2020-05-06
Scientists Natalia Dudareva and Joseph Lynch of Purdue University in the United States are devoted to studying methods to increase plant phenylalanine production. Phenylalanine is essential for the survival of plants and is used in flavors, fragrances, biofuels, pesticides and medicines. They discovered a new plant metabolic pathway last year. They thought it could be genetically modified to allow plants to produce more phenylalanine. Genetic modification should have increased the production of phenylalanine, but as a result, the compound unexpectedly decreased. However, this shows that there is a link between the biosynthesis of phenylalanine and the phytohormone auxin, which not only affects the metabolism of amino acids, but also affects our understanding of growth and development. Plants use phenylalanine to produce compounds to attract pollinators for defense, reproduction, growth and development. Although sufficient for these purposes, it is too small for human use. Plants mainly produce phenylalanine in plastids, such as chloroplasts and other small organelles. But Purdue University research scientist Du Dareva and graduate student Yichun Qian found that plants can also produce phenylalanine in the cytoplasm and may produce more. Scientists first let petunia grow to maturity and then induce an enzyme that can increase the production of phenylalanine in the cytosol. "The effect is very good, the synthesis of phenylalanine has tripled." Lynch said. Then they integrated a gene into the petunia genome, which would increase the production of the same enzyme and should produce similar results. In contrast, the production of phenylalanine increased slightly in the cytosol, but decreased significantly in the plastid. This resulted in an overall reduction in phenylalanine production. This is because both phenylalanine and auxin use a substrate called phenylpyruvate for biosynthesis. By producing more phenylalanine in the cytosol, phenylpyruvate in this area is increased, resulting in more auxin production. Slight changes in plant hormones can cause serious developmental problems. In the above situation, auxin increased, resulting in a decrease in plastids, and phenylalanine production decreased accordingly. "Increasing phenylalanine will not work, because it will interfere with auxin, and we have entered a dead end." Lynch said. "We will continue to try to increase the production of phenylalanine, but we will try to overcome the bottleneck of limited production in this region by adjusting the plastid. Dudareva said that the above findings not only show how phenylalanine and auxin are related, but also suggest why plants have a less-used cytosol channel.Plants can produce enough phenylalanine through tight plastid channels through the regulation mechanism, but will not produce more to prevent breaking the balance with auxin. But when a plant is injured or needs more phenylalanine for defense or healing, it will open the cytosol channel and produce the required amount.
2026-04-27
1. Formamide (CAS No.: 75-12-7) Purchaser: Jemmco, LLC Country: United States Quantity: 55 gallons Company Profile: Founded in 1999 in Mequon, Wisconsin, USA, Jemmco LLC is a leading supplier in the extrusion and web processing industry. It specializes in roll covering, static elimination, dyne testing, cleaning and laboratory equipment, with patented product lines including JemmTron™ and JemmTac™. Focusing on the paper, film, foil and non-woven fabric sectors, it delivers one-stop processing solutions for clients through cost-effective products, prompt delivery and professional technical support. Product Name: FormamideCAS No.: 75-12-7Main Application: A colorless, transparent and viscous liquid with a faint odor and high solubility. It is mainly used as a raw material for organic synthesis, textile auxiliary agent, solvent, and processing additive in pharmaceutical and biochemical industries. 2. 2,2,6-Trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one (CAS No.: 5394-63-8) Purchaser: CSBR BV Country: Netherlands Quantity: 250KG Company Profile: Cashew Shell BioRefinery CSBR BV (CSBR) is an innovative Dutch enterprise focusing on bio-based aromatic chemicals, headquartered at the Brightlands Campus in Heerlen, the Netherlands. Using cashew shell oil as raw materials, the company develops bio-based meta-aromatic compounds that serve as direct alternatives to petroleum-based products without competing with grain cultivation for land. Its technology breaks the traditional processing limitations of cashew shell oil, balancing processability and performance to facilitate the carbon neutrality transformation of the chemical industry. Annually, it processes approximately 4.5 million tons of global cashew shell waste to boost the circular economy of the cashew industry. Led by CEO Pierluigi Ferri, the team has 11 years of in-depth experience in cashew shell oil application research and development. Product Name: 2,2,6-Trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-oneCAS No.: 5394-63-8Main Application: A dark brown liquid or low-melting-point solid. It acts as a pharmaceutical and organic synthesis intermediate for the preparation of β-dicarbonyl compounds and raw materials for medicines such as Apremilast. 3. FLOROL NEO (CAS No.: 63500-71-0) Purchaser: Novasol Chemicals Country: Germany Quantity: 6MT Company Profile: Established in Belgium in 1997, Novasol Chemicals is a global enterprise specialized in the distribution of general and specialty chemicals, with its headquarters in Brussels. Its business spans 25 countries across Europe, Asia, North America and other regions, providing customized distribution, warehousing and packaging solutions for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, coatings, water treatment, personal care and other industries. Product Name: FLOROL NEOCAS No.: 63500-71-0Main Application: A colorless transparent liquid with a lily-of-the-valley floral fragrance developed by Firmenich. Widely applied in perfumes, personal care products and home fragrances, it creates fresh and long-lasting lily-of-the-valley notes and enhances fragrance diffusion and stability. 4. Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (CAS No.: 9024-28-6) Purchaser: Eni Country: Italy Quantity: 1KG Company Profile: Founded in Italy in 1953 and formerly known as Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi, Eni is a global integrated energy giant headquartered in Rome. Listed in 1995, it has developed into a multinational energy corporation. It launched energy transformation in 2014, focusing on low-carbon development across the industrial chain and committing to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. Its business covers oil and gas exploration & production, refining & chemical engineering, renewable energy, biorefining, carbon capture and more, operating in over 60 countries worldwide. Product Name: Phenylalanine Ammonia-LyaseCAS No.: 9024-28-6Main Application: Mostly presented as colorless to pale yellow liquid or lyophilized powder. It is used for research on plant secondary metabolism, phenylketonuria treatment and L-phenylalanine synthesis. 5. 2-Methyl-1,3-Cyclohexanedione (CAS No.: 3008-43-3) Purchaser: Scents & Blends Country: Singapore Quantity: 1KG Company Profile: Scents & Blends is an integrated Singapore-based enterprise for food and daily chemical flavors, with a complete whole-process system covering R&D, production, quality control and sales. All products strictly comply with Singapore’s food regulations. The company focuses on providing customized flavor solutions for food, beverage, daily chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. Centered on innovation, quality, compliance and reliable services, it empowers brands to develop high-quality flavor and fragrance products. Product Name: 2-Methyl-1,3-CyclohexanedioneCAS No.: 3008-43-3Main Application: A pale yellow transparent liquid with a unique roasted aroma. It is widely used in the blending of food flavors and fragrances, suitable for baking products, condiments and daily chemical flavor formulation. 6. Icaridin (CAS No.: 119515-38-7) Purchaser: Cosmoderma Industria Country: Brazil Quantity: 2000KG Company Profile: Cosmoderma Indústria e Comércio Ltda. was founded in São Paulo, Brazil in 2008. It specializes in the production of medical, sanitary, protective and cosmetic disinfection products, including cosmetics, disinfectants and personal protective equipment. Adhering to strict quality control, a professional technical team and efficient services, its products are sold nationwide in Brazil. With the business philosophy of integrity, responsibility and transparency, it offers safe, compliant and cost-effective one-stop solutions for medical care, beauty and public health sectors. Product Name: IcaridinCAS No.: 119515-38-7Main Application: A colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid and a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency insect repellent. It repels mosquitoes, ticks, flies and other pests, and is formulated into mosquito repellent sprays and lotions with high safety and low irritation. 7. Ethyl Ferulate (CAS No.: 4046-02-0) Purchaser: Midwest Bioprocessing Center Country: United States Quantity: 100KG Company Profile: Established in Peoria, Illinois, USA in 2019 and spun off from zuChem, Midwest Bioprocessing Center (MBC) is an innovative enterprise dedicated to bioprocessing. Relying on proprietary enzyme catalysis and fermentation platforms, it develops high-value lipid and carbohydrate products for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutritional industries. With two major brands zuCarb™ and iActive™, it provides rare sugars, active lipids, as well as customized bioprocess development and large-scale production services. Product Name: Ethyl FerulateCAS No.: 4046-02-0Main Application: A pale yellow crystalline powder with excellent antioxidant properties. It is widely used in cosmetics for whitening and anti-aging effects, in pharmaceuticals for anti-inflammation and cardioprotection, and also serves as an antioxidant and fragrance additive in food. 8. 3-(Dimethylamino)acrylonitrile (CAS No.: 2407-68-3) Purchaser: Corteva Agriscience Country: United States Quantity: 100MT Company Profile: Spun off and independently listed from DowDuPont in June 2019, Corteva is headquartered in Indianapolis, USA, and is a world-leading pure agricultural technology company. It integrates superior resources including DuPont Pioneer and Dow AgroSciences, and mainly engages in seeds, crop protection, biological agents and digital agriculture, with business coverage of more than 130 countries. Focusing on innovative R&D with a daily investment of nearly 4 million US dollars, it has launched over 2,000 products to provide high-yield and sustainable agricultural solutions for global farmers. Product Name: 3-(Dimethylamino)acrylonitrileCAS No.: 2407-68-3Main Application: A pale yellow to brown transparent liquid and a key pharmaceutical intermediate, mainly applied in the synthesis of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, pyrimidine, pyrazole and other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. 9. Collagen (CAS No.: 9064-69-1) Purchaser: Amoveri Farma Country: Brazil Quantity: 700KG Company Profile: Amoveri Farma is a leading pharmaceutical and healthcare group in Brazil, building a comprehensive medical ecosystem integrating import, distribution, logistics, retail and clinics to popularize medical resources. The group covers pharmaceutical distribution, oncology drugs, customized medicines, professional logistics, pharmacies and oncology clinics. It has established cooperation with more than 45 pharmaceutical enterprises and operates nationwide, providing integrated services from drug supply to diagnosis and treatment. It connects pharmaceutical companies, medical systems and patients through an efficient, compliant and professional operation model to improve the accessibility of innovative therapies. Product Name: CollagenCAS No.: 9064-69-1Main Application: A white powdery or fibrous natural macromolecular protein. It is widely used in food, health supplements, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries for moisturizing, skin care, joint care and functional food fortification. 10. Phthalic Anhydride (CAS No.: 85-44-9) Purchaser: Dunhill Corporation Country: Bangladesh Quantity: 100MT Company Profile: Founded in 1994, Dunhill Corporation Limited is a well-known commission agency and trading enterprise in Bangladesh. It focuses on the import and distribution of high-quality PVC resin and is the authorized local agent of Thailand’s AGC Vinythai, supplying SIAMVIC series PVC resin. With sound credibility, stable supply and professional services, it has long served manufacturing sectors including cables, pipes, shoe materials, artificial leather and daily plastic products, offering one-stop procurement and technical support. Product Name: Phthalic AnhydrideCAS No.: 85-44-9Main Application: White acicular or flaky crystals. It is primarily used in the production of plasticizers, unsaturated polyester resins, alkyd resins, dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates.