Propylene chlorohydrin

94.54010

94.54

201-154-3

122672

2611

DTXSID5052541

COLORLESS LIQUID

20.23000

0.60600

2-chloro-1-propanol is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. (NTP, 1992)

1.103 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

<25 °C

133-134 °C

125°F

1.424

SOL IN ETHER, ETHANOL

5.25 mm Hg @ 20 deg C

3.26

LD50 orally in rats: 0.22 ml/kg; by skin penetration in rabbits: 0.48 ml/kg, Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470 (1969)

PLEASANT ODOR

Water soluble.

Alcohols and Polyols

2-CHLORO-1-PROPANOL may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. This chemical can react with oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992).

II

6.1(a)

UN 2611

P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501

H226

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Yang RS; Propylene Chlorohydrines: Toxicology, Metabolism, and Environmental Fate; Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 99: 47-59 (1987)|Omura M et al; Comparative Testicular Toxicities of Two Isomers of Dichloropropanol, 2,3-Dichloro-1-Propanol, and 1,3-Dichloro-2-Propanol, and their Metabolites alpha-Chlorohydrin and Epichlorohydrin, and the Potent Testicular Toxicant 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane; Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55 (1): 1-7 (1995)

This compound is flammable. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P322, P330, P337+P313, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501|The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|Aggregated GHS information provided by 38 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. Splash proof safety goggles should be worn while handling this chemical. Alternatively, a full face respirator, equipped as above, may be used to provide simultaneous eye and respiratory protection. RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS: If this chemical makes direct contact with your gloves, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them at once. Glove Type Model Number Thickness Bkthru Time Nitrile Edmont 37-175 0.64 mm 190 min PVA Edmont 25-545 0.89 mm 480 min PVC Edmont 34-100 0.20 mm 5 min Viton North F-101 0.36 mm 480 min Butyl rubber North B-144 0.43 mm 480 min (NTP, 1992)

"ALCOHOL" FOAM|To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-CHLORO-1-PROPANOL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact. A skin and severe eye irritant.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

LD50 Rat oral 218 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit skin 529 mg/kg|LD50 Guinea pig oral 720 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 100 to 300 mg/kg, 381 mg/kg, and 0.22 mL/kg|LD50 Rabbit dermal is 480 mg/kg, 0.48 mL/kg, and 0.5 g/kg

2-Chloro-1-propanol's production and use in the preparation of propylene oxide(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-chloro-1-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-chloro-1-propanol from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), obtained using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 2-Chloro-1-propanol may volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an experimental vapor pressure of 5.25 mm Hg(4). The importance of biodegradation in soil is unknown.|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-chloro-1-propanol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be important(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The importance of biodegradation in water is unknown. According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(3,SRC), from an estimated log Kow(6,SRC), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propanol may slowly hydrolyze with a half-life of approximately 140 days at pH 8(7).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chloro-1-propanol, which has an experimental vapor pressure of 5.25 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-chloro-1-propanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 2.27X10-12 atm cu m/mol(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chloro-1-propanol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). By analogy to 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol, which has a neutral first-order hydrolysis rate constant of 5.3X10-5 1/s and a base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 20.6 L/mole-hour(2), 2-chloro-1-propanol is expected to have a half-live of approximately 1.5 years at pH 7 and 140 days at pH 8(3,SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propanol is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental spectrum(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 2-chloro-1-propanol(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.53(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-chloro-1-propanol can be estimated to be about 2(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-chloro-1-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 2-chloro-1-propanol is estimated as 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-chloro-1-propanol is expected to be essentially nonvolatile(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 210 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 1500 days(SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propanol's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). 2-Chloro-1-propanol may volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an experimental vapor pressure of 5.25 mm Hg(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 219 workers (6 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 2-chloro-1-propanol in the US(1). Occupational exposure to 2-chloro-1-propanol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-chloro-1-propanol is produced or used(SRC).

Propylene chlorohydrin is absorbed, widely distributed, and rapidly metabolized and eliminated.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, or lungs. It is a severe eye irritant. It may cause destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This chemical is a poison by ingestion. It is moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact. It is a skin irritant and a severe eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of chlorine. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Higher alcohols (> 3 carbons) and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques, with a bag-valve-mask device, may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased LOC, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or dextrose strip or glucometer readings below 50 mg) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Higher alcohols (> 3 carbons) and related compounds/

2-chloro-1-propanol

1-Propanol, 2-chloro-: ACTIVE