NOOTKATONE

Nootkatone, a neuroprotective agent from Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects[1]. Nootkatone improves cognitive impairment in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse model of Alzheimer's disease[2].
Colourless to pale yellow or orange coloured oily liquid; Powerful fruity sweet, citrusy, grapefruit peel oil like aroma
(+)-nootkatone is a sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer). It has a role as a plant metabolite, a fragrance and an insect repellent. It is a sesquiterpenoid, an enone and a carbobicyclic compound.
Nootkatone has a pleasant taste. It may be prepared by oxidation of valencene (a sesquiterpene) with tertiary butyl chromate.
(+)-Nootkatone is sesquiterpene ketone originally isolated from grapefruit juice and peel oil with diverse biological activity. It is lethal against ticks, fleas, and mosquitoes with LC50values of 0.0029, 0.0061, and 0.0046% w/v, respectively. Pretreatment of wood with (+)-nootkatone reduces tunnel lengths, feeding, and survival rates inC. formosanustermites. (+)-Nootkatone (10-100 μM) dose-dependently activates AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 in C2C12mouse myoblast lysate containing a substrate peptide. It dose-dependently inhibits platelet aggregation induced by collagen, thrombin , and arachidonic acid when used at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 μM with almost complete inhibition at the highest concentration.In vivo, (+)-nootkatone (3-30 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently increases the length of tail bleeding time in mice. (+)-Nootkatone (0.1-0.3%, p.o.) dose-dependently reduces body weight and plasma glucose levels in mice fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet.