API Grade GUANFACINE HCL CAS 29110-48-3 purity: 99% Lowest price

Guanfacine hydrochloride More Info

Guanfacine hydrochloride is a synthetic compound classified as a selective α2A-adrenergic receptor agonist. Initially developed and approved for the management of hypertension in adults, its therapeutic application has significantly expanded over time. The hydrochloride salt form enhances the stability and water solubility of the base guanfacine, making it suitable for oral pharmaceutical formulations. Its mechanism of action in the central nervous system involves postsynaptic receptor activation in the prefrontal cortex, which modulates neuronal signaling and improves regulatory control over attention, emotions, and behavior. This distinct central activity, separate from its peripheral cardiovascular effects, underpins its use in neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Uses and Applications

The primary applications of guanfacine hydrochloride span both cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric therapeutics. It is used as an antihypertensive agent, often in combination with other drugs, for managing high blood pressure through its central sympatholytic effect. A major and expanding use is in the treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents, where it is approved as both a monotherapy and an adjunct to stimulant medications. It is also prescribed for the management of tic disorders, including Tourette syndrome. The medication is formulated into immediate-release and extended-release tablets to accommodate different dosing regimens and therapeutic needs, allowing for tailored treatment approaches.

Application Market

The market for guanfacine hydrochloride is well-established within the neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular pharmaceutical sectors. Following patent expirations, it is available as both branded (e.g., Intuniv® for ADHD) and generic products, making it accessible across diverse healthcare systems. The market is global, with strong presence in North America, Europe, and parts of Asia, driven by the high prevalence of ADHD and the need for non-stimulant treatment options. Distribution channels include retail pharmacies, hospital formularies, and specialized mental health clinics. Its market position is characterized by its role as a second-line or adjunctive therapy for hypertension and a valuable non-stimulant option for ADHD.

Important Considerations

Clinical use of guanfacine hydrochloride requires careful dose initiation and monitoring. Common side effects include sedation, drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, and constipation, which often diminish with continued therapy. Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided due to the risk of rebound hypertension; a gradual tapering of the dose is necessary. It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity and should be used with caution in those with cardiovascular, hepatic, or renal impairment. Drug interactions are possible with other central nervous system depressants and antihypertensive agents. Patients and caregivers should be educated about proper administration, the importance of consistent dosing, and the potential for sedation affecting activities requiring mental alertness.