Cesium chloride

168.36

167.874

231-600-2

GNR9HML8BA

15198

DTXSID3040435

Colorless crystals

28273980

0

-2.99600

White beads

3.988 g/cm³

646 °C

1290 °C

1303°C

1.6418

H2O: 1860 g/L (20 ºC)

2-8°C

Oral-rat LD50: 2590 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 2306 mg/kg

Thermal decomposition to emit toxic chloride fumes

Deliquenscent; undergoes transition to high-temperature polymorph at 4 °C; when heated to decomposition emits toxic fumes of Cl.

2923

2

68-36/38

36/37-26-24/25

FK9625000

Xn,Xi

The warehouse is low-temperature, ventilated and dry

Reacts violently with BF3

Stable. Deliquescent. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids. Protect from moisture.

P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P312, P308+P313, P314, P330, P405, P501

H302

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

|Warning|H302 (22.54%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P312, P308+P313, P314, P330, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 207 companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

moderately toxic

LD50 Rat ip 1.5 g/kg

Real and simulated particulate fallout solutions of 134CsCl were fed to 102 healthy volunteers. An average of 3% of the radioactivity of week-old fallout was absorbed: the range was 0-9%.|Data were obtained for the distribution-excretion pattern of 137Cs in guinea pigs over a period of 100 days after administration by three different routes. Three groups of twenty guinea pigs were used. Solutions of cesium chloride containing 137Cs as a tracer were administered to the animals by inhalation, by ingestion and by i.p. injection. Urine and feces were collected daily until sacrifice, and the time-tissue distribution patterns were determined after death. All measurements were made by gamma counting with a NaI (Tl) detector. Since cesium chloride is extremely soluble, it was absorbed rapidly from the lungs, the digestive tract and the abdominal cavity. After the first day, the skeletal muscle had the largest concentration of 137Cs. Its retention in muscle may be approximated by a single exponential function with an average biological half-life of 10 days. Concentration in other tissues did not differ significantly from that in the muscle. The 137Cs concentration in total excretion followed an exponential pattern with a rapidly and a slowly decreasing component. The average urine-to-feces ratio was 2.8. More than 95 per cent was excreted within 32 days; at this time, approximately 65 per cent of the remaining radioactivity was located in the skeletal muscle.|Absorption of CsCl, SrCl2, BaCl2 and CeCl3 deposited on nasal membranes directly into the general circulation was studied in Syrian hamsters and compared with gastrointestinal tract absorption. More than 50 % of the cesium, strontium and barium was absorbed directly from the nasal membranes but <4 % of the cerium. For all isotopes, nasal absorption was approximately = or >gastrointestinal absorption during the first 4 hr after administration. This study emphasized the importance of direct nasal absorption of deposited materials in inhalation toxicity evaluations especially with readily soluble aerosols having mass median aerodynamic diameters >5 m when nasopharyngeal deposition predominates.

... potassium channel blocker ... capable of producing early after-depolarizations (EADs) and polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias resembling torsades de pointes.|Cesium ions block potassium channels in biological membranes in a voltage dependent manner. For example, external cesium blocks inward current with little or no effect on outward current. Consequently, it produces a characteristic N-shaped current-voltage relationship. /Cesium ions/

The FDA has determined that the 500 mg Prussian blue capsules, when manufactured under the conditions of an approved New Drug Application (NDA), can be found safe and effective for the treatment of known or suspected internal contamination with radioactive cesium, radioactive thallium, or non-radioactive thallium. Prussian blue can be used to treat contamination that may occur as a result of a routine accidental poisoning, as well as contamination associated with a terrorist event. Prussian blue works by trapping thallium and cesium in the intestine, so that they can be passed out of the body in the stool rather than be re-absorbed. If persons are exposed to radioactive cesium, radioactive thallium, or non-radioactive thallium, taking Prussian blue may reduce the risk of death and major illness from radiation or poisoning. Prussian blue should be taken as soon as possible after exposure. However, even when treatment cannot be started right away, patients should be given Prussian blue as soon as it becomes available because it is still effective even after time has elapsed since exposure.

/CASE REPORTS/ A 47-yr-old patient presented with syncope and recurrent episodes of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. She had evidence of prolonged QT interval by ECG and had been taking cesium as a dietary supplement. Correction of the hypokalemia and discontinuation of the cesium resulted in normalization of the QT interval during follow-up with no further recurrence of ventricular arrhythmias. The use of this drug is potentially hazardous as it may induce fatal ventricular arrhythmias.|/SPECIAL STUDIES/ In an accident involving the stealing and breaching of a radiotherapy source in Goiania, Brazil, 39 individuals had a high level of 137Cs internal contamination. Prussian Blue was used, in doses that varied from 3-10 g d-1 for adults, to enhance the elimination of 137Cs from the body. The total internal committed doses and the effect of Prussian Blue treatment for 15 contaminated adults involved in this accident have been evaluated in this paper. Prussian Blue caused dose reductions in the range of 51-84%, with an average of 71%. This reduction was shown to be independent of the dosage of Prussian Blue. ...|/SPECIAL STUDIES/ In September 1987, the Goiania radiological accident involving a source of 137Cs culminated in about 140 victims who presented internal and/or external contamination and/or external exposure to radiation and/or radiation burns. Internal contamination was verified through analysis of urine and fecal samples. Internal contamination was also evaluated by measurements performed at the whole-body counter installed in Goiania in November 1987. To enhance the decorporation of 137Cs, patients were treated with the following: 1 ) Prussian Blue, oral administration, in 46 patients; 2 ) diuretics, oral administration, in 17 patients; 3 ) induced perspiration, increasing 137Cs elimination. These procedures were done under rigorous clinical evaluation and considering the data from assay of excreta and data obtained from the whole-body counter. The doses of Prussian Blue exceeded about 6.5 times the dose previously indicated in the literature. It was the first time diuretics were used in humans to treat 137Cs internal contamination. The results of these procedures are discussed.

cesium chloride

All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing|Cesium chloride (CsCl): ACTIVE|Not produced in the USA; although there is no information regarding the countries shipping cesium compounds (e.g., cesium chloride) to the USA, it is believed that Canada is the major source of cesium compounds (e.g., cesium chloride).

Analyte: cesium; matrix: ambient particulate matter; procedure: neutron activation analysis (NAA) gamma spectroscopy; detection limit: 0.02 ng/cu m. /Cesium/|Analyte: cesium; matrix: ambient particulate matter; procedure: proton induced x-ray emission (PIXE) spectroscopy; detection limit: 25.3 ng/cu m. /Cesium/|OSHA Method ID-121: Metal and Metalloid Particulates in Workplace Atmospheres; analyte: cesium; matrix: air, wipes, or bulks; procedure: atomic absorption; qualitative detection limit: 0.005 ug/ml. /Cesium/|Analysis of cesium in river water. Analysis technique: flame photometry; Preparation method: sample is concentrated by precipitation with AMP, purified by extraction with sodium tetraphenylboron. Detection limit = 0.01 ug/l. /Cesium/|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for CESIUM CHLORIDE (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Analysis of cesium in urine. Analysis technique: Instrument neutron activated analysis; Preparation method: sample is dried, ashed then irradiated. Detection limit = 0.00001 ug/g. /Cesium/|Analysis of cesium in soft tissue. Analysis technique: Flame photometry; Preparation method: Sample ashed and then concentrated by precipitation with ammonium molybdphosphate, extracted with sodium phenylboron. Detection limit = 0.005 ug/g.|Analysis of cesium in feces. Analysis technique: Instrument neutron activated analysis; Preparation method: sample is dried, ashed then irradiated. Detection limit = 0.00001 ug/g. /Cesium/|Analysis of radiocesium in urine. Analysis technique: gamma-spectrometry with NaI detector; Preparation method: sample is acidified and concentrated on a potassium cobalt ferrocyanide column. Detection limit = 6 pCi/l. /Radiocesium/|For more Clinical Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for CESIUM CHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.