Phenytoin sodium
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Phenytoin sodium
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CAS No:
630-93-3
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Formula:
C15H12N2O2.Na
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Chemical Name:
Phenytoin sodium
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Synonyms:
2,4-Imidazolidinedione,5,5-diphenyl-,sodium salt (1:1);Hydantoin,5,5-diphenyl-,sodium salt;2,4-Imidazolidinedione,5,5-diphenyl-,monosodium salt;5,5-Diphenylhydantoin sodium;Phenytoin sodium;Sodium 5,5-diphenylhydantoin;Sodium 5,5-diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione;Sodium phenytoin;Soluble Phenytoin;Difhydan;Sodium diphenylhydantoin;Diphenylhydantoin sodium;Dilantin;Hydantoinal;Sodium diphenylhydantoinate;Diphenin;Difenin;Antisacer;Fenitoin sodium;Eptoin;Epelin;Ditoin;Epilan D;Enkefal;Diphenine;Epanutin;Solantyl;Epsolin;Aleviatin sodium;Hydantin;Diphenylan sodium;Diphantoine;Phenytoin soluble;Minetoin;Tacosal;Danten;M-toin;Phenyloin;Prompt;5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione sodium salt;143-75-9;1421-15-4;8017-52-5
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CAS No:
Description
Phenytoin sodium is an inactive voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer.Target: Sodium ChannelPhenytoin sodium is an antiepileptic drug. It is useful to treat partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures but not primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Phenytoin is believed to protect against seizures by causing voltage-dependent block of voltage-gated sodium channels [1]. Phenytoin has low affinity for resting sodium channels at hyperpolariz
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
Characteristics
58.2
2.47
White to almost white Crystalline Powder
290-299ºC
428.2ºC at 760 mmHg
212.8ºC
aqueous base: soluble
Storage location should be close to laboratory where it is to be used, so that only small amounts need to be transported. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of storage area, explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer as required. The area should b
1.2X10-10 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
LD50 orally in mice: 490 mg/kg (Fink, Swinyard)
Odorless
8.33None
Safety Information
Ⅲ
6.1(b)
UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
3
22-43-62-63
22-36/37/39-45
MU1400000
Xn
Sensitive to light
P280
H302-H317-H361
|Danger|H301 (11.25%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P272, P280, P281, P301+P310, P301+P312, P302+P352, P308+P313, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 320 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Drug Information
Drugs used to prevent SEIZURES or reduce their severity. (See all compounds classified as Anticonvulsants.)|Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP1A2. (See all compounds classified as Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers.)|A class of drugs that inhibit the activation of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. (See all compounds classified as Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers.)
5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
Phenytoin sodium Use and Manufacturing
Preparation of Phenytoin Sodium in Water with Sodium chloride (20percent w.r.t Phenvtoin); Phenytoin (2Og) was dissolved in 120 mL of DM water and Sodium hydroxide solution (3.56g dissolved in water 22.5mL) at 25-300C in a 250 mL four-necked RBF. The reaction mixture was filtered and the clear filtrate was collected and Sodium chloride solution (4g Dissolved in water 1OmL) was added to it. The reaction mass was cooled to 5-100C under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred for 60min. The solid was filtered under vacuum nitrogen atmosphere and washed the product with 2OmL of chilled water. The solid was dried at 50-600C under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain 18.5g of dry Phenytoin sodium. Yield : approx. 85percent w.r.t. Phenytoin; Preparation of Phenvtoin Sodium in Water with Sodium Chloride (30percent w.r.t Phenvtoin); Phenytoin (25g) was dissolved in 150 mL of DM water and Sodium hydroxide solution (4.45g dissolved in water 25mL) at 25-300C in a 250 mL four-necked RBF. The reaction mixture was filtered and the clear filtrate was collected and Sodium chloride solution (7.5g Dissolved in water 22mL) was added to it. The reaction mass was cooled to 5-100C under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred for 60min. The solid was filtered under vacuum Preparation of Phenytoin Sodium in Water; Phenytoin (2Og) was dissolved in 120 mL of DM water and Sodium hydroxide solution (3.56g dissolved in water 22.5mL) at 25-300C in a 250 mL four-necked RBF. The reaction mixture was filtered and the clear filtrate was collected. The reaction mass was cooled to 5-100C under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred for 60min. The solid was filtered under vacuum nitrogen atmosphere and washed the product with 2OmL of chilled water. The solid was dried at 50-600C under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain 14.4g of dry Phenytoin sodium. Yield: approx. 66.2percent w.r.t. Phenytoin
Antiepileptic
2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl-, sodium salt (1:1): ACTIVE
Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients
Computed Properties
Molecular Weight:275.26
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
Rotatable Bond Count:2
Exact Mass:275.07964691
Monoisotopic Mass:275.07964691
Topological Polar Surface Area:58.2
Heavy Atom Count:20
Complexity:350
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:2
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes
Drug Function and Efficacy
Antiepileptic drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs. The therapeutic dose does not cause sedation and hypnosis, and has a selective antagonistic effect on the tonic phase of super-strong electric shock and convulsion, but is ineffective or even aggravates the spasm phase. Therefore, it is effective for grand mal epileptic seizures, but ineffective for absence seizures. Its antiepileptic mechanism is generally believed to increase the outflow of sodium ions from cells, reduce the inflow of sodium ions, stabilize the nerve cell membrane, increase the excitation threshold, and reduce the spread of high-frequency discharges in the lesion. In addition, this product shortens the action potential interval and the effective refractory period, and can also inhibit the influx of calcium ions, reduce myocardial autonomy, inhibit the sympathetic center, and have an inhibitory effect on the ectopic rhythm points of the atria and ventricles, and increase the thresholds for atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation.
Registered Holders
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ORCHID PHARMA LTD
Active
United States
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ERREDUE SPA INNOVATIVE CHEMICAL AND LIFE
Active
United States
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RECORDATI INDUSTRIA CHIMICA E FARMACEUTICA S.P.A.
Active
France
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