1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane

154.46600

154.47

200-938-2

SJG47X19V4

0848

1020

DTXSID3026435

Colorless gas|Colorless gas ... [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]

2903772015

0

2.38030

Chloropentafluoroethane is a colorless odorless gas with an ether-like odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. It is noncombustible. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.

1.3 g/cm³

-106 °C

-37.7 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

70ºC

1.2678 (20ºC)

H2O: Insoluble

Keep separated from incompatible substances. Protect from physical damage and heat. Containers may rupture or explode if exposed

Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 797

5.55

LC50 inhalation in rat: 4880gm/m3/4H

Nonflammable Gas

Odorless

Henry's Law constant = 5.58 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Index of refraction: 1.2678 at -42 °C/D; density: 1.5678 at - 42 °C|Dielectric constant 1.0035 at 27 °C, 50.65 kPa (vapor)|Critical volume: 255 cu cm/mol|Dipole moment: 0.52 debye|Global warming potential: 2.2 TgCO2 equivalent for 20 years; 3.1 TgCO2 equivalent for 100 years /SRP: Emission data units; teregrams of carbon dioxide equivalents; one teragram (Tg) is equal to one million metric tons/|Ozone Depleting Potential: 0.30-0.50 (atmopsheric lifetime 380 years); 0.40-0.60 (atmospheric lifetime 400 years); Global Warming Potential relative to CFC11: 7.4-7.6|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE is incompatible with the following: Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc) (NIOSH, 2016).

12.96 eV

Nonflammable Gas

The vapour is heavier than air and may accumulate in lowered spaces causing a deficiency of oxygen.

... Does not attack metals except at elevated temperatures.

19.41 kJ/mol at -39.1 °C

Critical temperature: 353 K; Critical pressure: 3.141 MPa

2.2

UN 1020/1973

R36/37/38

S38

KH7877500

Xi

Fireproof if in building. Cool.

Has good thermal stability.

P41, P403

H280

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Because of recent discovery of potential ozone decomposition in the stratosphere by fluorotrichloromethane, this material should be released to the environment only as a last resort. Waste material should be /recovered and/ returned to the vendor, or to licensed waste disposal company.

Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc).

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in selfpressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date. DATES: Removal of Part 2.125(e)(2)(iii) and 2.125(e)(4)(vii) is effective June 14, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(v) and 2.125(e)(4)(iv) is effective December 31, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(iii) is effective June 30, 2011. Removal of 2.125(e)(2)(iv) and Part 2.125(e)(4)(viii) is effective December 31, 2013. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/|Use of ozone-depleting substances in foods, drugs, devices, or cosmetics. (a) As used in this section, ozone-depleting substance (ODS) means any class I substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix A to subpart A, or class II substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix B to subpart A. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is not an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act. (c) A food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act if paragraph (e) of this section specifies the use of that product as essential. For drugs, including biologics and animal drugs, and for devices, an investigational application or an approved marketing application must be in effect, as applicable. ... (e) The use of ODSs in the following products is essential: ... (2) Metered-dose short-acting adrenergic bronchodilator human drugs for oral inhalation. Oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers containing the following active moieties: ... (iv) Pirbuterol. ... (4) Other essential uses. (iii) Anesthetic drugs for topical use on accessible mucous membranes of humans where a cannula is used for application. ... (vi) Metered-dose atropine sulfate aerosol human drugs administered by oral inhalation. ... (viii) Metered-dose ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate, in combination, administered by oral inhalation for human use. (ix) Sterile aerosol talc administered intrapleurally by thoracoscopy for human use. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/|The food additive chloropentafluoroethane may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The food additive has a purity of not less than 99.97 percent, and contains not more than 200 parts per million saturated fluoro compounds and 10 parts per million unsaturated fluoro compounds as impurities. (b) The additive is used or intended for use alone or with one or more of the following substances: Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, propane, and octafluorocyclobutane complying with part 173.360, as an aerating agent for foamed or sprayed food products, with any propellant effect being incidental and no more than is minimally necessary to achieve the aerating function, except that use is not permitted for those standardized foods that do not provide for such use. (c) To assure safe use of the additive (1) The label of the food additive container shall bear, in addition to the other information required by the act, the following: (i) The name of the additive, chloropentafluoroethane. (ii) The percentage of the additive present in the case of a mixture. (iii) The designation "food grade". (2) The label or labeling of the food additive container shall bear adequate directions for use.

Zakhari S, Aviado DM; Cardiovascular Toxicology of Aerosol Propellants, Refrigerants and Related Solvents; Target Organ Toxicology Series: Cardiovascular Toxicology, XII+ 388 pages; Raven Press: New York, NY 281-326 (1982). Review of the toxicology of aerosol propellants, refrigerants and related solvents on the cardiovascular system of humans.|Production and Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances under the Montreal Protocol 1986 - 2004[UNEP; Ozone Secretariat UNEP November 2005, Available from, as of march 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/Publications/Production_and_consumption2005.pdf]|The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer[UNEP; Ozone Secretariat United Nations Environment Programme, The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, Available from, as of March 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/pdfs/Montreal-Protocol2000.pdf]|Achievements in Stratospheric Ozone Protection Progress Report: This report covers the important and substantial achievements of the people, programs, and organizations that are working to protect the Earth's ozone layer. As impressive as these accomplishments are, our work is not done. Even though we have reduced or eliminated the use of many ozone-depleting substances, some still remain. Additionally, since ozone-depleting substances persist in the air for long periods of time, the past use of these substances continues to affect the ozone layer today. We must also continue to ensure that the alternatives being brought to the market support the country's long-term environmental goals in a cost-effective manner.[EPA; Achievements in Stratospheric Ozone Protection Progress Report, Available from, as of March 11, 2013: http://www.epa.gov/ozone/downloads/spd-annual-report_final.pdf]|For more Special Reports (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. (ERG, 2016)|Not combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H280 (100%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]|P410+P403, and P502|Aggregated GHS information provided by 112 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]|P410+P40, and 410+P403

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Allow substance to evaporate. Ventilate the area. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin from becoming frozen from contact with the liquid or from contact with vessels containing the liquid. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite. Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift). Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. (NIOSH, 2016)|Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.|Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating.|Forced air ventilation and level of vapor concentration together with the use of individual breathing devices with independent air supply will minimize risk of inhalation. Lifelines should be worn when entering tanks or other confined spaces. /Chlorofluorocarbon/|Neoprene gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection minimize risk of topical contact. /Chlorofluorocarbon or Hydrochlorofluorocarbon/|(See protection codes)

Nonflammable

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extingiush fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Ventilation. Never direct water jet on liquid. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

If material not involved in fire: Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear protective gloves and goggles. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.|High concentrations in the air cause a deficiency of oxygen with the risk of unconsciousness or death. Check oxygen content before entering area.|Turn leaking cylinder with the leak up to prevent escape of gas in liquid state.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Fire or Explosion: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Recommended Exposure Level: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 1000 ppm (6320 mg/cu m).

Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Fireproof if in building. Cool.

A harmful concentration of this gas in the air will be reached very quickly on loss of containment.

Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite.

Use ventilation.

Cold-insulating gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Approximately 4,500 tons of chloropentafluoroethane were released annually before its production was discontinued(1). Cloropentafluoroethane emissions of 0.4 Gg/year from the United States have been calculated(2).

RURAL/REMOTE: Chloropentafluoroethane was detected in the troposphere at an average global concentration of 4.1 parts per trillion(1). The concentration of chloropentafluoroethane in the atmosphere at altitudes ranging from about 10 to 34 km was found to be approximately 1-5 parts per trillion during 1979 and 1980 monitoring(2,3).

... The combination of fluorocarbon with a sympathomimetic bronchodilator is potentially dangerous for the treatment of bronchial asthma. For the same reason, sympathomimetic drugs are contraindicated in cardiac resuscitation of patients suffering from fluorocarbon poisoning. /Fluorocarbon poisoning/|/In humans/ a 10 to 90% mixture of CFC-11 & CFC-12, respectively, caused more severe respiratory effects than either fluorocarbon inhaled singly.

Employees /with cardiovascular disease are/ at increased risk.

Chloropentafluoroethane's former production and use as a refrigerant(1), propellant for foods dispensed from aerosols(2) and dielectric gas(3) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of chloropentafluoroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(4). Chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 20(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.47(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(9).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), chloropentafluoroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 6860 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(3). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(3). The atmospheric lifetime of this compound has been estimated at 330 years(4).

Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of chloropentafluoroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.4X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(2). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(1). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to be 380 years(3). Chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4).

An estimated BCF of 20 was calculated in fish for chloropentafluoroethane(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.47(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of chloropentafluoroethane can be estimated to be 200(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for chloropentafluoroethane is estimated as 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). Chloropentafluoroethane's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of chloropentafluoroethane from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon its vapor pressure(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 250,773 workers (79.790 of these were female) were potentially exposed to chloropentafluoroethane in the US(1). Occupational exposure should be low or non-existent since chloropentafluoroethane is no longer produced or used in the US(2). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to chloropentafluoroethane via inhalation of ambient air, mostly due to its long atmospheric residence time(SRC).

... Main factor affecting fate of fluorocarbons is body fat, where they are concentrated and slowly released into blood at concentrations that should not cause any risk of cardiac sensitization. /Fluorocarbons/|Abosrption of fluorocarbons is much lower after oral ingestion (35-48 times) than after inhalation. ... The lung generally has the highest fluorocarbon concentrations on autopsy. /Fluorocarbons/|Although fluorocarbons cause cardiac sensitization in certain animal species, rapid elimination prevents the development of cardiotoxic concentrations from aerosol bronchodilator use except at exceedingly high doses (12 to 24 doses in 2 minutes). /Fluorocarbons/|Oral toxicity studies with animals showed minimal absorption of CFC-115 from the gastrointestinal tract. Dogs showed peak levels < 0.2 mg CFC-115/mL of venous blood after being intubated intragastrically with a maximal single dose of about 1 g/kg body weight CFC-115 contained in an edible food topping.|... Postmortem toxicology revealed blood concentrations of chlorodifluoromethane and chloropentafluoroethane of 71 mg/L and 0.30 mg/L, respectively. Brain, liver, and lung concentrations of chlorodifluoromethane were (mg/kg) 2.8, 4.4, and 1.6, respectively. Brain, liver, and lung concentrations of chloropentafluoroethane were (mg/kg) 0.80, 0.80, and 0.11, respectively. ...

Freons are toxic to humans by several mechanisms. Inhaled fluorocarbons sensitized the myocardium to catecholamines, frequently resulting in lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Because they are gases heavier than air, fluorocarbons can displace atmospheric oxygen, thus resulting in asphyxiation. These compounds also have a central nervous system (CNS) anesthetic effect analogous to a structurally similar general anesthetic, halothane. Pressurized refrigerant or liquid fluorocarbons with a low boiling point have a cyrogenic effect on exposed tissues, causing frostbite, laryngeal or pulmonary edema, and gastrointestinal perforation. Certain fluorocarbons degrade at high temperatures into toxic products of chlorine, hydrofluoric acid, or phosgene gases. /Freons/

Chlorofluoroalkanes (and also the alternative HCFCs and HFCs) produced on an industrial scale are subject to stringent standards. Impurities must not exceed the following limits (vol %): acids, 0; moisture, <0.001; higher-boiling fractions, <0.05; and other gases, 2. /Chlorofluoroalkanes/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. (ERG, 2016)

Eye: If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible. Skin: If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Victims of freon inhalation require management for hypoxic, CNS anesthetic, & cardiac symptoms. Patients must be removed from the exposure environment, & high flow supplemental oxygen should be utilized. The respiratory system should be evaluated for injury, aspiration, or pulmonary edema & treated appropriately. CNS findings should be treated supportively. A calm environment with no physical exertion is imperative to avoid increasing endogenous adrenegic levels. Exogenous adrenergic drugs must not be used to avoid inducing sensitized myocardial dysrhythmias. Atropine is ineffective in treating bradyarrhythmias. For ventricular dysrhythmias, diphenylhydantoin & countershock may be effective. Cryogenic dermal injuries should be treated by water bath rewarming at 40-42 °C until vasodilatory flush has returned. Elevation of the limb & standard frostbite management with late surgical debridement should be utilized. Ocular exposure requires irrigation & slit lamp evaluation for injury. /Freons/|Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations as needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Minimize physical activity and provide a quiet atmosphere. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia,administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Propellant /fluorocarbon/ gases were generated ... from a distance of 50 cm for periods of 15 to 60 seconds. At a measured concentration of 95,000 mg/cu m (1700 ppm), there was biphasic change in ventilatory capacity, the first reduction occurring within few min after exposure, & second delayed until 13 to 30 min after exposure. Most subjects developed bradycardia, & inversion of the t-wave. /Propellant gases/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Early ... human experience indicated that high vapor concn (eg, 20%) may cause confusion, pulmonary irritation, tremors & rarely coma, but that these effects were generally transient & without late sequelae. Cause of death /from abuse of fluorocarbons/ is in considerable doubt. Freezing of airway soft tissues can probably be eliminated as a cause of death except in cases where the product was sprayed directly into the mouth from its container or from a balloon containing some liquid. Laryngeal spasm or edema, oxygen displacement, or sensitization of myocardium to endogenous catecholamines with subsequent ventricular fibrillation appear to be reasonable possibilities. /Fluorocarbon refrigerants & propellants/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Non-occupational exposure and accidental or abusive inhalation of aerosols /due to Fluorocarbon propellants/ have also been documented, the main symptoms being CNS depression and cardiovascular reactions. Cardiac arrhythmia, possibly aggravated by elevated levels of catecholamines due to stress or by moderate hypercapnia, is suggested as the cause of these adverse response, which may lead to death.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... High vapor concn (eg, 20%) may cause confusion, pulmonary irritation, tremors & rarely coma ... but ... these effects were generally transient & without late sequelae. /Fluorocarbon refrigerants & propellants/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

chloropentafluoroethane

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.|inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

dyspnea (breathing difficulty); dizziness, incoordination, narcosis; nausea, vomiting; heart palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, asphyxia; liquid: frostbite, dermatitis

Suffocation.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

See Skin.

Skin, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Refrigeration/air conditioning, 43%; foam blowing agents, 20%; polymer precursors, 13%; solvent cleaning, 12% aerosol propellants, 2%; medical equipment sterilization, 3%; other, 7%. (1991). /Estimates are for CFC-11,-12,-113,-114,-115 and HCFC-22 only/

It is available as a liquified gas in an azeotropic mixture of 48.8% chlorodifluoromethane with 51.2% chloropentafluoroethane; this mixed gas is designated fluorocarbon-502 ...

Ethane, 1-chloro-1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoro-: ACTIVE|In the United States, "Class I" substances were subject to the first round of phaseout targets. Class I substances have an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of 0.2 or higher, and include halons, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl bromide. Section 604 of the Clean Air Act sets the phaseout targets for Class I substances. The ban on production and import of halons took effect on January 1, 1994. The ban on production and import of other Class I ODS /ozone-depleting substance/ - excluding methyl bromide - took effect on January 1, 1996.|The numbers in the "ODP1" column are from the Montreal Protocol. Some numbers have been updated as per amendments to the protocol. The "ODP2" column numbers are from the stratospheric ozone protection regulations at 40 CFR Part 82, as required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. These numbers include the amendments of July 18, 2003 (68 FR 42892). Data in the "ODP3" column come from WMO's /World Meteorological Organization/ Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. ODP values listed are semi-empirical and can be found in Table 8-1 of the document. All GWP values represent global warming potential over a 100-year time horizon. The numbers in the "GWP1" column are from Table 1-6 of The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2002, a report of the World Meteorological Association's Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project. The GWPs in the "GWP1" column that were not provided Table 1-6 of the 2002 report have not been updated since 1998 and are from The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 1998. "GWP2" column numbers are from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001, and "GWP3" column numbers are from 40 CFR Part 82, stratospheric ozone protection regulations required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. The data in the "GWP4" column come from the IPCC Special Report on Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System: Issues related to Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons ("SROC"). The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 2.7 in the document. The numbers in the "GWP5" column come from the WMO's Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 8-2 of the document.|FC-115 was originally introduced as a propellant for use in food aerosol products.|... /The use of chlorofluorocarbons for aerosol sprays/ was prohibited in 1979 except for a few specialized items, because of their depleting effect on stratospheric ozone. /Chlorofluorocarbons/|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of chloropentafluoroethane in air.|Gas chromatographic method for determining fluorocarbons in air is described. Concentration in air are determined directly. /Fluorocarbons/|A gas chromatographic procedure for determining atmospheric levels of fluorocarbons is described. Column is temp programmed to separate halogenated components while maintaining short retention times for each component. Freon 113 incl. /Fluorocarbons/|Gas chromatographic method for measuring halocarbons in ambient air samples is presented. /Halocarbons/|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Gas chromatographic method for determining fluorocarbons is described. Concentration in body fluids are determined by means of head space analysis. /Fluorocarbons/|Hexane extraction procedure for the determination of common fluorocarbon propellants in blood was evaluated. An analysis of sample headspace was also evaluated for determining chloropentafluoroethane in blood. Both procedures involved analysis by gas chromatography using electron capture detection. The widely used hexane extraction procedure for determining ppm levels of volatile halocarbons in tissue was evaluated by a combination of radiochemical and gas chromatographic techniques. The data suggest that hexane extraction gives significantly low results. /Fluorocarbons/|Fluorocarbon determination in blood: gas chromatography with electron capture detection. /Fluorocarbons/