Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a pathological condition in which the ductus arteriosus does not close after birth and remains open. The ductus arteriosus evolves from the distal end of the sixth pair of bronchial arterial arches. In fetal circulation, it directs most of the blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery into the descending aorta and sends it to the placenta for oxygenation. After birth, patent ductus arteriosus can exist as an independent lesion (can exist alone) or in combination with other cardiovascular malformations, such as aortic arch coarctation or interruption, severe aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome and pulmonary atresia, severe pulmonary artery stenosis or as part of a vascular ring.