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Iridium

Iridium structure

CAS No:
7439-88-5
Formula:
Ir
Chemical Name:
Iridium
Synonyms:
Iridium;Iridium black;1809322-71-1;1809322-79-9
Categories:
Inorganic Chemistry > Elementary Substance

Description

Iridium (CASRN 7439-88-5) is a hard, brittle, yellowish- white metal that can withstand high temperatures and has a BP of 4428 °C (Lide, 2006). It is the most corrosion resistant metal known (Lide, 2006). Its resistance to high temperatures makes it attractive for making crucibles and other apparatuses that must withstand extreme temperatures. Iridium may be the densest element discovered (Lide, 2006).

Black Powder

Iridium atom is a cobalt group element atom and a platinum group metal atom.|Iridium is an element with atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.217.|A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.

Iridium Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

192.22

Exact Mass：

192.96300

EC Number：

231-095-9

DSSTox ID：

DTXSID0064674

NCI Thesaurus Code：

C95183

Color/Form：

Silver-white, face-centered cubic lattice

HScode：

28439000

Characteristics

PSA：

XLogP3：

0.00000

Appearance：

White to pale yellow wire

Density：

22.42 g/cm³ @ Temp: 17 °C

Melting Point：

2446 °C

Boiling Point：

4428 °C

Water Solubility：

H2O: INsoluble ;soluble in aqua regia.

Storage Conditions：

Flammables area

Vapor Pressure：

0.467 Pa at melting point

Experimental Properties：

Powdered iridium metal can ignite in air.|Enthalpy of fusion 41.12 kJ/mol|Specific heat 0.0307 cal/g/deg C; Mohs' hardness 6.5|Best solvent: concentrated hydrochloric acid and sodium perchlorate at 125 to 150 °C|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for IRIDIUM, ELEMENTAL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Corrosivity：

Not attacked by any acid or by aqua regia.

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

4.1

Transport codes：

UN 3089 4.1/PG 2

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

36-36/37/38-11

safety instructions：

16-26-36/37/39

Marks：

F,Xi

Precautionary statement(s)：

P210-P305 + P351 + P338

Hazard Statements：

H228-H319

Disposal Methods：

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations

Hazardous Reactivities：

A catalytic metal. The powdered metal may ignite spontaneously in air. Violent reaction or ignition on contact with interhalogens (e.g., bromine pentafluoride; chlorine trifluoride).

GHS Classification：

|Warning|H228 (31.88%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]|P210, P240, P241, P264, P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313, P370+P378, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 202 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fire Potential：

The finely divided catalytic metal may be pyrophoric.

Drug Information

Antidote：

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /"To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

MeSH Entry Terms：

Iridium

Iridium Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

Industrial production can be made from ore by dry method; it can also be produced by wet smelting by-products produced in the production process of copper and nickel sulfide ore from copper and nickel. The wet method uses the residual components after nickel and copper extraction as raw materials, adds aqua regia for extraction, extracts platinum and palladium, and then extracts rhodium, ruthenium, and osmium from the residue. Finally, the residue is added to aqua regia treatment, and the resulting solution is added to ammonium chloride for reaction to generate ammonium chloroiridate precipitate. After recrystallization, ammonium chloroiridate was reduced with hydrogen to produce about 99.9% finished iridium.

Uses

The high melting point and high stability of iridium make it useful in many special occasions, but the brittleness and high temperature loss of iridium limit its application to a certain extent. The earliest application of iridium was as a pen tip material, and later applications for injection needles, balance blades, compass holders, and electrical contacts were proposed. The iridium crucible can be used to grow refractory oxide crystals. The crucible can work at 2100-2200°C for several thousand hours and is an important precious metal vessel material. The high temperature oxidation resistance and thermoelectric properties of iridium make the iridium/iridium rhodium thermocouple the only precious metal temperature measurement material that can measure high temperatures up to 2100℃ in the atmosphere; it can be used as a container material for radioactive heat sources; anodized iridium film is a kind of The promising electrochromic material. Ir192 is a gamma-ray source that can be used for non-destructive testing and radiochemotherapy. At the same time, iridium is a very important alloying element, and some iridium alloys are used in certain key sectors; iridium compounds also have their own special uses.

Formulations：

Occurs with platinum, remains insoluble when the crude platinum is treated with aqua regia, occurs as iridosmine. The powder is obtained by hydrogen reduction of ammonium chloroiridate.

Manufacturing Info：

Iridium: ACTIVE

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:192.22
Exact Mass:192.96292
Monoisotopic Mass:192.96292
Heavy Atom Count:1
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Ammonium chloride

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