Ethyltrimethylplumbane

281.36466

281.36

217-169-3

9SQ29E5D75

DTXSID9051797

Colorless liquid

2931900090

0

3.88

1.88 g/cu cm at 20 deg C

128-130 °C @ Press: 751 Torr

42.3ºC

In water, 7.65 mg/L at 25 deg C (est)

7.30 mm Hg at 25 deg C

Henry's Law constant = 0.35 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)

P201, P202, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501

H300

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|... The cleaning of tanks which contain, or in the past have contained, leaded gasoline is a hazardous operation owing to the presence of flammable and toxic vapors in the tank. The sludge and scale removed from the tanks should also be regarded as hazardous due to the presence of toxic lead cmpd. /Leaded gasoline/

National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Lead and Lead Compounds are listed as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. /Lead and Lead Compounds/[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s101lead.pdf]

|Danger|H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Ethyltrimethyllead is included on this list.

D008; A waste containing lead (such as ethyltrimethyllead) may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations.

D008; A solid waste containing lead (such as ethyltrimethyllead) may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.

Ethyltrimethyl lead was detected in exhaust fumes from a Ford Transit 2.0 liter displacement and a Ford Escort 1.1 liter displacement (vehicles using leaded gas as fuel) at concentrations ranging from 0.06-6.35 ug/cu m and <0.01-4.73 ug/cu m, respectively(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Urban air samples from Toronto, Canada collected in 1979 contained 1 ng/cu m of ethyltrimethyl lead(1). Air samples from Antwerp, Belgium collected in 1980, contained ethyltrimethyl lead at concentrations ranging from 0.4-4.5 ng/cu m(1). Urban air samples collected in Lancaster, England during 1985 contained ethyltrimethyl lead at 1.4 ng/cu m(1). Urban air samples collected in Colchester, England during 1986 contained levels of ethyltrimethyl lead ranging from <0.1-2.6 ng/cu m(1). Aerosol samples collected in urban Lancaster, England during 1985 contained ethyltrimethyl lead at 150 pg/cu m(1). The concentration of ethyltrimethyl lead measured between September 1995 and May 1996 in the air of Bordeaux, France ranged from 0.0 to 8.1 ng/cu m(2).|RURAL/REMOTE: Ethyltrimethyl lead was not detected in rural air samples from Lancaster, England in 1985 and Bantry Bay, Ireland in 1986 (detection limit <0.3 ng/cu m)(1). It was, however, detected in rural air from Colchester, England in 1986 at a concentration of 1.7 ng/cu m(1). Rural air samples from Malianwan, China contained ethyltrimethyl lead at 0.2 ng/cu m(2).|SOURCE DOMINATED: Air samples collected in Baltimore, Maryland during 1978 contained ethyltrimethyl lead at concentrations ranging from <0.5-9 ng/cu m in tunnels, 1-4 ng/cu m along the highway, and <0.5-25 ng/cu m in vehicle exhaust(1). Aerosol samples from a busy town center street in Lancaster, England contained ethyltrimethyl lead at concentrations ranging from 1,100-3,000 pg/cu m(2). Air samples taken from a relatively busy urban street in Toronto, Canada contained ethyltrimethyl lead at 1 ng/cu m(3).

Ethyltrimethyl lead's production and use as an anti-knock agent in fuels(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). The use of tetraalkyl lead additives in on-road automotive gasoline is no longer permitted in the United States; however tetraethyl lead is still used in leaded aviation gasoline(2). When burned, tetraethyl leaded fuels can produce other alkyllead compounds (such as ethyltrimethyl lead)(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Organic matter in the soil will influence ethyltrimethyl lead's mobility because possibilities exist for inhibited mobility by sorption to soil organic matter and for enhanced mobility by the formation of soluble chelate complexes with soluble organic anions(1). However, during spills of leaded gasoline onto soils, the nonpolar nature of gasoline serves as a mobile solvent capable of transporting lead alkyl compounds through the soil(1). Volatilization of ethyltrimethyl lead from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Ethyltrimethyl lead is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 7.3 mm Hg at 20 °C(3). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Biodegradation data are not available(SRC, 2008).|AQUATIC FATE: Organic matter in the suspended solids and sediment may influence ethyltrimethyl lead's mobility(1). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4.9 hours and 6.6 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The volatilization half-life from a model pond is about 27 days when adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 520(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.88(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Ethyltrimethyl lead is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on half-lives ranging from 14 hours to 8 days for the structurally similar substances tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead(8,9). Biodegradation data are not available(SRC, 2008).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethyltrimethyl lead, which has a vapor pressure of 7.30 mm Hg at 20 °C(2) is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethyltrimethyl lead is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 22 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Ethyltrimethyl lead is also expected to undergo direct photolysis in the environment based on half-lives ranging from 2.3-34 hours for the structurally similar substances tetramethyl and tetraethyl lead(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethyltrimethyl lead with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 22 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Ethyltrimethyl lead is expected to hydrolyze in the environment based on its structural similarity to tetramethyl lead and tetraethyl lead which hydrolyze with measured rate constants of 1.83X10-6/sec and 1.33X10-5/sec, respectively, in seawater(2). These rate constants correspond to half-lives of 4.38 days and 14 hours, respectively(SRC). The hydrolysis half-life for tetraethyl lead measured in fresh water was reported to be 8 days(3). Ethyltrimethyl lead is also expected to undergo direct photolysis in the environment since both tetramethyl and tetraethyl lead undergo direct photolysis with measured rate constants of 1.4X10-3/min to 3.38X10-4/min and 5.1X10-3/min to 1.29X10-3/min, respectively(4). These rate constants correspond to half-lives of 8.3-34 hours and 2.3-9.0 hours, respectively(SRC). Laboratory studies indicate that alkyl lead compounds decompose fairly rapidly in the environment to the more stable tri-alkyl lead species(5).

An estimated BCF of 520 was calculated for ethyltrimethyl lead(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

Organic matter in the soil will influence ethyltrimethyl lead's mobility because possibilities exist for inhibited mobility by sorption to soil organic matter and for enhanced mobility by the formation of soluble chelate complexes with soluble organic anions(1). However, during spills of leaded gasoline onto soils, the nonpolar nature of gasoline serves as a mobile solvent capable of transporting lead alkyl compounds through the soil(1).

The Henry's Law constant for ethyltrimethyl lead is estimated as 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethyltrimethyl lead is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4.9 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6.6 days(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The volatilization half-life from a model pond is about 27 days when adsorption is considered(3). Ethyltrimethyl lead's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Ethyltrimethyl lead is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 7.30 mm Hg(4).

SURFACE WATER: Ethyltrimethyl lead was detected in water samples from the Thames, Lagoon, Colchester, Rowhidge, Ardleigh, Walton, Finton, Clacton, St. Osyth and Wivenhoe rivers in England at 0.18, 0.60, 0.03, 0.12, 0.19, 0.17, 0.2, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.12 ng/L, respectively(1). It was not detected in motorway runoff in Lancaster, England, roadsurface water in Colchester, England(detection limit 0.1 ng/L)(1). Ethyltrimethyl lead was detected (detection limit 3.3 ng/L) in 2 out of 37 runoff water samples collected next to a motorway in Cumbria, England(2).|SEAWATER: Ethyltrimethyl lead was not detected in seawater collected off the coast of Lancaster, England (detection limit 0.1 ng/L)(1).|RAIN/SNOW/FOG: Ethyltrimethyl lead was detected at concentrations ranging from 9-37 ug/L in rainwater samples collected from semi-rural Lancaster, England between Nov 1983-March 1984(1). It was also detected in rainwater samples at Essex University, England between March 1985-March 1986, concentration not specified(1). Ethyltrimethyl lead was not detected (detection limit 3.3 ng/L) in rainwater samples collected in 1984 next to a motorway in Cumbria, United Kingdom(2).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 322 workers (0 of these were female) were potentially exposed to ethyltrimethyl lead in the US(1). Occupational exposure to ethyltrimethyl lead may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethyltrimethyl lead is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethyltrimethyl lead via inhalation of ambient air and dermal contact with this compound and products containing ethyltrimethyl lead, such as leaded gasoline(SRC).|The use of tetraalkyl lead additives in on-road automotive gasoline is no longer permitted in the United States; however tetraethyl lead is still used in leaded aviation gasoline(1). When burned, tetraethyl leaded fuels can produce other alkyllead compounds (such as ethyltrimethyl lead)(2).

In contrast to relative insignificance of skin as route of inorg lead absorption, alkyl lead compounds are absorbed to such a degree that toxicity among handlers of these compounds in blending of leaded gasoline has been attributed to skin absorption. /Alkyl lead compounds/

The concentration of lead in blood varies, in general, it is slightly elevated but in some cases of poisoning it is nearly normal. In cases of repeated gasoline sniffing the content of lead in blood is high. No close correlation exists between blood lead levels and the severity of intoxication. The urinary excretion of lead is increased markedly ...

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Lead and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . /Lead and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Moderate hyperventilation (20 respiration per minute) may be beneficial for increased intracranial pressure. Start IV administration of 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. For hypotension ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lead and related compounds/|- Remove the patient from further exposure, send for medical assistance. - Remove and discard contaminated clothing. - Exposed eyes should be irrigated with copious amounts of water. - Wash skin with soap and copious amount of water. - Control convulsions with appropriate drug regimen. - In case of ingestion, unless vomiting is extensive, perform gastric lavage and administer a cathartic. If the patient is obtunded, convulsing, comatose, insert an oro- or a naso-gastric tube and lavage after endotracheal intubation. - Open and maintain at least one intravenous route. - Administer intravenous fluids. - Chelation is indicated only if blood levels are high. Penicillamine and calcium disodium edetate have been used and the increased urinary excretion of lead does not correspond with clinical improvement. - In case of encephalopathy, BAL and edetate calcium disodium are indicated. - In cases of inhalation of vapours and fumes, symptomatic and supportive treatment are indicated. Ensure patient's airway and ventilation. Supportive measures include oxygen and artificial respiration. /Organic lead/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ After acute poisoning, patients often show loss of libido and impaired erectility. Changes extending to azoospermia have been detected in sperm morphology and concentration. Such effects tend to be long-term or permanent. Studies on mothers who inhaled petrol fumes during their pregnancy indicated incr in the incidence of retardation, neonatal hypertonia, scaphocephalus and high cheek-bones with a narrow forehead.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The toxic effects of alkyl lead compounds on CNS are more of a psychic nature, compared to inorg lead. Hallucinations, delusions, & excitement are the most common effects. These progress to delirium in fatal cases. /Alkyl lead compounds/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Illness resulting from acute episodes may persist for days or weeks, with intervals of quietude readily triggered into over-activity by any type of disturbance ... Cause of death is direct damage to the brain (encephalopathy) involving capillary dysfunction, cerebral edema, and interference with cerebral metabolism ... Muscle damage is confirmed by elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) ... Transient elevation of transaminases /in liver and/ ... proteinuria /were described/ ... /Chronically/ erythrocytes with basophilic stippling are described in some cases ... /However/ substrates of the heme synthesis, such as erythrocyte protoporphyrin may be normal ... Other clinical effects /include/ pallor of the face, loss of body weight in chronic exposure. /Organic lead/|/CASE REPORTS/ Seven autopsy cases due to accidental tetraalkyllead poisoning are described. Death occurred 5-19 days after poisoning. Histological exam revealed degenerative alterations of heart muscle, swelling & lipofuscin deposits in muscle fiber, & myocardial fragmentation. Various pathological changes were observed in lung, spleen, kidney, adrenal gland, & nervous tissues. /Tetraalkyllead/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ETHYLTRIMETHYL LEAD (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Me3EtPb

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS A GASOLINE ADDITIVE

Plumbane, ethyltrimethyl-: INACTIVE|Lead alkyl, mixed /is/ a mixture containing various methyl & ethyl deriv of tetraethyl lead & tetramethyl lead. Thus methyl triethyl lead, dimethyl diethyl lead & ethyl trimethyl lead may all be present with or without tetraethyl & tetramethyl lead. ... /Used as/ antiknock agents in aviation gasoline. /Lead alkyl, mixed/|Tetraalkyl lead compounds are no longer produced within the United States.

SENSITIVE TECHNIQUE FOR ANALYSIS OF TETRAALKYLLEAD COMPOUNDS IN WATER, SEDIMENT, & FISH SAMPLES IS DISCUSSSED.|Method: NOAA NST 140.0; Procedure: graphite furnace atomic absorption; Analyte: lead; Matrix: marine sediments; Detection Limit: 0.2 ug/g. /Lead/|Method: NOAA NST 160.0; Procedure: X-ray fluorescence; Analyte: lead; Matrix: marine sediments; Detection Limit: 0.2 ug/g. /Lead/|Method: NOAA NST 140.0; Procedure: graphite furnace atomic absorption; Analyte: lead; Matrix: marine sediments; Detection Limit: 0.2 ug/g.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for ETHYLTRIMETHYL LEAD (43 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Method: NOAA NST 140.1; Procedure: graphite furnace atomic absorption; Analyte: lead; Matrix: marine animal tissues; Detection Limit: 0.1 ug/g. /Lead/|Method: NOAA NST 172.1; Procedure: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Analyte: lead; Matrix: marine animal tissues; Detection Limit: 0.1 ug/g. /Lead/|Method: USGS-NWQL B-9001-95; Procedure: inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy; Analyte: lead; Matrix: aquatic biological tissue and aquatic plant material; Detection Limit: not provided. /Lead/|Method: USGS-NWQL B-9001-95; Procedure: inductively coupled plasma - mass spectroscopy; Analyte: lead; Matrix: aquatic biological tissue and aquatic plant material; Detection Limit: 0.03 ug/g. /Lead/