Lead tungsten oxide (PbWO4)

455.03800

455.90700

231-849-7

2291

White powder|Yellow tetragonal crystals (stolzite); monoclinic crystals (raspite)

80.26000

-0.85600

8.235 g/cm³

1130 °C

insoluble H2O, cold HNO3; soluble in fixed alkali hydroxides [MER06]

Heat of fusion: 33.4 cal/g|Vapor (gas) Specific Gravity: 15.7 (calc)|Natural raspite decomposes in acid|Natural stolzite: Solubility: insol in nitric acid, soluble in potassium hydroxide; index of refraction: 2.269, 2.182|Natural raspite: Colorless; solubility: 0.03 g/100 cc water, insoluble in alcohol; index of refraction: 2.27, 2.30

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds

LEAD TUNGSTATE has weak oxidizing or reducing powers. Redox reactions can however still occur. The majority of compounds in this class are slightly soluble or insoluble in water. If soluble in water, then the solutions are usually neither strongly acidic nor strongly basic. These compounds are not water-reactive.

UN 2291 6.1/PG 3

3

61-20/22-33-50/53-62

53-45-60-61

T,N

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Chemical Treatability of Lead; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Respirometer Study; Results of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited. /Inorganic lead cmpd/|Chemical Treatability of Lead; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Laboratory Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic Wastewater; Results of Study: No stimulation or inhibition of biological growth (study of Nitrosomonas bacteria). /Inorganic lead cmpd/

Strong oxidizers, hydrogen peroxide, acids. /Lead/

National Toxicology Program; Report on Carcinogens, Thirteenth Edition (2014). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Lead and Lead Compounds are listed as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. /Lead and Lead Compounds/[Available from, as of May 3, 2016: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/roc/roc13/]

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic metal fumes Behavior in Fire: Can emit toxic metal fumes. (USCG, 1999)

|Danger|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+P312, P304+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P314, P330, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 38 companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Rubber gloves, safety glasses, respirator. (USCG, 1999)|Workers who are exposed to lead in any of its forms should wear personal protective equipment (PPE), which should be washed or renewed regularly. Protective clothing made of certain man-made fibers retains much less dust than cotton overalls and should be used where the conditions of work render it possible; turn ups, pleats and pockets in which lead dust may collect should be avoided. /Lead/|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Lead/|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Lead/|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 0.5 mg/cu m. /Lead/[Table#1841]|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for LEAD TUNGSTATE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Extinguishant: Dry sand, dry dolomite, or dry graphite. /Inorganic lead/|If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Lead compounds, NOS/

Lead is combustible in powder form when exposed to heat or flame. /Inorganic lead/

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for lead: Concentration process: Biological treatment. /Lead/|The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for lead: Concentration process: Chemical precipitation. /Lead/|The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for lead: Concentration process: Reverse osmosis. /Lead/|For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for LEAD TUNGSTATE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Cloakroom accommodation should be provided for ... PPE, with separate accommodation for clothing taken off during working hours. Washing accommodation, including bathing accommodation with warm water, should be provided and used. Time should be allowed for washing before eating. Arrangements should be made to prohibit eating and smoking in the vicinity of lead processes and suitable messrooms should be provided. /Lead/|1) The employer shall ensure that all personal protective devices are inspected regularly and maintained in clean and satisfactory working condition. 2) Working clothing and shoes shall not be taken home by employees. The employer shall provide for maintenance and laundering of protective clothing. 3) The employer shall ensure that precautions necessary to protect laundry personnel are taken when soiled protective clothing is laundered. /Inorganic lead compounds/|OSHA has recommended engineering controls over administrative controls and protective equipment to reduce exposures to chemicals in the workplace. The application of employee training and motivation programs (such as job safety analysis) to reduce exposures to chemicals has not been emphasized. To determine the effectiveness of such programs, a pilot project in an alkyl lead production facility was conducted with 35 employees in an effort to reduce exposures to organic and inorganic lead. Results after 12 mo showed a 40% reduction in Pb in urine and a 24% reduction in Pb in blood, both indicators of total exposure to organic and inorganic Pb. /Inorganic and alkyl lead compounds/|Protective clothing shall be changed at least daily at the end of the shift and more frequently if it should become grossly contaminated. /Inorganic lead/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for LEAD TUNGSTATE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Permissible Exposure Limit: (1) The employer shall assure that no employee is exposed to lead at concentrations greater than fifty micrograms per cubic meter of air (50 ug/cu m) averaged over an 8-hr period. (2) If an employee is exposed to lead for more than 8 hr in any work day, the permissible exposure limit, as a time weighted average (TWA) for that day, shall be reduced according to the following formula: Maximum permissible limit (in ug/cu m)=400 divided by the number of hours worked in the day. (3) When respirators are used to supplement engineering and work practice controls to comply with the PEL and all the requirements of paragraph (f) have been met, employee exposure, for the purpose of determining whether the employer has complied with the PEL, may be considered to be at the level provided by the protection factor of the respirator for those periods the respirator is worn. Those periods may be averaged with exposure levels during periods when respirators are not worn to determine the employee's daily TWA exposure. /Lead means metallic lead, all inorganic lead compounds, and organic lead soaps. Excluded from this definition are all other organic lead compounds./

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5 mg/cu m. /Insoluble tungsten compounds (as W)/|15 Min Short-Term Exposure Limit: 10 mg/cu m. /Insoluble tungsten compounds (as W)/|NIOSH considers "Lead" to mean metallic lead, lead oxides, and lead salts (including organic salts such as lead soaps but excluding lead arsenate).|Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.050 mg/cu m /Lead/|Air concentrations should be maintained so that worker blood lead remains less than 0.06 mg Pb/100 g of whole blood. /Lead/

National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards for lead and its compounds, measured as elemental lead by a reference method based on appendix G to this part, or by an equivalent method, are: 1.5 ug/cu m, maximum arithmetic mean averaged over a calendar quarter. /Lead and its compounds, as Pb/|Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Lead compounds are included on this list. /Lead compounds/

D008; A solid waste containing lead may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Lead/

D008; A solid waste containing lead may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Lead/

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Lead tungstate is a white or pale yellow powder. It is used as a pigment. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: There are no data available.

INHALATION: Joint and muscle pains, headache, dizziness and insomnia. Weakness, frequently of extensor muscles of hand and wrist (unilateral or bilateral). Heavy contamination - Brain damage. Stupor progressing to coma - with or without convulsion, often death. Excitation, confusion, and mania less common. Cerebrospinal pressure may be increased. INGESTION: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, loss of appetite, muscular weakness, headache, blue line on gums, metallic taste, nausea and vomiting, joint and muscle pain. (USCG, 1999)

Immediately place under medical care. INHALATION: Remove from further exposure. EYES: Flush with copious amounts of water. SKIN: Wash with soap and water. INGESTION: Induce vomiting and follow with gastric lavage at the earliest possible time. Administer a saline cathartic and an enema. (USCG, 1999)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Lead and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Lead and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Moderate hyperventilation (20 respirations per minute) may be beneficial for increased intracranial pressure. Start IV administration of 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lead and related compounds/|Treatment: Emergency and supportive measures: Treat seizures and coma if they occur. Provide adequate fluids to maintain urine flow (optimally 1-2 mL/kg/hr) but avoid overhydration, which may aggravate cerebral edema. Avoid phenothiazines for delirium, as they may lower the seizure threshold. Patients with increased intracranial pressure may benefit from corticosteroids ... and mannitol ... .|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for LEAD TUNGSTATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

lead tungstate

99.9% purity grade /available/

Lead tungsten oxide (PbWO4): ACTIVE