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Cephalexin

Cephalexin structure

CAS No:
15686-71-2
Formula:
C16H17N3O4S
Chemical Name:
Cephalexin
Synonyms:
(6r-(6alpha,7beta(r*)))-ino)-3-methyl-8-oxo;5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylicacid,7-((aminophenylacetyl)am;5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylicacid,7-(2-amino-2-phenylaceta;7-(d-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-delta(sup3)-cephem-4-carboxylica;7-(d-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-delta3-cephem-4-carboxylicacid;7-(d-alpha-aminophenylacetamido)desacetoxycephalosporanicacid;7-beta-(d-alpha-amino-alpha-phenylacetylamino)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxyli;cefa-iskia
Categories:
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients > Antibiotics

Description

Cefalexin is a cephalosporin antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialCefalexin (INN, BAN) or cephalexin (USAN, AAN) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic introduced in 1967 by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an orally administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spectrum to the intravenous agents cefalotin and cefazolin. It was first marketed as Keflex (Lilly), and is marketed under several other trade names. As of 2008, cefalexin was the most popular cephalosporin antibiotic in the Uni

Cephalexin is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is used to examine the impact of binding, expression, and inhibition of PBP3 as well as additional penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on the cell wall during bacterial mucopeptide synthesis. Cephalexin is used for the treatment of infection-causing bacteria that may induce ear, respiratory, urinary tract, and skin infections. Bacteria that are defenseless against Cephalexin may include Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Haemophilus influenza. Cephalexin is also referred to as Keflex (brand name), and it does not relieve viral infections such as flu or colds.

Use of the ampicillin-type side chain conveys oral activity to cephalexin. Whereas it no longer has an activating side chain at C-3 and, as a consequence, is somewhat less potent, it does not undergo metabolic deactivation and, thus, maintains potency. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract and has become quite popular. Somewhat puzzling is the fact that the use of the ampicillin side chain in the cephalosporins does not result in a comparable shift in antimicrobial spectrum. Cephalexin, like the other first-generation cephalosporins is active against many Gram-positive aerobic cocci but is limited against Gram-negative bacteria. It is a widely used drug, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections, Gram-positive infections (Staphyl ococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoni ae and Streptococcus pyogenes) of soft tissues, pharyngitis, and minor wounds.

White cryst. powder

ChEBI: A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and G am-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.

Cephalexin Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

347.39

Exact Mass：

347.39

EC Number：

239-773-6

NSC Number：

758162

DSSTox ID：

DTXSID00276728

Color/Form：

White to light yellow

HScode：

29419000

Characteristics

PSA：

138 Å²

XLogP3：

0.65

Appearance：

Solid

Density：

1.3040 (rough estimate)

Melting Point：

196-198°C

Boiling Point：

727.4±60.0 °C(Predicted)

Flash Point：

393.7±32.9 °C

Refractive Index：

1.6320 (estimate)

Water Solubility：

12.5g/L(25 ºC)

Storage Conditions：

2-8ºC

Vapor Pressure：

3.27E-22mmHg at 25°C

Toxicity：

TDLo orl-hmn: 14 mg/kg/D:GIT AACHAX -,361,68

PH：

pH (5g/l, 25℃) 3.5～5.5

PKA：

5.2, 7.3(at 25℃)

Critical Temperature & Pressure：

Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,2-8°C

Safety Information

Transport codes：

NONH for all modes of transport

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

safety instructions：

22-36/37-45

RTECS Number：

XI0350000

Marks：

Xn:Harmful

Stability/Shelf Life：

ACID-STABLE

Precautionary statement(s)：

P261-P280-P342 + P311

Hazard Statements：

42/43

Cephalexin Use and Manufacturing

Cephalexin is administered to minimize the development of bacteria that are resistant to drugs. To maintain the overall effectiveness of Cephalexin, the drug should be prescribed as a treatment for infections that can be attributed to bacteria. The availability of susceptibility and culture information should be put into consideration while making modifications to antibacterial therapy. The absence of such information may be backed by susceptibility and epidemiology patterns to influence verifiable adoption of treatment.In some cases, Cephalexin is used for the treatment of patients who are allergic to penicillin and may have a heart condition at the time when they are undergoing a procedure on their respiratory tract, to inhibit the development of infection on their heart valves.

Antibacterial.

Material

7-Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid

Price Analysis

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Drug Function and Efficacy

Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin with an antibacterial spectrum similar to that of cephalothin, but its antibacterial activity is poorer than that of the latter. Except for Enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, most strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus that produces or does not produce penicillinase are sensitive to this product. This product has a good antibacterial effect on Neisseria, but Haemophilus influenzae is less sensitive to this product; this product has a certain antibacterial effect on some Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella and Shigella. The remaining Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacteroides fragilis are resistant to this product. Fusobacterium and Veillonella are generally sensitive to this product, and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci are moderately sensitive to this product.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Cephalexin Capsules
Ingredients	The main chemical component is cephalexin: (6R,7R)-3-methyl-7-[(R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetylamino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid hydrate
Indication	1 When used in combination with cholestyramine (cholestyramine), the average blood concentration of cephalexin can be reduced. 2 Probenecid can delay the renal excretion of this product, and there are also reports that probenecid can increase the excretion of this product in bile
Specifications	0.25 g (calculated as C16H17N304S)

Cephalexin Granules
Ingredients	The main ingredient of this product is cephalexin, and its chemical name is (6R,7R)-3-methyl-7-[(R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetylamino]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid monohydrate.
Indication	1. When combined with cholestyramine (cholestyramine), the average blood concentration of cephalexin can be reduced. 2. Probenecid can delay the renal excretion of this product, and there are also reports that probenecid can increase the excretion of this product in bile.
Specifications	50 mg (calculated as C16H17N304S)

Cefadroxil Trimethoprim Capsules
Ingredients	This product is a compound preparation, each tablet containing 0.125g of cephalexin and 0.025g of trimethoprim.
Indication	1. When used in combination with cholestyramine (cholestyramine), the average blood concentration of cephalexin can be reduced. 2. Probenecid can delay the renal excretion of this product, and there are also reports that probenecid can increase the excretion of this product in bile. 3. The chance of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia increases when bone marrow suppressants are used in combination with this product. 4. This product should not be used simultaneously with the anti-tumor drug 2,4-diaminopyrimidine drugs, nor should it be used between courses of treatment with other folic acid antagonists, because it may cause bone marrow hypoplasia or megaloblastic anemia. 5. Co-use of cyclosporine can increase renal toxicity.
Specifications	0.15g(C16H17N3O5S0.125 and C14H18N4O30.025)
Manufacturer	Mudanjiang Lingtai Medicdment Co., Ltd.

See More Related Drugs

Registered Holders

APITORIA PHARMA PRIVATE LTD

United States
Active
ORCHID PHARMA LTD

United States
Active
Yungjin Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD.

Japan
Active

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