6-Methylcoumarin

160.17

160.17

4222

202-158-8

EHP8W0L01A

5870

DTXSID9025588

White, crystalline solid|White needles from benzene

2932209090

26.3

1.8

6-methylcoumarin appears as white crystals with a flavor of vanilla. Insoluble in water. (NTP, 1992)

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

76.5 °C

304 °C

303°C/725mm

1.583

Very soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene; slightly soluble in chloroform

Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Somewhat dry, herbaceous (tonka-like) odor; also characterized as a delicate fig or date sweetness.

Almost bitter taste above 50 ppm, turning sweet and vanilla-like at lower levels.

Congealing point: >73.5 °C|UV: 375 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection) /Coumarin, 3-methyl/

Insoluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Esters, such as 6-METHYLCOUMARIN,React with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Generates heat with strong oxidizing acids. The reaction may be sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Also generates heat with basic solutions. Generates flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides. Emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes when heated to decomposition.

NONH for all modes of transport

3

22-42/43

22-36/37-45

GN7792000

Xn

Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.

P261-P280-P342 + P311

H302-H317-H334

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

BIBRA working group; TA:Toxicity profile. BIBRA Toxicology International:5 (1995).

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P313, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1610 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P301+P312, P330, and P501

Fires involving this material should be controlled using a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

The following drugs ... may increase ... response to coumarin or indandione derivatives: alcohol (acute intoxication), allopurinol, aminosalicylic acid, amiodarone, anabolic steroids, chloral hydrate, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, clofibrate, co-trimoxazole, danazol, dextrothyroxine sodium, diazoxide, diflunisal, disulfiram, erythromycin, ethacrynic acid, fenoprofen calcium, glucagon, ibuprofen, indomethacin, influenza virus vaccine, isoniazid, meclofenamate, mefenamic acid, methylthiouracil, metronidazole, miconazole, nalidixic acid, neomycin (oral), pentoxifylline, phenylbutazone, propoxyphene, propylthiouracil, quinidine, quinine, salicylates, streptokinase, sulfinpyrazone, sulfonamides, sulindac, tetracyclines, thiazides, thyroid drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, urokinase, vitamin E. /Coumarin & indandione derivatives/|The following drugs ... may ... decrease ... response to coumarin or indandione derivatives: alcohol (chronic alcoholism), barbiturates, carbamazepine, corticosteroids, corticotropin, ethchlorvynol, glutethimide, griseofulvin, mercaptopurine, methaqualone, oral contraceptives containing estrogen, rifampin, spironolactone, vitamin K. /Coumarin & indandione derivatives/

LD50 Rat oral 1,680 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse subcutaneous 253 mg/kg

...6-Methylcoumarin... undergoes direct photolysis with an estimated half-life of 83 min when illuminated with mid-latitude U.S., noon-centered, equinox sunlight and a quantum yield for photolysis at 313 nm of phi=3 x 10(-3). .../There is/ evidence that singlet molecular oxygen ((1)O2) is formed in illuminated solns containing 6-MC. An estimated value of phi=0.01 is reported for the (1)O2 quantum yield at 313 nm. Formation of (1)O2 is significant because it is known to react with a variety of biomolecules and it is possible that (1)O2 formation is at least partially responsible for reports of 6-MC photoallergenicity and phototoxicity.|Both 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives and indandiones (also known as oral anticoagulants) are antagonists of vitamin K. Their use as rodenticides is based on the inhibition of the vitamin K-dependent step in the synthesis of a number of blood coagulation factors. The vitamin K-dependent proteins ...in the coagulation cascade... are the procoagulant factors II (prothrombin), VII (proconvertin), IX (Christmas factor) and X (Stuart-Prower factor), and the coagulation-inhibiting proteins C and S. All these proteins are synthesized in the liver. Before they are released into the circulation the various precursor proteins undergo substantial (intracellular) post-translational modification. Vitamin K functions as a co-enzyme in one of these modifications, namely the carboxylation at well-defined positions of 10-12 glutamate residues into gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla). The presence of these Gla residues is essential for the procoagulant activity of the various coagulations factors. Vitamin K hydroquinone (KH2) is the active co-enzyme, and its oxidation to vitamin K 2,3-epoxide (KO) provides the energy required for the carboxylation reaction. The epoxide is than recycled in two reduction steps mediated by the enzyme KO reductase... . The latter enzyme is the target enzyme for coumarin anticoagulants. Their blocking of the KO reductase leads to a rapid exhaustion of the supply of KH2, and thus to an effective prevention of the formation of Gla residues. This leads to an accumulation of non-carboxylated coagulation factor precursors in the liver. In some cases these precursors are processed further without being carboxylated, and (depending on the species) may appear in the circulation. At that stage the under-carboxylated proteins are designated as descarboxy coagulation factors. Normal coagulation factors circulate in the form of zymogens, which can only participate in the coagulation cascade after being activated by limited proteolytic degradation. Descarboxy coagulation factors have no procoagulant activity (i.e. they cannot be activated) and neither they can be converted into the active zymogens by vitamin K action. Whereas in anticoagulated humans high levels of circulating descarboxy coagulation factors are detectable, these levels are negligible in warfarin-treated rats and mice. /Anticoagulant rodenticides/

SYMPTOMS: This compound may cause photo-allergic reactions. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is a mild irritant. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Human exposure to second-generation and indandione anticoagulants produces symptoms consistent with anticoagulation effects (e.g., hematomas, hematemesis, hematuria, easy bruisability). Treatment of cases of exposure, particularly of substantial and repeated exposure, may require vitamin K1 therapy and monitoring of prothrombin times for periods of many months.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A Maximization test was carried out on 25 human volunteers. The material was tested at a concn of 4% in petrolatum and produced no sensitization reactions.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ 6-Methylcoumarin, a fragrance material, is a photocontact allergen.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The test agent is applied for 24 hr followed by exposure to 3 minimal erythema doses (med) of solar simulated radiation twice weekly for 3 wk (6 exposures) in a panel of 25 white caucasians. The subjects are challenged 2 wk later with long-wave uv radiation. 6-Methylcoumarin gave a high rate of sensitization.|/SPECIAL STUDIES/ ...Topical pretreatment of /human reconstituted epidermis/ (Episkin), with weak phototoxic compounds /including methyl coumarin/ induced, after UVA exposure, a dose-dependent decr in cell viability, in concordance with an increasing IL-1alpha release. Moreover, compared to chlorpromazine, the lower IL-1alpha release observed with 6-methylcoumarin and ofloxacin could be linked to their weak phototoxic potential. ...

6-methylcoumarin

2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 6-methyl-: ACTIVE|Non-alcoholic beverages 5.2 ppm; ice cream, ices 4.8 ppm; candy 21 ppm; baked goods 24 ppm; gelatins and puddings 39 ppm; chewing gum 0.80-15 ppm.|In public use since the 1920's. Use in fragrances in the USA amount to <1,000 lb/yr. Concentration in final product (%): soap: usual 0.01, max 0.1; detergent: usual 0.001, max 0.01; creams, lotions: usual 0.005, max 0.03; perfume: usual 0.04, max 0.4.|FEMA NUMBER 2699|6-Methylcoumarin was given GRAS status by /the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association/ (FEMA) (1965). The council of Europe (1974) included 6-methylcoumarin at a level of 30 ppm in the list of artificial flavoring substances that may be added to foodstuffs without hazard to public health.

Food additives -> Flavoring Agents|Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT; -> JECFA Functional Classes|Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index|Cosmetics -> Masking; Oral care

Flavoring Agents|Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT;