1-Butanol Safety Data Sheets

Flammable liquids, Category 3

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

Skin irritation, Category 2

Serious eye damage, Category 1

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3

If inhaled

Following skin contact

Following eye contact

Following ingestion

Anesthesia, nausea, headache, dizziness, irritation of respiratory passages. Mildly irritating to the skin and eyes. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 29°C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and aluminium.

Occupational Exposure limit values

Biological limit values

Eye/face protection

Skin protection

Respiratory protection

Thermal hazards

1400 ppm [Based on 10% of the lower explosion limit for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.]

Reacts with aluminium when heated to 100°C and strong oxidants such as chromium trioxide. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001). Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber and coatings.

no data available

Flammable liquid. Moderately explosive when exposed to flame.N-BUTYL ALCOHOL attacks plastics. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236]. Mixtures with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. May form explosive butyl hypochlorite by reacting with hypochlorous acid. May form butyl explosive butyl hypochlorite with chlorine.

no data available

Butanol, used as a solvent in an autoclave preparation at 100 deg C, severely attacked the aluminum gasket, liberating hydrogen which caused a sharp rise in pressure. Other alcohols would behave similarly .

When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 - rat (female) - ca. 2 292 mg/kg bw. Remarks:Converted value (calculated with a density 0.81 g/mL).
• Inhalation: LC0 - rat (male/female) - > 17.76 mg/L air (analytical).
• Dermal: LD50 - rabbit (male) - ca. 3 430 mg/kg bw.

Skin corrosion/irritation

Serious eye damage/irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

STOT-single exposure

STOT-repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

• Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Pimephales promelas - 1 376 mg/L - 96 h.
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 1 328 mg/L - 48 h.
• Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) - 225 mg/L - 96 h.
• Toxicity to microorganisms: EC90 - Pseudomonas putida - 8 690 mg/L - 17 h.

AEROBIC: n-Butyl alcohol biodegrades rapidly in screening tests using a sewage or activated sludge inoculum and is considered readily biodegradable(1). n-Butyl alcohol reached 66% of its theoretical BOD in a sewage sludge during a 5 day incubation period(2) and 33% of its theoretical BOD using an inoculum from polluted surface water(3). The first-order rate constant for the degradation of n-butyl alcohol in soils was reported as 2X10-6 sec-1(4); this corresponds to a half-life of approximately 4 days(SRC). The first-order biodegradation rate constant of n-butyl alcohol in an activated sludge inoculum was reported as 9.59X10-3 per hour(5); this corresponds to a half-life of about 3 days(SRC). The biodegradation half-life of n-butyl alcohol in a sub-surface soil from Blacksburg, VA was approximately 7 days(6). The biodegradation half-life of n-butyl alcohol in a basic sandy silt loam from Texas was reported as 1 day and the half-life of n-butyl alcohol in an acidic sandy loam from Mississippi was reported as 8.5 days(7). A 20 day BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) test was conducted using unacclimated settled domestic wastewater as the microbial seed (3 mL/BOD bottle)(1); the results showed a BOD5 of 68% ThOD (percent of theoretical oxygen demand), a BOD10 of 87% ThOD, a BOD15 of 92% ThOD, and a BOD20 of 92% ThOD(1). n-Butyl alcohol, present at 100 mg/L, reached >60% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(8).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for n-butyl alcohol(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The measured Koc of n-butyl alcohol is reported as 3.2(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this Koc value suggests that n-butyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

no data available

Product

Contaminated packaging

no data available

no data available

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/