly over a period of many weeks. /Phenolic pesticides/

Liver damage, metabolic stimulant, dermatitis, dilation of pupils. (USCG, 1999)

Remove victim from contaminated area and wash exposed skin with soap and water. Administer oxygen if respiratory problems develop. Refer to a doctor. (USCG, 1999)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes if immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . Rapid body cooling may be necessary in case of hyperthermia. Salicylates are contraindicated. /Dinitrophenol and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in severe respiratory distress. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with lactated Ringer's to treat dehydration. Watch for signs of fluid overload and pulmonary edema. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Dinitrophenol and related compounds/

Skin contact may lead to local necrosis but rarely if ever to dangerous systemic effects (by this portal).|SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 1. MARKED FATIGUE, TREMENDOUS THIRST, PROFUSE SWEATING, FLUSHING OF FACE. 2. NAUSEA, VOMITING, ABDOMINAL PAIN, & OCCASIONALLY DIARRHEA. 3. RESTLESSNESS, ANXIETY, EXCITEMENT, OCCASIONALLY LEADING TO CONVULSIONS. /DINITROPHENOL/|SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 4. RISE IN BODY TEMP...ROUGHLY PROPORTIONAL TO TOXIC DOSE, MAY CULMINATE IN SEVERE HYPERPYREXIA... 5. TACHYCARDIA, HYPERPNEA, DYSPNEA, CYANOSIS, &...MUSCLE CRAMPS. 6. LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS, CESSATION OF BREATHING, & DEATH. /DINITROPHENOL/|SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 7. LATE COMPLICATIONS: A. DECR URINE OUTPUT WITH ALBUMINURIA, CASTS, PIGMENTS, SOMETIMES BLOOD CELLS, DUE TO TOXIC NEPHRITIS. B. JAUNDICE & TENDERNESS IN LIVER REGION DUE TO TOXIC HEPATITIS. /DINITROPHENOL/|SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 8. OCCASIONAL HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS AFTER REPEATED EXPOSURES (OR IN CHRONIC POISONING) INCLUDE AGRANULOCYTIC ANGINA, SKIN RASHES, PERIPHERAL NEURITIS, & LATE CATARACT FORMATION. /DINITROPHENOL/

PRODUCT DISCONTINUED BY DOW CHEM CO FORMERLY USED ON TREE FRUITS.|DINEX WAS MOST TOXIC TO LEECHES. HOWEVER TOLERANCE WAS SUCH THAT IT WOULD BE IMPRACTICAL TO USE FOR CONTROLLING LEECHES IN THE FIELD UNLESS THE KILLING OF FISH & OTHER ANIMALS WERE UNOBJECTIONABLE.|... DINITROPHENOLS SUCH AS DINEX OR DNOCHP HAVE ... BEEN USED AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 3-5 PPM /FOR CONTROL OF AQUEOUS SNAILS/.|/Dinitrophenol/ insecticides in use are all derivatives of 4,6-dinitro-2-alkylphenol and salts or esters thereof. /Dinitrophenol/

EVALUATIONS WERE MADE BY COMPARING ELECTRON CAPTURE GLC PEAK HEIGHTS OR PEAK AREAS OF REACTED PRODUCTS WITH THOSE OF STANDARDS.