Buformin hydrochloride

Buformin Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of buformin, an agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity. Buformin is not metabolized and is excreted in the urine. This agent has an elevated risk of causing lactic acidosis, and has been withdrawn from the market.|An oral hypoglycemic agent that inhibits gluconeogenesis, increases glycolysis, and decreases glucose oxidation.

Buformin is a biguanide derivative with antihyperglycemic activity. It delays absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract, increases insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization in peripheral cells, and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. It can also deactivate the glycolytic pathway by suppressing glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression, which can lead to lactic acidosis. Biguanides, such as buformin, are reported to inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory complex I by inhibiting ubiquinone reduction and by stimulating reactive oxygen species production via the complex I flavin. Some biguanides, including buformin, can also inhibit the mitochondrial ATP synthase. Buformin has also been examined for antitumor activity due to its ability to disrupt the unfolded protein response transcription program during glucose deprivation, which induces cell death in glucose-deprived tumor cells.

Molecular Weight:193.68
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:1
Rotatable Bond Count:4
Exact Mass:193.1094232
Monoisotopic Mass:193.1094232
Topological Polar Surface Area:103
Heavy Atom Count:12
Complexity:156
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:2
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes