It is a chronic and serious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes kidney damage and glomerular sclerosis. After HIV infects the human body, it mainly causes damage and reduction of helper T lymphocytes, namely CD4 T lymphocytes, and at the same time leads to damage to other immune functions, thereby causing various opportunistic infections and tumors, and ultimately leading to the patient's death. AIDS has become prevalent in countries around the world. Due to its poor prognosis and high mortality rate, there is currently no cure, which has caused serious consequences. The increase in AIDS cases among children in my country should attract the full attention of Chinese pediatricians.