High Purity Kisspeptin-10 Peptide Raw Material Pharmaceutical Grade Research Grade Powder CAS 374675-21-5

Kisspeptin-10 More Info

Kisspeptin-10 (human) is a decapeptide that serves as the primary active fragment of the kisspeptin protein, which is encoded by the KISS1 gene. It is composed of ten amino acids with the sequence H-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH₂, giving it a molecular formula of C₆₃H₈₃N₁₇O₁₄ and a molecular weight of approximately 1302.5 g/mol. As the shortest endogenous kisspeptin fragment that retains full biological activity, this C-terminal amidated peptide is a crucial ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor 54, also known as KISS1R or GPR54. The peptide is typically encountered as a lyophilized white powder, often in an acetate or trifluoroacetate salt form, and is stored at -20°C in dessicated conditions to maintain stability.

The binding of kisspeptin-10 to its receptor, GPR54, triggers a complex intracellular signaling cascade primarily through the Gαq/11 pathway, leading to the activation of phospholipase C. This results in the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP₂) into inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) and diacylglycerol (DAG), subsequently mobilizing intracellular calcium and activating protein kinase C (PKC). This signaling pathway is paramount for the stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus, which is the central regulatory hub for the reproductive axis. By stimulating GnRH release, kisspeptin-10 indirectly drives the pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

As a master regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, kisspeptin-10 is essential for puberty onset, reproductive function, and fertility. Clinically, it has emerged as a powerful tool for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in reproductive medicine. For instance, exogenous administration of kisspeptin-10 can stimulate LH release in a dose-dependent manner in healthy humans, offering a potential method to assess the functional integrity of the HPG axis in patients with reproductive disorders. Research has shown its potential to trigger oocyte maturation during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, presenting a novel alternative to traditional triggers like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), with a potentially lower risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

The pharmacokinetic profile of kisspeptin-10 is defined by its nature as a small peptide, which leads to rapid degradation by proteolytic enzymes in the bloodstream, resulting in a very short plasma half-life. In clinical research, this transient activity is managed by continuous or repeated administration to achieve sustained hormonal responses. Research has demonstrated that while kisspeptin-10 potently stimulates gonadotropin release, the effect is subject to desensitization, which may be influenced by the sex steroid environment. Despite its potent downstream effects on sex hormones, the peptide itself is not a controlled substance in most jurisdictions and is readily available for research.

In the laboratory setting, working with kisspeptin-10 requires adherence to specific protocols to preserve its integrity. The lyophilized peptide should be stored at -20°C, protected from light, and allowed to warm to room temperature before opening. For reconstitution, it is recommended to first dissolve the peptide in water, then dilute to the desired concentration using a buffer such as phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or cell culture media, with vortexing used gently if necessary. While typical safety data sheets do not classify the peptide as hazardous, it is a highly bioactive substance capable of profoundly affecting reproductive endocrinology; therefore, standard precautions for handling biological materials should be observed. It is strictly intended for laboratory research use only and not for human therapeutic, diagnostic, or veterinary applications unless explicitly approved under a clinical protocol.

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