Methylprednisolone tablets

Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids diffuse through the cell membrane and bind to specific receptors in the cytoplasm. This conjugate then enters the cell nucleus and binds to DNA (chromosomes), initiating the transcription of mRNA and the synthesis of various enzyme proteins. It is believed that systemically administered glucocorticoids ultimately exert their various effects through these enzymes. Glucocorticoids not only have an important effect on inflammatory and immune processes, but also affect carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, and have effects on the cardiovascular system, bone marrow and muscular system and central nervous system. - Acting on inflammatory and immune processes: Most of the therapeutic effects of glucocorticoids are related to their anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-allergic properties, which lead to the following results: - Reduction of immunocompetent cells around inflammatory lesions - Reduction of vasodilation - Stabilization of lysosomal membranes - Inhibition of phagocytosis - Reduction of the production of prostaglandins and related substances 4.4 mg of methylprednisolone acetate (4 mg of methylprednisolone) has the same glucocorticoid-like effect (anti-inflammatory effect) as 20 mg of hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone has only a low mineralocorticoid-like effect (200 mg of methylprednisolone is equivalent to 1 mg of deoxycorticosterone). - Effects on carbohydrate and protein metabolism: Glucocorticoids have the effect of breaking down proteins, and the released amino acids are converted into glucose and glycogen in the liver through the process of gluconeogenesis. Due to the reduced absorption of glucose by peripheral tissues, blood sugar and glycosuria are increased, which is particularly evident in patients with a tendency to diabetes. - Effects on fat metabolism: Glucocorticoids have the effect of breaking down fat, which mainly affects the limbs; in addition, glucocorticoids have the effect of lipogenesis, which is particularly evident in the chest, neck and head. All of these lead to the redistribution of fat. The maximum pharmacological effect of corticosteroids occurs after the peak blood concentration, indicating that most of its effects are triggered by changes in enzyme activity rather than the direct effect of the drug.

This product mainly contains: methylprednisolone.

Medrol comes as white tablets.

Glucocorticoids can only be used as symptomatic treatment and can only be used as alternative drugs in certain endocrine disorders. Methylprednisolone tablets can be used in the following situations: Non-endocrine disorders 1. Rheumatic diseases: used as an adjuvant therapy for short-term use (to help patients get through the acute or critical period), used for: psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (some patients may need low-dose maintenance treatment), ankylosing spondylitis, acute or subacute bursitis, acute nonspecific synovitis, acute gouty arthritis, post-traumatic osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis-induced synovitis and epicondylitis 2. Collagen diseases: used in the critical stage of the disease or as maintenance treatment for the following diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic dermatomyositis (polymyositis), polymyalgia rheumatica, giant cell disease

According to the treatment needs of different diseases, the initial dose of methylprednisolone tablets can be adjusted between 4 mg and 48 mg of methylprednisolone per day. For those with mild symptoms, a lower dose is usually sufficient; some patients may need a higher initial dose. Diseases that require higher doses clinically include multiple sclerosis (200 mg/day), cerebral edema (200-1000 mg/day) and organ transplantation (up to 7 mg/kg/day). If satisfactory clinical effects are not seen after a period of adequate treatment, methylprednisolone tablets should be discontinued and other appropriate treatments should be used instead. If the drug needs to be discontinued after long-term treatment, it is recommended to reduce the dose gradually rather than suddenly. When the clinical symptoms improve, the initial dose should be reduced gradually over an appropriate period of time until the existing clinical effects can be maintained.

1. Fluid and electrolyte disorders: water and sodium retention (edema, hypertension, congestive heart failure in some sensitive patients), hypokalemia, hypokalemic alkalosis. 2. Skeletal musculoskeletal system: osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral head, pathological fractures, muscle weakness, steroid myopathy. 3. Gastrointestinal tract: peptic ulcer, ulcer bleeding or perforation, pancreatitis, esophagitis. 4. Skin: fragile and thin skin, petechiae, purpura, delayed wound healing. 5. Metabolism: negative nitrogen balance caused by protein decomposition. 6. Nervous system: increased intracranial pressure, pseudotumor cerebri, mental disorder and epileptic seizures. 7. Endocrine system: menstrual disorders, Cushing's disease, suppression of pituitary-adrenal cortex axis, decreased glucose tolerance, potential diabetes, increased demand for insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs in diabetic patients, and growth inhibition in children. 8. Subcapsular cataracts behind the eye, increased intraocular pressure and proptosis 9. The immune system masks infections, causes latent infections, complicates opportunistic infections, allergic reactions and inhibits skin test reactions.

People who are allergic to glucocorticoids or have systemic fungal infections.

Precautions for children: Long-term daily administration of divided doses of glucocorticoids can inhibit growth in children, and this dosing regimen is limited to very critical situations. Alternate-day therapy can usually avoid this adverse reaction or reduce it to a minimum. Precautions for pregnancy and lactation: Some animal experiments have shown that mothers taking large doses of corticosteroids can cause fetal malformations. There have not been enough human reproductive studies, so when corticosteroids are used in pregnant women, lactating women, or women who may become pregnant, the relationship between its benefits and potential risks to the mother and the embryo or fetus should be carefully weighed. Because there is no sufficient evidence for the safety of corticosteroids during pregnancy, they can only be used in pregnant women when they are really needed. Because corticosteroids easily cross the placenta, infants born to mothers who have used large amounts of corticosteroids during pregnancy should be carefully observed and evaluated for symptoms of adrenal cortex insufficiency. The effect of corticosteroids on delivery is not yet known. Corticosteroids can be excreted with breast milk. Precautions for the elderly: It is not clear yet.

When methylprednisolone tablets are used in patients with active tuberculosis, they should be limited to fulminant or diffuse tuberculosis, for which corticosteroids can be used in combination with appropriate anti-tuberculosis drugs to control the disease. If corticosteroids are used in patients in the latent stage of tuberculosis or with a positive tuberculin test, they must be closely observed to prevent recurrence of the disease. Such patients should receive chemoprevention during long-term use of corticosteroids. Patients taking corticosteroids should not be vaccinated with cowpox or other immunization measures, especially those taking large doses, because there is a possibility of neurological complications and lack of antibody response. For patients with too little prothrombin, the combination of corticosteroids with aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used with caution.

Keep in a sealed container

Five years