Spot-on β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide enhances metabolism. High-quality, high-purity peptide-based drug at 99% (NAD)

   Description

        Name:lisa   

       Whatsapp：+85292488945

       Whatsapp：+85292488945

        Product Detail

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) powder is a cofactor that is central to metabolism. Found in all living cells, NAD powder is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine nucleobase and the other nicotinamide. NAD powder exists in two forms: an oxidized and reduced form, abbreviated as NAD+ and NADH respectively.

NAD+ primarily functions as an essential coenzyme in redox reactions, acting as an electron carrier. It cycles between an oxidized form (NAD+) and a reduced form (NADH):

Redox Reactions: NAD+ accepts electrons (in the form of a hydride ion) from metabolic substrates during processes like glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. This electron transfer is crucial for ATP production and energy metabolism.

Enzymatic Cofactor: NAD+ serves as a cofactor for various dehydrogenase enzymes, facilitating oxidation-reduction reactions essential for cellular respiration and biosynthesis.

Substrate for NAD+-Dependent Enzymes: Beyond redox roles, NAD+ is a substrate for enzymes involved in post-translational modifications, including sirtuins (protein deacetylases), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), and ADP-ribosyl cyclases, which regulate DNA repair, gene expression, and calcium signaling.

RNA Capping: NAD+ can be incorporated as a non-canonical cap at the 5′ end of RNA transcripts, influencing RNA stability and gene expression regulation.

         Biosynthesis and Metabolism

NAD+ levels in cells are maintained through multiple pathways:

De Novo Synthesis: NAD+ can be synthesized from dietary amino acids like tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway.

Preiss-Handler Pathway: Converts dietary nicotinic acid (NA) into NAD+ through intermediate steps.

Salvage Pathway: The predominant pathway in most cells, recycling nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide riboside (NR), and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) back into NAD+ to maintain cellular levels. The rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway is nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT).

Methylation and Excretion: Excess NAM is methylated by nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and ultimately excreted, regulating NAD+ homeostasis.

        Physiological Roles  

Energy Metabolism: NAD+ is indispensable for glycolysis, TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, enabling efficient ATP production.

Redox Homeostasis: Maintains cellular redox balance by cycling between NAD+ and NADH.

DNA Repair and Genomic Stability: Serves as a substrate for PARPs involved in DNA repair mechanisms.

Regulation of Gene Expression: Through sirtuins, NAD+ influences chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation.

Immune Response and Inflammation: Modulates immune cell function and inflammatory processes.

Circadian Rhythm: NAD+ levels influence circadian clock regulation via sirtuin activity.

Aging and Disease: Dysregulation or depletion of NAD+ is linked to aging, metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.

       Pharmacokinetics and Cellular Distribution

NAD+ is compartmentalized within cells in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus, with distinct pools regulated independently.

It is synthesized and recycled intracellularly, with limited direct uptake from extracellular sources. Oral NAD+ precursors like NR and NMN are metabolized to NAM before contributing to NAD+ pools.

NAD+ has a relatively short half-life and is rapidly turned over due to its consumption by NAD+-dependent enzymes.

When storing peptides, remember to:

• Store peptide in a cold, dry, dark place

• Avoid repeated freezing and thawing of peptide

• Avoid overexposure to the air

• Avoid light exposure

• Avoid storing peptides in solution long term

• Aliquot peptide according to experimental requirements

    Product Advantages

1.High-purity raw materials: Selecting top-quality raw materials and applying advanced extraction and purification techniques, we ensure that the NAD+ in the product is of high purity, with few impurities, and has a high biological utilization rate. It can be efficiently absorbed and utilized by the human body, fully exerting its efficacy.

2. Scientific formula: Based on extensive scientific research and clinical trials, it is carefully combined with other beneficial ingredients such as B vitamins and minerals, which work in synergy with NAD+ to further enhance the product's efficacy and provide comprehensive care for overall health.

3. Stringent Quality Inspection: Adhering to strict quality control standards, every stage from raw material procurement to production processing and final product shipment undergoes rigorous testing to ensure the safety and reliability of the product quality, allowing users to use it with confidence.

Company Profile  

Our company is a modern advanced enterprise specializing in production and exportation of APIs, Pharmaceutical intermediates, plant extracts etc. Our products are widely used in medicine, health care products, cosmetics, nutritional supplements and food additives areas. Our factory covers an area of 95 acres, the proposed construction of the plant will be GMP standards, the factory environment clean and tidy, rational layout, with large and medium-sized production workshop and repocessed shop. It is equipped with advanced equipment quality inspection and research center. Those products of both quality and technical content have reached the domestic advanced level. Since its establishment, the company has attached great importance to the team training and technical reform. Our modern production equipment guarantees for a fast and effective production with a superior degree of accuracy throughout the whole production line, everything is done in-house, processing, extraction, packaging and transportation of all links, ensuring maximum quality and efficiency. We are constantly research and development new ingredients and innovative new products, have earned the respect & Admiration from the worldwide customers. After years of continuous development, company has been accumulated rich experience in international trade and customer resources, established a stable customer base and perfect marketing service network. In addition, the company has established long-term technical cooperation with experts and professors from many universities and research institutes in the province.