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Metformin hydrochloride1115-70-4

Name: Metformin hydrochloride1115-70-4
Brand: OORENT
SKU: pr2610091289
Price: 33 USD
Availability: InStock

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$33-34/MT FOB

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CAS No.:

1115-70-4

Grade:

Pharmaceutical Grade

Content:

99.5%

Port:

shanghai

Brand:

OORENT

Packaging:

Vial/Bottle/Bag/Carton

Sample Available:

Yes

Price valid (until):

2026-11-09

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Qingdao Orient Chemical Co.,LTD

Company Type:

Trader

Location:

China

Payment Terms:

100% TT in advance

Average Lead Time:

10 days

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pharmaceutical intermediates,peptides,electronic chemicals

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Product Description
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Description

Metformin hydrochloride Basic information

Oral hypoglycemic agents Adverse effects and precautions Chemical Properties Application Production method

Product Name:	Metformin hydrochloride
Synonyms:	1,1-dimethyl-biguanidhydrochloride;diabefagos;diformin;dimethylbiguanidehydrochloride;Dimethyldiguanidinehydrochloride;GLUCOPHAGE;DIABETOSAN;DIABEX
CAS:	1115-70-4
MF:	C4H12ClN5
MW:	165.62
EINECS:	214-230-6
Product Categories:	API's;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;Miscellaneous Compounds;Aerobic Glycolysis (the Warburg Effect);Cancer Metabolism;Inhibitors and Activators of the AMPK pathway;Inhibitors of Aerobic Glycolysis (the Warburg Effect);Building Blocks;Cancer Research;Chemical Synthesis;Guanidines;FORTAMET;Inhibitors;Nitrogen Compounds;Organic Building Blocks;API;Diabetes Research;1115-70-4
Mol File:	1115-70-4.mol

Metformin hydrochloride Chemical Properties

Melting point	223-226 °C(lit.)
density	1.36[at 20℃]
vapor pressure	0.001Pa at 25℃
Fp	9℃
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in acetone and in methylene chloride
pka	12.4[at 20 ℃]
form	Powder
color	White
Water Solubility	Soluble in water (50 mg/ml), ethanol, and DMSO (50 mM).
λmax	233nm(H2O)(lit.)
Merck	14,5938
Henry's Law Constant	1.3×10¹⁰ mol/(m³Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015)
BCS Class	3
Stability:	Stable for 2 years from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or distilled water may be stored at -20° for up to 2 months.
InChI	1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H
InChIKey	OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	Cl[H].CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N
LogP	-3.5 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference	1115-70-4(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	Xn,T,F
Risk Statements	22-36/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
Safety Statements	26-36-45-36/37-16-7
RIDADR	UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	DU1800000
HS Code	29252900
Storage Class	11 - Combustible Solids
Hazard Classifications	Acute Tox. 4 Oral Eye Irrit. 2
Hazardous Substances Data	1115-70-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity	LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 1000 orally, 300 s.c. (Rx Bulletin)

MSDS Information

Provider	Language
SigmaAldrich	English

Metformin hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis

Oral hypoglycemic agents	Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide oral hypoglycemic agent , also known as Glucophage, its hypoglycemic effect is weaker than phenformin, the main role is to reduce the glucagon secretion of A cells ,and to promote the conversion of glucose to glycogen, its characteristic effect including that it does not stimulate pancreatic β-cells to secrete insulin . The follows are hypoglycemic mechanisms: 1. Increasing the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, increase insulin-mediated glucose utilization. 2. Increasing glucose utilization of non-insulin-dependent tissues, such as brain, blood cells, kidney medulla, intestine, skin and so on. 3. Inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis effect , reducing hepatic glucose output. 4. Inhibiting glucose uptake by intestinal cells. 5. Inhibiting the biosynthesis and storage of cholesterol , lowering blood triglycerides and total cholesterol levels. Metformin hydrochloride is clinically used for the treatment of type Ⅱ diabetes patients who are not satisfied with simple diet control, especially patients with obesity and hyperinsulinemia, usage of this drug not only displays no hypoglycemic effect, but also there may be weight loss and hyperinsulinemia effect. For some patients with poor efficacy of sulfonylurea ,it may be effective, if it is used with hypoglycemic drugs including sulfonylurea, intestinal glucosidase inhibitors or thiazolidinediones, the results are better than used alone. It can also be used in patients with insulin therapy to reduce the amount of insulin. At present, domestic manufacturer mainly include the American Shanghai Squibb Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd .
Adverse effects and precautions	Biguanide oral hypoglycemic agents can increase glucose utilization of surrounding tissues and inhibit the intestinal absorption of glucose, and inhibit glycogen gluconeogenesis and hepatic glucose output,it is mainly applied to obesity, dyslipidemia, type II diabetes patients. It almost has no hypoglycemic effect for normal persons , 2 to 3 hours after taking for diabetes patients ,glucose decreases significantly. Commonly used oral hypoglycemic agents include phenformin and metformin hydrochloride. The incidence of adverse effects of metformin hydrochloride is higher than tolbutamide , common gastrointestinal reactions are anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, occasional metallic taste in the mouth, bad breath, nausea, loss of appetite and diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions, sometimes hypoglycemia is visible . Since the biguanide drugs enhance sugar anaerobic glycolysis, and inhibit glycogen generation, small number of patients may suffer with ketosis or lactic acidosis, which should be particularly vigilant, but metformin effect is weak , adverse reactions are only 1/50 of other biguanides, and it has rapid clearance, there are no accumulation in the liver, it rarely induces lactic acidosis, sometimes there is mild increase in blood lactate. patients with heart, liver, kidney diseases are prone to these adverse reactions, diabetes patients with these types of complications are hanged. It can reduce the absorption of vitamin B12, but it seldom causes anemia. The following cases are contraindications: 1. Pregnant and lactating women, children under 10 years of age, 80 years of age or older. 2. Diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome, diabetes lactic acidosis. 3. Severe liver and kidney dysfunction, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine higher than normal, hypovolemic shock, heart failure, AMI, in vivo hypoxic condition such as heart failure, pulmonary insufficiency, or any systemic hypoxia circumstances and other serious heart and lung diseases. 4. Severe infection or trauma, major surgery, clinical hypotension , hypoxia and so on. 5. Complications with severe diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. When there are symptoms,the drug should be immediately discontinued; cimetidine can reduce the renal excretion of metformin hydrochloride, agar types can reduce the absorption of metformin, patients must check liver and kidney function and cardiac ketones regularly. 6. Alcoholics, vitamin B12 and folate deficiency which are not corrected.
Chemical Properties	White crystal or crystalline powder. Melting point 232 ℃ (218-220 ℃). Soluble in water, dissolved in methanol, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether and chloroform. Odorless, bitter taste.
Application	The product belongs to hypoglycemic agents. It can be used in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes to reduce fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia, HbAlc can be decreased by 1% to 2%, hypoglycemic mechanism of this product may be: I increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization . II increase glucose utilization of non-insulin dependent tissues, such as brain, blood cells, kidney medulla, intestine, skin and the like. III inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis effect, reduce hepatic glucose output. IV inhibit glucose uptake by intestinal cells. Indications: For mild diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride is an anti-diabetic agent, reducing blood glucose levels, and improving insulin sensitivity. Its metabolites (including the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis) is activated through LKB1-AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) path. Hypoglycemic agents, it is used for non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Rat oral LD50 of 1000 mg/kg.
Production method	After the salifying of dimethylamine and the reaction with dicyandiamide , the product is derived.
Description	Metformin is a biguanide with diverse biological activities. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) increases hepatic AMPK activity and reduces blood glucose by more than 50% in a liver kinase B1-dependent manner in mice fed normal and high-fat diets, respectively, and reduces blood glucose by 40% in ob/ob mice. It reduces weight gain, hepatic lipid droplet content, and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the plasma of diet-induced obese mice when administered at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg per day. It also reverses increased hepatic triglyceride and apolipoprotein A5 levels, as well as hepatic steatosis, in a dose-dependent manner in an ob/ob mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metformin (250 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in an HCT116 p53^-\- human colon cancer mouse xenograft model, but has no effect on HCT116 p53^-\- tumors overexpressing recombinant S. cerevisiae Ndi1 NADH dehydrogenase, a single-subunit ortholog of the multi-subunit mammalian mitochondrial complex I. Formulations containing metformin have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Chemical Properties	Crystalline Solid
Originator	Diabetex ,Germania
Uses	An oral hypoglycemic agent
Uses	Anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activity
Uses	Metformin hydrochloride may be used as a pharmaceutical primary standard for the determination of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma samples by analytical techniques.
Uses	1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride is used as an antidiabetic agent, used in polycystic ovary syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes mellitus type 2. It may also reduce weight gain in people taking atypical antipsychotics, used in a study to investigate its role in enhancing the secretions of plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels.
Definition	ChEBI: A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of metformin with one molar equivalent of hydrogen chloride.
Manufacturing Process	The boiling mixture of 1,000 L xylene, 450 kg dimethylamine and 840 kg dicyanamide was added 365 kg hydrogene chloride. Yield of biguanide, 1,1- dimethyl-, hydrochloride 1,588 kg (96%). Biguanide, 1,1-dimethyl-, hydrochloride may be recrystallysed from methanol.
Brand name	Fortamet (Andrx); Glucophage (Bristol-Myers Squibb); Glumetza (Depomed); Riomet(Ranbaxy).
Therapeutic Function	Oral hypoglycemic
General Description	1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (metformin) is a strong base. It forms well defined salts and possessing excellent coordination capacity with transition metals, forming highly colored bidentate chelate complexes. Metformin (MET) exists in various forms: diprotonated (H₂MET)²⁺ in strong acidic solution, monoprotonated (HMET)⁺ in weak acid, MET in neutral and deprotonated (MET)^- in strong alkali solution. It is an oral antidiabetic drug. Pharmacokinetics of metformin has been studied. Determination of metformin in human plasma has been described by simple HPLC-UV method. Metformin is reported to increase plasma active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans.
Flammability and Explosibility	Non flammable
Biological Activity	Antidiabetic agent; lowers plasma glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis via activation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway. Displays antiproliferative effects in cancer cell lines.
Biochem/physiol Actions	Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Its metabolic effects, including the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, are mediated at least in part by activation of the LKB1-AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) pathway. Activation of this pathway also appears to be involved in the antiproliferative and proapoptotic actions of metformin in cancer cell lines.
Clinical Use	Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus Polycystic ovary syndrome
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments	Metformin may be useful in the adjunctive treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in cats. Only limited trials of the drug have been performed in cats, with only very limited success when the drug is used alone. Studies comparing its safety and efficacy with other oral antihyperglycemics (e.g., glipizide or insulin) were not located.
Drug interactions	Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs Alcohol: increased risk of lactic acidosis. Cimetidine: inhibits renal excretion of metformin
Metabolism	Metformin is not metabolised to any great extent, and is entirely excreted unchanged in the urine.
storage	Room temperature
References	[1] ZHOU G, MYERS R W, LI Y, et al. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action.[J]. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2001, 1 1: 0. DOI:10.1172/jci13505 [2] REUBEN J. SHAW. The Kinase LKB1 Mediates Glucose Homeostasis in Liver and Therapeutic Effects of Metformin[J]. Science, 2005, 310 5754. DOI:10.1126/science.1120781 [3] W-Y SHI. Therapeutic metformin/AMPK activation blocked lymphoma cell growth via inhibition of mTOR pathway and induction of autophagy[J]. Cell Death & Disease, 2012, 3 3: e275-e275. DOI:10.1038/cddis.2012.13 [4] DANIELA FORTUNATO RÊGO. Anti-tumor effects of metformin on head and neck carcinoma cell lines: A systematic review.[J]. Oncology Letters, 2017, 13 2: 554-566. DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.5526 [5] SO-YOUNG LEE. PGC1α Activators Mitigate Diabetic Tubulopathy by Improving Mitochondrial Dynamics and Quality Control.[J]. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2017: 6483572. DOI:10.1155/2017/6483572 [6] ZHI ZHENG. Sirtuin 1-mediated cellular metabolic memory of high glucose via the LKB1/AMPK/ROS pathway and therapeutic effects of metformin.[J]. Diabetes, 2012, 61 1: 217-228. DOI:10.2337/db11-0416 [7] NIKITA KATILA . Metformin lowers α-synuclein phosphorylation and upregulates neurotrophic factor in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neuropharmacology, 2017, 125: Pages 396-407. DOI:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.015 [8] ANTHONY P. COLL. GDF15 mediates the effects of metformin on body weight and energy balance[J]. Nature, 2019, 578 7795: 444-448. DOI:10.1038/s41586-019-1911-y

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ECHEMI Editorial Reference

Metformin (hydrochloride) is an FDA approved first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, mostly through a mild and transient inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory-chain complex 1.

Basic Info

Product Name:

Metformin hydrochloride

Other Name:

Imidodicarbonimidic diamide,N,N-dimethyl-,hydrochloride (1:1);Biguanide,1,1-dimethyl-,monohydrochloride;Imidodicarbonimidic diamide,N,N-dimethyl-,monohydrochloride;Biguanide,1,1-dimethyl-,hydrochloride;Metformin hydrochloride;N,N-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride;1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride;Meguan;N1,N1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride;Diabefagos;Glucophage;Glyformin;LA 6023;Dabex;Denkaform;Dextin;Diabetmin;Diabex;Apophage;Benofomin;Diformin Retard;Dimefor;Fornidd;Geamet;Glucaminol;Glucofago;Glucomet;Glucomine;Glucoform;Glucomin;Gluconil;Glucophage 850;Glucophage Forte;Glucophage-Mite;Glucophage Retard;Gludepatic;Glufor;Gluformin;Glumeformin;Glumin;Glupermin;Glyciphage;Glycon;Metforal;Metomin;Miformin;Orabet;Siamformet;Walaphage;Diaformin;Diformin;Glyceriphage;Diabetosan;Dialon;Glucophage XR;N,N-Dimethylbiguanidinium chloride;Apo-Metformin;Brot;Glumetza;Glifage;Glucophage SR;Melbin;N,N-Dimethylbiguanidine monohydrochloride;Glucoformin;Riomet;Glumin XR;Metgluco;Neodipa;Diabetmim;FORTAMET;Obimat-SR;15537-72-1;56258-19-6;144377-16-2

CAS No.:

1115-70-4

Molecular Formula:

C4H11N5.ClH

InChIKeys:

InChIKey=OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight:

165.62500

Exact Mass:

165.07800

EC Number:

605-006-2

HScode:

2925290090

Categories:

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Characteristics

PSA:

88.99000

XLogP3:

1.05850

Appearance:

crystalline solid

Melting Point:

232 °C

Boiling Point:

224.1ºC at 760 mmHg

Flash Point:

89.3ºC

Water Solubility:

In water, 1.06X10+6 mg/L (miscible) at 25 deg C (est)

Storage Conditions:

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Recommended storage temperature 2 - 8 deg C. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non Combustible Solids. /Metformin hydrochloride/

Vapor Pressure:

0.0929mmHg at 25°C

See More Metformin hydrochloride Properties 

Hazard Identification

Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Precautionary statement(s)
Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
Response	P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help. P330 Rinse mouth.
Storage	none
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.

Other hazards which do not result in classification

no data available

Handling and Storage

Precautions for safe handling

Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Recommended storage temperature 2 - 8 deg C. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non Combustible Solids. Metformin hydrochloride

See More Metformin hydrochloride Safety Data Sheet 

Seller Information

Business Type:
Trader

Main Products:
pharmaceutical intermediates,peptides,electronic chemicals

Location:
Room 102, 1st Floor, East Office Building, No. 45 Pengwan Road, Qianwan Bonded Port Area, Qingdao Zone, China (Shandong) Pilot Free Trade Zone

Payment Terms:
100% TT in advance

Average lead Time:
10 days

Total Annual Revenue:
$10 million-$25 million

Total Employees:
51-100

Year of Establishment:
2024

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We are mainly specilized in supply of pharmaceutical intermediates, electronic chemicals，food additives, and other fine chemical products.
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Website: orientchem.cc
Email: scarlett@orientchem.cc
WhatsApp: +86 17753254221

Inquiry History

11 Inquiries

Country	Product	Purchase Quantity	Date Posted
United Kingdom	Metformin	1 KG	Sep 25, 2025
United Kingdom	Metformin HCL powder Stock	1 KG	Sep 26, 2025
India	Metformin HCl	20 MT	Jun 2, 2026
Bangladesh	Metformin Hydrochloride	50000 KG	Aug 28, 2026
Germany	Metformin hydrochloride	1 KG	Oct 1, 2026
Pakistan	Metformin HCl	25 KG	Aug 26, 2026
Bangladesh	Metformin HCL BP	40.00 MT	Nov 10, 2023
Pakistan	Metformin Hydrochloride	500 KG	Oct 13, 2025
India	Metformin HCl	17 MT	Jul 25, 2025
Pakistan	Metformin Hydrochloride	3000 KG	Jun 20, 2025
Bangladesh	Metformin HCL BP (As ApI)	40 MT	Nov 24, 2023

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Metformin hydrochloride1115-70-4

Product Description

Seller Information

Inquiry History

Classification of the substance or mixture

GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Other hazards which do not result in classification

Precautions for safe handling

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

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