ALKYL KETENE DIMER, AKD 99% white powder 144245-85-2 Senwayer

Alkyl ketene dimers are a family of organic compounds based on the 4-membered ring system of oxetan-2-one, which is also the central structural element of propiolactone and diketene. Attached to the oxetane ring of technically relevant alkyl ketene dimers there is a C₁₂ – C₁₆ alkyl group in the 3-position and a C₁₃ – C₁₇ alkylidene group in the 4-position.

Hydrophobization of paper, especially when made under alkaline conditions. AKD is widely used for liquid containers, ink-jet printing papers, and many other grades of paper and paperboard. AKD is especially favored for products that need to resist water over a long period of time.

 Because AKD is received at the paper mill as a ready-made, milky emulsion, it can be a very convenient product to use. Also, the lower reactivity of AKD, compared to ASA, means that the papermaker has more flexibility on where to add it. For example, many users of AKD add it to the thick stock; this practice tends to get the AKD to the fiber surfaces. In contrast, adding a sizing agent to the diluted furnish in the thin stock loop can be expected to concentrate more of the size onto the fines fraction. The presence of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) in the system can reduce the effectiveness of the sizing agent and also it may cause the sizing to lose some of its effect during storage (sizing reversion). Recent work reported by Bud Brungart of Hercules showed that this effect can be minimized by adding the PCC early in the process. The mechanism by which early addition of the PCC minimizes sizing reversion is not known, but it possibly involves coverage of the PCC by dissolved polymers and colloids from the pulp, dissipation of the surface alkalinity of the PCC, or increasing the bicarbonate content of the process water. Paper made with high levels of AKD is likely to be slippery, and it may cause problems in precision cutting and register during conversion, or in stacking during high-speed xerographic copying. These effects can be minimized by limiting the dosage (perhaps supplementing the sizing effect with surface hydrophobes added to the size-press starch), or by use of alkenylketene dimer (unsaturated form) in place of the more usual AKD.

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