PG is a group of twenty-carbon straight-chain unsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid is usually the biosynthetic precursor, for prostate acid (prostanoic acid) is generated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic conversion , with an endogenous physiological skeleton active substance. In 1958 for the first time people obtained two pure PG crystallines from sheep seminal separation: PGE1 and PGF1α. Natural PG is classicified into three communities by structures (PG1, PG2, PG3), ten types (PGA, PGB, PGC, PGD, PGE, PGF, PGG, PGH, PGI, PGJ). E, F types in six natural PG, ie, PGE1, PGE2, PGE3 and PGF1α + PGF2α + PGF3α were earliest studied , the primary PG; A, B, C, D, G, H, I, J and other natural PG are called secondary PG. Various PG code names (such as E, F, etc.) are based on observations from the study during the early years. PG soluble in ether (ethyl) is represented by E, that is PGE, PG soluble in phosphate solution is represented by F (Swedish fosfate), namely PGF. PGA, PGB respectively are represented by PGE acid (acid) or base (base) processed end products.It is white or pale yellow needle-like crystal. Mp115-116 ℃, specific rotation-61.6 ° (c = 0.56, THF). Prostaglandin E1 is a physiologically active substance with the expansion of blood vessels and inhibit platelet aggregation, and can inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells free Ca2 +, inhibite vascular sympathetic nerve endings, release norepinephrine for vascular smooth muscle relaxation, to decrease peripheral resistance , lower blood pressure, increase coronary blood flow, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, thereby to relieve angina and reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction and reduced infarct size. It can improve heart failure, myocardial contractility, increased cardiovascular output, improve the coronary circulation, protect the ischemic myocardium. It can effectively inhibit cholesterol formation of additional immune damage caused by atherosclerosis. It can inhibit smooth muscle cell growth and reduce plaque. Expansion of renal vessels and increase renal blood flow, regulate sodium and water balance, resulting in diuresis.
Prostaglandin E1 is an endogenous prostaglandin with vasodilatory, anti-platelet, and anti-hypertensive activities. It is in clinical use for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and the emergency management of infants with patent ductus arteriosus. It has also been used in the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD).
Crystalline Solid
ChEBI: Prostaglandin E1 is a prostaglandins E. It has a role as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, a vasodilator agent, an anticoagulant and a human metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a prostaglandin E1(1-).
PGE1, Alprostadil (Prostin VR Pediatric), is a naturally occurring prostaglandin that has found particular use in maintaining a patent (opened) ductus arteriosus in infants with congenital defects that restrict pulmonary or systemic blood flow.Alprostadil must be administered intravenously continually at a rate of approximately 0.1 μg/kg/min to maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus until corrective surgery can be performed. Up to 80% of circulating alprostadil may be metabolized in a single pass through the lungs. Because apnea has been observed in 10% to 12% of neonates with congenital heart defects, this product should be administered only when ventilatory assistance is immediately available. Other commonly observed side effects include decreased arterial blood pressure, which should be monitored during infusion; inhibited platelet aggregation, which might aggravate bleeding tendencies; and diarrhea.