FLUORIDE STANDARD

Liquid|Varies depending on specific compound

Fluoride is a halide anion and a monoatomic fluorine. It is a conjugate base of a hydrogen fluoride.|Having a chemical formula of F−, fluoride ion is the simplest inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine with basic properties. It is considered a trace element. Fluoride ions are found in various minerals but are only present in trace amounts in water. Its various salt forms and minerals play numerous roles as chemical reagents, industrial chemicals, and commercial products. It also plays an essential physiological role, such as enhancing the resistance profile and strength of the surface tooth enamel.|Fluoride Ion is considered a trace element, fluoride is any combination of elements containing the fluorine atom in the -1 oxidation state (fluoride ion). Due to its reactivity, fluorine is found in nature as fluorine compounds or fluorides. Fluoride inhibits various enzyme systems, erythrocyte glycolysis and binds Ca++, causing anticoagulation and other toxic effects. In addition, fluoride is a mitogen for osteoblasts and stimulates bone formation. (NCI)|Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices.

Of the general formula MxFy, appearance,odor and properties vary with specific compounds.

Any inorganic salt of hydrofluoric acid in which fluorine has a valence of 1. Fluorides are major environmental pollutants released into the atmosphere from aluminum reduction, steel manufacturing, and coal-fired power plants. Fluoride pollution is assoc

Fluorides are used as an electrolyte in aluminum manufacture; a flux in smelting nickel, copper, gold, and silver; as a catalyst for organic reactions, a wood preservative; fluoridation agent for drinking water; a bleaching agent for cane seats; in pesticides, rodenticides, and as a fermentation inhibitor. They are utilized in the manufacture of steel, iron, glass, ceramics, pottery, enam els, in the coagulation of latex; in coatings for welding rods; and in cleaning graphite, metals, windows, and glass ware. Exposure to fluorides may also occur during prepara tion of fertilizer from phosphate rock by addition of sulfuric acid. Air pollution by fluoride dusts and gases has done substantial damage to vegetation and to animals in the vicinity of industrial fluoride sources. However, the contri bution of ambient air to human fluoride intake is only a few hundredths of a milligram per day, an amount that is insignificant in comparison with other sources of fluoride. Operations that introduce fluoride dusts and gases into the atmosphere include: Grinding, drying, and calcining of fluoride-containing minerals; acidulation of the minerals; smelting; electrochemical reduction of metals with fluoride fluxes or melts, as in the aluminum and steel industry; kiln firing of brick and other clay products and the combustion of coal.

Fluoride, Ion chromatography standard solution, Specpure|r, F|- 1000μg/ml is used as a standard solution in analytical chemistry and in ion chromatography. It is used for calibration of ion chromatography and other analytical techniques.