Flumetsulam

325.29400

325.29

619-383-6

X89F0S6LW8

DTXSID4032615

White powder|Off-white solid|Off-white to tan solid

97.63000

2.66550

1.66g/cm3

252 °C

199.4 °F

1.703

1.50e-04 M

0-6ºC

2.78e-12 mmHg

LD50 in rats (mg/kg): >5000 orally; in rabbits (mg/kg): >2000 dermally (Kleschick, 1992)

Odorless

pKa = 4.6

MP: 253 °C. VP: 2.8X10-15 mm Hg at 25 °C

UN 3077 9 / PGIII

3

20-50-57

61

Xi

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

P273

H332-H400

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Incompatible materials: Reducing agents, acids and bases, oxidizing agents.

USEPA; Interim Registration Review Decision for Flumetsulam, Docket Number EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0625 (March 2015)[Available from, as of July 9, 2018: https://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=chemicalsearch:1]

|Warning|H332 (15.26%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]|P261, P271, P273, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 252 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

Eye/face protection: Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator. For higher level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK-P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.|Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.|Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Nonirritating to eye, skin.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Flumetsulam is a broad-spectrum, season-long herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds in soybeans, corn, and other major crops. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: Flumetsulam did not induce sensitization following dermal exposure in mice. Beagle dogs were fed flumetsulam at nominal dosages of 100-1000 mg/kg/day (males) or 1500 or 2500 mg/kg/day (females) for 2 weeks. In females, degeneration and regeneration of the renal tubular epithelial cells, and lymphocytic infiltration of hepatic sinusoids were reported. In mice fed flumetsulam for 2 weeks, decreased kidney weights were reported in males at dietary concentrations of 1.5 and 3.0% and in females given 3.0%, which corresponded to dosages >3500 mg/kg/day. In rats, dietary exposure to concentrations of up to 5% (approximately 6000 mg/kg/day) for 2-4 weeks identified the kidney as the primary target organ. Effects in the kidneys consisted of focal necrosis and inflammation of the papilla(e), and tubular epithelial cell degeneration and regeneration. The dog appeared to be the most sensitive species to long-term exposure to flumetsulam. Administration of dosages of 500 mg/kg/day in the diet for 1 year produced inflammatory and atrophic changes in the kidney, accompanied by calculi in females. There was no evidence of a tumorigenic or carcinogenic response in either rats or mice at dosages up to 1000 mg/kg/day in a 2-year study. Gavage administration of flumetsulam to pregnant rabbits at dosages of 500-700 mg/kg/day produced dose-related episodes of anorexia, with sequelae secondary to the altered nutritional status, but no embryo-fetotoxicity or teratogenicity accompanied these maternal effects. No evidence of maternal toxicity, embryo-fetotoxicity ot teratogenicity was observed in rats following exposure of pregnant females to 1000 mg/kg/day in the diet, though the weights of the ceca were increased, consistent with effects noted in previous dietary studies. No parental toxicity or alterations in reproductive performance occurred in rats given up to 1000 mg/kg/day over two generations. Flumetsulam was negative for mutagenic activity in an in vivo bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), an in vitro cytogenetic assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO/HGPRT assay), an in vitro rat hepatocyte unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay, and an in vivo cytogenetic assay in mouse bone marrow cells.

LC50 Rat inhalation 1.2 mg/L/4 hr|LD50 Rabbit dermal >2000 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral >5000 mg/kg

Flumetsulam's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its use as an herbicide(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 4.3-182(2-4), indicate that flumetsulam is expected to have very high to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of flumetsulam is 4.6(5), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(6). Koc values for neutral and anion forms of flumetsulam were reported as 650 and 121, respectively(7. Volatilization of the anion from moist soil is not expected because anions do not volatilize(SRC). Volatilization of neutral flumetsulam from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.1X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 2.78X10-12 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 565 mg/L(8). Flumetsulam is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(5). Biodegradation half-lives of flumetsulam in soil were reported as 13-246 days(2,9).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 4.3-182(2-4), indicate that flumetsulam is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 4.6(5) indicates flumetsulam will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces of the anion is not expected(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces of neutral flumetsulam is not expected(6) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.1X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.78X10-12 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 565 mg/L(7). Flumetsulam did not hydrolyze after 2 months in aqueous solutions buffered to pH 5, 7 and 9(2). According to a classification scheme(8), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.21(5) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Flumetsulam had a biodegradation half-life of 183 days in a water/sediment matrix incubated under anaerobic conditions(10).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), flumetsulam, which has a vapor pressure of 2.78X10-12 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase flumetsulam may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Flumetsulam contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Flumetsulam did not hydrolyze after 2 months in aqueous solutions buffered to pH 5, 7 and 9(1). Flumetsulam contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for flumetsulam(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.21(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

28.18 L/kg|Koc values of 5-75 were reported in 21 soils(1), 4.3-44 in seven soils(2) and 5-182(3). The Koc of neutral and anion forms of flumetsulam were reported as 650 and 121, respectively(4). According to a classification scheme(5), these reported Koc values suggest that flumetsulam is expected to have very high to low in soil. The pKa of flumetsulam is 4.6(6), indicating that this compound will exist partially in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(7).|The Koc for flumetsulam in seven varying soils was measured. Organic matter content and pH are both important factors in the behavior of flumetsulam in soil(1).[Table#8526]

A pKa of 4.6(1) indicates flumetsulam will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization of the anion from water surfaces is not expected(SRC). The Henry's Law constant for flumetsulam is estimated as 2.1X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.78X10-12 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 565 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that neutral flumetsulam is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(3). Flumetsulam is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

GROUNDWATER: Water quality data compiled from the Retrieval (STORET) Data Warehouse and the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) reports flumetsulam was detected at 6.6-803 ng/L in 105 ground water samples collected 2000-2018(1).|DRINKING WATER: Water quality data compiled from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) reports flumetsulam was not detected (detection limit 0.011-0.06 ug/L) in 95 drinking water samples collected 2000-2018(1).|SURFACE WATER: Flumetsulam was detected in 82 of 129 surface water samples collected in 1998 from rivers and reservoirs in Midwestern US at 0.020-0.358 ug/L(1). Flumetsulam was detected at 0.03 ug/L in surface water samples collected Jun 17, 1998 from Nishnabotna River near Hamburg, IA(2). Water quality data compiled from the Retrieval (STORET) Data Warehouse and the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) reports flumetsulam was detected at 1.66-6810 ng/L in 1245 surface water samples collected 2000-2018(3). Flumetsulam was detected in 59 of 150, 16 of 120 and 45 of 129 samples at respective concentrations of 1.18-1100, 1.42-22.4 and 0.67-233 ng/L collected from 15 sites in southern Ontario, Canada in 2006, 2007 and 2008(4).|RAIN: Water quality data compiled from the Retrieval (STORET) Data Warehouse reports flumetsulam was not detected (detected limit 50 ng/L) in 44 rain water samples collected 2000-2018(1).

Occupational exposure to flumetsulam may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where flumetsulam is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population is not expected to be exposed to flumetsulam. (SRC)

Flumetsulam was rapidly, though incompletely, absorbed in mice and rats, with absorption half-lives of less than 1 hr following oral administration of doses of either 5 or 1000 mg/kg. Excretion was also rapid, with a urinary half-life of approximately 5-7 hr. Following oral administration of (14)C-flumetsulam, approximately 50-75% of the administered radiolabel was excreted in the urine primarily as unchanged parent material, though two minor (<20% of urinary radiolabel) metabolites, believed to be conjugates of parent flumetsulam, were found in the urine of mice. Approximately 20-35% of the dose was found in the feces, which represented apparently unabsorbed flumetsulam (based on almost total elimination in the urine of an intravenous dose to rats) and tissue levels of (14)C accounted for less than 1.5% of the administered dose. There were no differences in absorption, distribution or elimination based on sex, though slight differences were seen with increasing dose.

Following oral administration of (14)C-flumetsulam, approximately 50-75% of the administered radiolabel was excreted in the urine primarily as unchanged parent material, though two minor (<20% of urinary radiolabel) metabolites, believed to be conjugates of parent flumetsulam, were found in the urine of mice.

Flumetsulam was rapidly, though incompletely, absorbed in mice and rats, with absorption half-lives of less than 1 hr following oral administration of doses of either 5 or 1000 mg/kg. Excretion was also rapid, with a urinary half-life of approximately 5-7 hr.

Mode of action: inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS (acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS).

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

flumetsulam

AX Acetochlor + 2 Herbicide (Axion AG Products, LLC): Active ingredient: clopyralid 4.27%; acetochlor 41.67; and flumetsulam 1.3%.|Flumetsulam 98% Milled Concentrate (Dow Agrosciences, LLC): Active ingredient: flumetsulam 98.0%.|Broadstrike (Dow Agrosciences, LLC): Active ingredient: flumetsulam 74.9%.|Hornet (Dow Agrosciences, LLC): Active ingredient: clopyralid 62.5% and flumetsulam 23.1%.|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for Flumetsulam (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Registration Notes: Outside USA: Broadstrike, Scorpion, Preside in Argentina. Broadstrike Dual Magnum and Fieldstar in Canada.

Method: USGS-NWQL O-2060-01; Procedure: high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Analyte: flumetsulam; Matrix: water; Detection Limit: 0.0057 ug/L.|The available analytical enforcement method (GC/MS method) is considered adequate for tolerance enforcement of flumetsulam in plant commodities.|In this work, the combined use of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and on-line preconcentration strategies as normal stacking mode (NSM) and stacking with matrix removal (SWMR) for the ultrasensitive and simultaneous capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet analysis (CE-UV) of five triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide pesticides (i.e., diclosulam, cloransulam-methyl, flumetsulam, metosulam and florasulam) in different types of water is investigated. An adequate separation electrolyte for the separation and stacking of these pesticides was obtained, considering also its compatibility with MS detection, which consisted of 24 mM formic acid and 16 mM ammonium carbonate at pH 6.4. It was observed that the use of this running buffer together with the SWMR preconcentration method provided the best results in terms of sensitivity (between 6.54 and 11.9 ug/L) and peak efficiency (up to 550000 theoretical plates per meter, NTP/m). When this on-line preconcentration procedure was combined with an off-line sample preconcentration step as SPE using C18 cartridges, the selected herbicides could be detected in the ng/L range. The optimized SPE-SWMR-CE-UV method was applied to the determination of the selected group of pesticides in spiked and non-spiked mineral and stagnant waters. Recoveries ranged between 55 and 110% and limits of detection between 131 and 342 ng/L. This work shows the great possibilities of the combined use of SPE-SWMR-CE-UV to overcome the sensitivity problems usually linked to CE analysis.|In this work, a combined methodology using off-line solid-phase extraction (SPE), on-line field-enhanced sample injection (FESI) and coelectroosmotic capillary electrophoresis with UV detection (CE-UV) is developed for the trace analysis of five triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide pesticides (i.e., flumetsulam, florasulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam and metosulam). An adequate background electrolyte (BGE) was obtained for the separation of these pesticides using hexadimethrine bromide (HDB) as electroosmotic flow (EOF) modifier. This BGE consisted of 0.00042% HDB, 11 mM formic acid, 16 mM ammonium carbonate and 2.5 mM alpha-CD solution at pH 7.6. The use of this running buffer together with the FESI preconcentration method provided limits of detection (LODs) in the low ug/L range (i.e., between 13.0 and 31.5 ug/L). The optimized FESI-CE-UV method was combined with off-line SPE using C(18) cartridges and applied to the determination of the selected group of pesticides in soil samples. Recovery percentages ranged between 50 and 84% in these samples with LODs between 18 and 34 ug/kg. This work shows the great possibilities of the combined use of SPE-FESI-CE-UV to improve CE sensitivity allowing the achievement of LODs similar to other analytical techniques as GC or HPLC.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for Flumetsulam (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.