cas49557-75-7 GHK-Cu

Name:  Lynn
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Email：    guangsheng 5   @zgguangsheng.com

I. Core Properties & Formulation

1. Molecular & Structural Traits

• Core Sequence: Gly-His-Lys (GHK), a naturally occurring tripeptide fragment in human plasma and tissue fluids, with good biocompatibility in experimental models.
• Coordination Characteristic: The amino and imidazole groups in the GHK sequence form stable coordinate bonds with Cu²⁺, which not only maintains the structural stability of the peptide chain but also modulates the biological activity of the complex in cellular experiments.
• Molecular Parameters: Molecular formula C₁₄H₂₄CuN₈O₄, molecular weight 441.93 Da, CAS No. 49557-75-7; research-grade products have a purity of ≥98%, verified by HPLC and mass spectrometry.

2. Physical & Chemical Specifications

• Solubility: Good water solubility, can be reconstituted with sterile water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and other common laboratory solvents to form a clear and colorless solution, suitable for various in vitro and in vivo preclinical experimental systems.
• Stability: The complex has stable chemical properties under recommended storage conditions; it is sensitive to strong acid, strong alkali and high temperature, and needs to be protected from extreme environmental factors during handling.
• Appearance: Off-white to white lyophilized powder, uniform in texture without obvious agglomeration under normal observation.

3. Standard Storage & Handling Guidelines

• Unreconstituted Powder: Store at -20℃ in a desiccated, light-protected airtight container to prevent oxidation, moisture absorption and structural damage; avoid long-term exposure to room temperature and direct sunlight.
• Reconstituted Solution: After reconstitution to the required concentration, store at 2–8℃ and use within 24–48 hours; repeated freeze-thaw cycles are strictly prohibited to avoid the dissociation of the peptide-copper complex and loss of biological activity in experiments.
• Laboratory Operation: Aliquot the lyophilized powder into small portions before the first use to minimize repeated opening of the primary container; operate in a clean bench when preparing the solution to ensure aseptic conditions for experimental use.

II. Mechanism for Research Applications

1. Cellular Signal Pathway Modulation: Binds to specific membrane receptors on the surface of somatic cells in experimental models, activating downstream intracellular signal cascades, which is used to study the regulatory effects on cellular metabolic activity and signal transmission.
2. Peptide-Metal Ion Interaction Research: Serves as a typical model of small molecule peptide-copper coordination complex, for exploring the binding mode, structural stability and activity relationship of peptide ligands with transition metal ions.
3. Biomolecular Activity Exploration: In preclinical experiments, it is used to study the influence on the activity of intracellular antioxidant-related enzymes and biomacromolecules, and to explore the correlation between peptide-metal complexes and cellular redox balance in controlled settings.
4. Cellular Microenvironment Regulation: In in vitro cell culture models, it is used to investigate the regulatory effects on the proliferation, migration and matrix synthesis of somatic cells, providing experimental data for the research of biomolecular regulation of cellular microenvironment.

III. Key Research Applications

1. Peptide Chemistry & Coordination Chemistry Research: As a classic tripeptide-metal complex, it is used for the research of peptide-metal ion coordination mechanism, structural characterization and structure-activity relationship; it is also applied in the development of novel peptide-metal complex synthesis methods.
2. Cell Biology Experimental Research: Applied in in vitro cell culture models to study the regulatory effects of peptide-copper complexes on somatic cell proliferation, migration and functional activity; it is a common research tool for exploring the interaction between exogenous biomolecules and cells.
3. Biomolecular Activity Research: Used to investigate the influence of peptide-metal complexes on the activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes and biomacromolecules, and to explore the molecular mechanism of exogenous small molecule complexes regulating cellular biological functions.
4. Preclinical Formulation Development Research: Employed in the research of peptide preparation formulation optimization, to evaluate the stability, solubility and activity retention of GHK-Cu in different formulation systems, providing data support for the development of research-grade peptide-metal complex preparations.
5. Tissue Engineering Basic Research: In preclinical tissue engineering models, it is used to explore the regulatory effects of peptide-metal complexes on extracellular matrix synthesis and cellular adhesion, serving as a research tool for biomolecular modification of tissue engineering scaffolds.

IV. Laboratory Safety & Compliance Guidelines

1. This product is for laboratory research use only, and shall not be used for human consumption, cosmetic preparation, therapeutic application, veterinary use or any other non-research purposes.
2. Standard laboratory personal protective equipment (PPE) including disposable gloves, lab coat and safety goggles must be worn during handling to avoid direct contact with skin, mucous membranes and eyes.
3. In case of accidental exposure: Rinse the affected area thoroughly with a large amount of clean water for more than 15 minutes; if irritation, redness or other discomfort persists, seek professional laboratory medical advice in a timely manner.
4. Waste disposal: Unused lyophilized powder, expired reconstituted solution and experimental waste containing GHK-Cu shall be classified and disposed of in accordance with local and laboratory chemical waste disposal regulations, and shall not be randomly discharged.
5. Storage management: It shall be stored in a dedicated chemical reagent storage cabinet for low-temperature preservation, and managed in accordance with the laboratory's hazardous chemical reagent management system, with clear labeling of product name, concentration and storage date.