Coxsackie virus B (CVB) infection mainly affects newborns with low immunity and areas with poor sanitary conditions. Clinically, it is characterized by inflammation and damage to many organs such as the myocardium and brain. Severe outbreaks of this disease have a mortality rate of up to 26% to 69.4%, which is very harmful to newborns and has attracted the attention of neonatologists around the world. Since it was reported in Coxsackie Town, New York, USA in 1954, in addition to causing sporadic infections in newborns, it has successively occurred in some parts of the world. In recent years, epidemics of varying scales have also occurred in nurseries in Beijing, Huangshan, Shenyang and other regions of my country.