Tetraphosphoric acid, hexaethyl ester

506.25400

506.25

212-057-0

YL9WI50HOG

1611

Yellow liquid

190.59000

5.68760

Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is a yellow liquid which is miscible in water. It is difficult to burn. It is toxic by skin absorption and inhalation. It is a mixture of ethyl phosphates and ethyl pyrophosphate. It decomposes at high temperatures. May be found in the form of a dry mixture where the liquid is absorbed onto a dry carrier.

1.2917 g/cm³ @ Temp: 27 °C

-40 °C (approx)

150 deg C (decomposes)

249.5ºC

1.442

Very soluble in ethanol, acetone and benzene

2.1X10-8 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

LD50 oral in rabbit: 21mg/kg

Odorless

Henry's Law constant= 3.3X10-17 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Hygroscopic|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.2X10-10 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Soluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Organophosphates, such as HEXAETHYL TETRAPHOSPHATE, are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

II

6.1(a)

UN 1611

Hydrolyzes rapidly in aq soln

[40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/2005)] Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P062, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration with a temperature range of 820 to 1600 °C and residence times for liquids and gases; seconds; solids: hours. Also, a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times for liquids and gases, seconds; solids, longer.|Group I Containers: Combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) should be disposed of in pesticide incinerators or in specified landfill sites. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/|Group II Containers: Non-combustible containers from organic or metallo-organic pesticides (except organic mercury, lead, cadmium, or arsenic compounds) must first be triple-rinsed. Containers that are in good condition may be returned to the manufacturer or formulator of the pesticide product, or to a drum reconditioner for reuse with the same type of pesticide product, if such reuse is legal under Department of Transportation regulations (eg 49 CFR 173.28). Containers that are not to be reused should be punctured ... and transported to a scrap metal facility for recycling, disposal or burial in a designated landfill. /Organic or metallo-organic pesticides/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)|/Workers/ must be given overalls made of a tight fabric or polyvinyl chloride, gloves and rubber boots. They must wear a respirator with an activated-carbon gas-filter cartridge ... The eyes should be protected by goggles. The signalmen for aerial dusting operations should be equipped with a hat and cape made of polyvinyl chloride or a fabric impregnated with a water repellent. /Organophosphorus pesticides/|Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear full protective clothing. /Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, not otherwise specified, (compounds and preparations, agricultural insecticides, not elsewhere classified, liquid)/

If material is on fire or involved in a fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical. /Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, liquid/

If material is not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Hexaethyltetraphosphate, liquid/|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Wear full protective clothing. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Hexaethyltetraphosphate, liquid/|Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire), downwind evacuation must be considered. /Hexaethyltetraphosphate, liquid/|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Hexaethyl tetraphosphate; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, liquid; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, solid/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. /Hexaethyl tetraphosphate; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, liquid; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, solid/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at lease 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. /Hexaethyl tetraphosphate; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, liquid; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, solid/|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Hexaethyl tetraphosphate; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, liquid; Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, solid/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for HEXAETHYLTETRAPHOSPHATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

P062; An acute hazardous waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

P062; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when hexaethyltetraphosphate, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

LD50 Rat oral 7 mg/kg|LD50 Rat ip 2500 ug/kg|LD50 Rat sc 640 ug/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 56 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for HEXAETHYLTETRAPHOSPHATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Work ... must not be carried out by young persons under 18 yr, expectant or nursing mothers, or persons for whom work with toxic chemicals is contraindicated on account of their state of health; the same applies to alcoholics. Contraindications for work with organophosphorus pesticides are organic diseases of the cns, mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of the liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis). /Organophosphorus pesticides/

Hexaethyl tetraphosphate's former production and use as a direct contact insecticide(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is not registered for use in Canada or the United States(2).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that hexaethyl tetraphosphate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of hexaethyl tetraphosphate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.3X10-17 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). No biodegradation data for hexaethyl tetraphosphate was located(SRC, 2006); however, biodegradation is expected to be an important environmental fate process because phosphate esters are generally biodegradable in the environment(5). Hydrolysis in moist soils is likely to occur based on a hydrolysis half-life of 7.5 hours at pH 7(6).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 7(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that hexaethyl tetraphosphate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.3X10-17 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -0.39(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). No biodegradation data for hexaethyl tetraphosphate was located(SRC, 2006); however, biodegradation is expected to be an important environmental fate process because phosphate esters are generally biodegradable in the environment(8). A hydrolysis half-life of 7.5 hours at pH 7 indicates that hydrolysis will be an important environmental fate process for hexaethyl tetraphosphate(9).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), hexaethyl tetraphosphate, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate-phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase hexaethyl tetraphosphate is removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC & TERRESTRIAL FATE: A PROPERTY OF /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/ ... IS THEIR LOW STABILITY IN THE ENVIRONMENT, IE THEIR RELATIVELY RAPID DECAY IN SOIL, WATER, PLANTS. ... /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/

The neutral pH first-order hydrolysis rate constant for hexaethyl tetraphosphate was calculated as 0.093 hr-1, which corresponds to a half-life of 7.5 hours at pH 7(1).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for hexaethyl tetraphosphate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.39(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for hexaethyl tetraphosphate can be estimated to be 7(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that hexaethyl tetraphosphate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for hexaethyl tetraphosphate is estimated as 3.3X10-17 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that hexaethyl tetraphosphate is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is not currently registered for use in North America(1); therefore, exposure to workers and the general population is expected to be low(SRC,2006).|CHRONIC POISONING BY ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES MAY OCCUR IN PEOPLE EMPLOYED FOR LONG PERIODS IN PREPN OF THESE SUBSTANCES & IN AGRICULTURAL WORKERS WHO HANDLE THEM REGULARLY. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/|GREAT CARE MUST BE OBSERVED WHEN APPLYING HIGHLY TOXIC ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES WITH HAND SPRAYERS, RUCKSACK APPLIANCES OR HOSE SPRAYERS, & IN TREATING PLANTS WITH NON-MECHANICAL APPLIANCES. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/|Crop dusters have noticed miosis without other symptoms & plane accidents have been attributed to failure to correctly judge distance after inhalation by the pilot of poisonous substances such as hexaethyltetraphosphate.

/They/ ... are rapidly absorbed through mucous membrane of digestive system, respiratory system & the skin, and conveyed by the blood to various body tissues. ...The main route of elimination ... /is/ the kidneys. /Organophosphorus pesticides/|It is absorbed rapidly through the skin of warm blooded animals. ...|Toxicants can be absorbed by inhalation, ingestion, and skin penetration. ... All undergo hydrolytic degradation in liver and other tissues, usually within hr of absorption. Degradation products are of low toxicity, and are excreted in urine and feces. /Organophosphate cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides/

The main feature of the toxic mechanism of organophosphorus pesticides is inhibition of the esterase enzyme activity, in particular of cholinesterase, which plays an important physiological part. Organophosphorus pesticides can also indirectly interact with the biochemical receptors of acetylcholine. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Aggressive airway control may be needed. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Organophosphates and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Administer atropine. Correct hypoxia before giving atropine ... . Administer pralidoxime chloride (2 PAM). USE UNDER DIRECT PHYSICIAN ORDERS ONLY ... . Treat seizures with adequate atropinization and correction of hypoxia. Rarely is diazepam necessary ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously and consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organophosphates and related compounds/|Gastrointestinal decontamination. If organophosphate has been ingested in quantities probably sufficient to cause poisoning, consideration should be given to gastrointestinal decontamination ... In significant ingestions, diarrhea and/or vomiting are so constant that charcoal adsorption and catharsis are not indicated. /Organophosphate pesticides/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ It is a strong inhibitor of cholinesterase, and in contact with eye or absorbed systemically it causes strong miosis and spasm of accommodation.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology: 1. Nausea ... vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, excessive salivation ... 2. Headache, giddiness, vertigo and weakness. 3. Rhinorrhea and sensation of tightness in chest are common in inhalation exposure. 4. Blurring or dimness of vision, miosis. ... Tearing, ciliary muscle spasm, loss of accommodation and ocular pain... Mydriasis ... sometimes seen ... probably due to sympatho-adrenal discharge. 5. Bradycardia or tachycardia. Varying degrees of AV heart block are described as well as atrial arrhythmias. 6. Loss of muscle coordination, slurring of speech, fasciculations and twitching of muscles (particularly of tongue and eyelids, and generalized profound weakness. 7. Mental confusion, disorientation and drowsiness. 8. Difficulty in breathing, excessive secretion of saliva and of respiratory tract mucus, oronasal frothing, cyanosis, pulmonary rales and rhonchi and hypertension (presumably due to asphyxia). 9. Random jerky movements, incontinence, convulsions, and coma. 10. Death primarily due to respiratory arrest arising from failure of respiratory center, paralysis of respiratory muscles, intense bronchoconstriction or all three. /Parathion/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Accumulation of acetylcholine in CNS is believed to be responsible for tension, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, headache, emotional instability, & neurosis, excessive dreaming and nightmares, apathy, and confusion ... described after organophosphate poisoning. /Organophosphate insecticides/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Organic alkyl phosphate insecticides such as ... hexaethyltetraphosphate (HETP) inhibit cholinesterase. If absorbed through the skin, the victim may show signs of poisoning long after exposure, particularly if contaminated clothes are worn. Uninhibited acetylcholine accumulation causes vomiting, defecation, urination, miosis, asthma and respiratory failure. Crop dusters have noticed miosis without other symptoms and plane accidents have been attributed to failure to correctly judge distance after inhalation by the pilot of the /applied pesticide/.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.

BLADAN|BLADAN BASE

/HETP is a/ mixture of ethyl polyphosphates containing 12-20% tetraethyl pyrophosphate. ... Sprays should be applied immediately after mixing. TEPP (tetraethylpyrophosphate) has been found to be the insecticidal component of HETP and is the material now in production. ... Possesses no phytotoxicity at normal concentration.|Not registered for use in Canada or the United States

Determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues in food with two-dimensional gas chromatography using capillary columns and flame photometric detection is described. /Organophosphorus pesticide/

Estimation of cholinesterase activity of organophosphorus insecticides in human red blood cells and plasma by incubation with known excess of cholinesterase & addition of known excess of acetylcholine. Acetic acid produced determined from change in pH (pH meter). PA Giang & SA Hall, Anal Chem 23, 1830 (1951). /Organophosphorus insecticides/