By inhibiting bacterial transpeptidase, it prevents the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, inhibits or kills bacteria; when used with trimethoprim, it can enhance antibacterial ability, delay the development of drug resistance, and reduce oral dosage

By inhibiting bacterial transpeptidase, it prevents the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, inhibits or kills bacteria; when used with cephalexin, it can enhance antibacterial ability, delay the development of drug resistance, and reduce oral dosage

It has anti-epithelial cell proliferation, epithelial cell differentiation induction and anti-inflammatory effects. It blocks the pathological signal substances expressed by abnormal immune system in psoriasis by inhibiting the activity of protein kinase C in keratinocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, inhibiting the secretion of interleukin-1, 6, 8 and tumor necrosis factor α by human peripheral blood monocytes; and reduces the amount of transforming growth factor-α in keratinocytes and its affinity with epidermal growth factor receptor, thereby producing anti-keratinocyte proliferation and anti-inflammatory effects. It can cause proliferation of mouse tail granular cells and down-regulate the expression of transglutaminase (TGase) mRNA, indicating that it has the effect of inducing epithelial cell differentiation. It produces anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species by polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced by phorbol esters.