o-Toluidinium chloride

143.61

143.050171

211-252-8

DX2X117B81

3077

DTXSID7021364

MONOCLINIC PRISMS FROM COLD WATER; RHOMBIC PYRAMIDS FROM HOT WATER

2921430090

26.02000

2.96040

O-toluidine hydrochloride appears as green crystals or white crystalline solid. Melting point 215-217°F. Highly toxic.

1.288 g/cm³

215 °C

242.2 °C

85ºC

INSOL IN ETHER, INSOL IN BENZENE

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should b

Insoluble in water.

Salts, Acidic

O-TOLUIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE acts as a weak acid. Incompatible with oxidizing agents and with alkalis (NTP, 1992).

II

6.1(a)

UN 2811 6.1/PG 2

3

45-20/21/22

53-36/37/39-45

XU7350000

T

Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, alkalies. Light and moisture sensitive.

P201-P280-P308 + P313

H312 + H332-H350

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U222, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|BY ABSORBING IT IN VERMICULITE, DRY SAND, EARTH OR SIMILAR MATERIAL & DISPOSING IN SECURED SANITARY LANDFILL. /O-TOLUIDINE/|Controlled incineration (oxides of nitrogen are removed from the effluent gas by scrubbers and/or thermal devices). /Toluidine/|A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.|For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

DHEW/NCI; Bioassay of o-Toluidine Hydrochloride for Possible Carcinogenicity (1979) Technical Rpt Series No. 153 DHEW Pub No. (NIH) 79-1709|National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. o-Toluidine and o-Toluidine Hydrochloride (636-21-5) are listed as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. /o-Toluidine and o-Toluidine Hydrochloride/[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s178otol.pdf]|DHHS/NTP; NTP Technical Report on Comparative Toxicity Studies of o-Nitrotoluene and o-Toluidine Hydrochloride Administered in Feed to Male F344/N Rats. Toxicity Rpt Series No. 44 NIH Publication No. 96-3936 (1996)

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Danger|H312 (90.7%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]|P201, P202, P261, P271, P280, P281, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P322, P363, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 43 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter). (NTP, 1992)|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

1. VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL OR LEAK. 2. FOR SMALL QUANTITIES, ABSORB ON PAPER TOWELS. EVAPORATE IN SAFE PLACE (SUCH AS FUME HOOD). ALLOW SUFFICIENT TIME FOR EVAPORATING VAPORS TO COMPLETELY CLEAR HOOD DUCTWORK. BURN PAPER IN SUITABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. /O-TOLUIDINE/|2. LARGE QUANTITIES CAN BE COLLECTED & ATOMIZED IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE. /O-TOLUIDINE/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures ... provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight. Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used ... Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used ... should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to it, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured. This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5 ppm (22 mg/cu m). Skin Designation. /o-Toluidine/

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Toluidines are produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart. /Toluidines/

U222; A toxic waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

U222; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when o-toluidine hydrochloride, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

LD50 Mouse oral 1100 mg/kg.|LD50 Rat oral 2951 mg/kg.|LD50 Rat ip 150 mg/kg.|LD50 Mouse ip 113 mg/kg.|LD50 Rat oral 0.94 g/kg. /2-Methylaniline/

A bioassay of o-toluidine hydrochloride for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by admin the test chemical in feed to F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Groups of 50 rats of each sex and 50 mice of each sex were admin o-toluidine hydrochloride at one of several doses, either 3,000 or 6,000 ppm for rats and either 1,000 or 3,000 ppm for the mice, for 101 to 104 wk. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated rats of each sex and 20 untreated mice of each sex. All surviving rats and mice were /sacrificed/ at the end of admin of the test chemical. ... Under the conditions of this bioassay, o-toluidine hydrochloride was carcinogenic in both male and female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice, producing a significant increased incidence of one or more types of neoplasms. ... Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Positive; Female Rats: Positive; Male Mice: Positive; Female Mice: Positive.

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (See all compounds classified as Carcinogens.)|Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant and Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499) (See all compounds classified as Indicators and Reagents.)

Following a single dose (400 mg/kg sc) of o-(methyl-(14)C-toluidine ... to male F344 rats, 56% of the (14)C was recovered in the 24 hr urine, 2.4% in the feces and 1% as exhaled (14)CO2. After 48 hr, 83.9% of the (14)C appeared in the urine, 3.3% in the feces and 1.4% was exhaled. /2-Aminotoluene/|Via the respiratory tract and skin. /2-Aminotoluene/

One of /the/ metabolites /is/ o-nitrosotoluene.

N-oxidation is important in the induction of bladder and liver tumors by the single ring compounds /o-toluidine hydrochloride and o-nitrosotoluidine/ but ... other mechanisms could be involved in the induction of peritoneal, skin, spleen, and mammary tumors.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, central nervous system depression, vesiculation, anorexia, headache, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, dyspnea, toxic psychosis, irritability, stupor, lethargy, unconsciousness, hemolytic anemia, kidney damage, anuria, liver damage, jaundice, bladder ulceration, hematuria and dermatitis. Symptoms of exposure to a related compound include anoxia. Eye burns may occur. Eye irritation may also occur. Other symptoms include skin irritation and coma. Inhalation may cause pallor, low-grade secondary anemia, fatigability and loss of appetite. Death may occur from severe exposure. Corneal damage has been reported. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides. (NTP, 1992)|Carcinogens

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

CLINICAL SIGNS OF INTOXICATION INCL PHYSIOLOGICAL & PSYCHICAL DISTURBANCES & MARKED IRRITATION OF KIDNEYS & BLADDER. ACUTE POISONING ... MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY METHEMOGLOBINEMIA & HEMATURIA. /O-TOLUIDINE/|Toxic effects of toluidines in humans ... include ... headache, difficulty in breathing. /Toluidines/|Cause-specific mortality of 906 workers first employed during 1922-1970 in a dyestuff factory in northern Italy ... a marked excess of bladder cancer was observed (36 observed vs 1.23 expected deaths). The mean latent period was 25 yr. The excess was higher among those with a longer duration of exposure. ... Mortality from bladder cancer was very much higher among those exposed in benzidine and naphthylamines manufacture than among those only exposed in use or intermittent contact. ... There is evidence that o-toluidine ... should be implicated in such excess mortality. Caution in handling ... is suggested. /2-Aminotoluene/|... BLADDER TUMORS /REPORTED/ IN WORKERS ENGAGED ON PRODN OF O-TOLUIDINE &/OR P-TOLUIDINE IN USSR IN 1960'S. CONCN RANGE OF ORTHO- ... MEASURED IN AIR ... WAS 0.5-28.6 MG/CU M. TWO CASES OF BLADDER TUMORS (PAPILLOMAS) ... FOUND WHEN 75/81 ... WORKERS EXAM CYSTOSCOPICALLY. /O-TOLUIDINE/|... /CASE REPORTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES INVOLVING/ OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ... TO TOLUIDINES ... /IS/ SUGGESTIVE OF CARCINOGENIC EFFECT ... /TOLUIDINES /

2-methylaniline

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS A CHEM INT FOR DYES.

Commercial derivatives and uses: triphenylmethane dyes; safranine colors; ... Basic Red 9; Acid Green 25.

Benzenamine, 2-methyl-, hydrochloride (1:1): ACTIVE|Commercial production of ortho-toluidine hydrochloride was last reported in the USA in 1975. One USA company is believed to produce this chemical currently /1982/|Imports of /ortho-toluidine/ hydrochloride were last reported in 1975, when one thousand kg were imported.

Determined in amounts greater than 1 mg by atomic absorption spectrophotometry of the copper-amine complex /Primary amines/|Thin-layer chromatography has been used to separate aromatic amines ... especially from their isomers, on films impregnated with 1,1'-disulphostilbene and visualization by ultraviolet light /and/ ... on silica gel using ... different solvents. /Aromatic amines/|Column chromatography on anion exchange resin ... /has been/ used to separate aromatic amines /Aromatic amines/|... Gel permeation chromatography ... used to separate aromatic amines /aromatic amines/|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for 2-METHYLANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens