1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

152.93

152.93

206-549-4

3163|1078

DTXSID1042021

Volatile liquid or gas

0

2.17 (est)

1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is a colorless nonflammable gas. Nearly odorless.

1.496 g/cm³ @ Temp: 10 °C

-78 °C

28 °C

1.344

102.0 kPa at 303.15 K /620 mm Hg at 25 deg C/

LCLo ihl-mus: 15 pph/2M ANASAB 16,3,61

1.23e-14 cm3/molecule*sec

Henry's Law constant = 9.55X10-2 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Ozone depletion potential = 0.06 (CFC11 = 1)|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant= 1.23X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE is chemically inert in many situations, but can react violently with strong reducing agents such as the very active metals and the active metals. They suffer oxidation with strong oxidizing agents and under extremes of temperature.

3163

23-38

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in selfpressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date. DATES: Removal of Part 2.125(e)(2)(iii) and 2.125(e)(4)(vii) is effective June 14, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(v) and 2.125(e)(4)(iv) is effective December 31, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(iii) is effective June 30, 2011. Removal of 2.125(e)(2)(iv) and Part 2.125(e)(4)(viii) is effective December 31, 2013. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/|Use of ozone-depleting substances in foods, drugs, devices, or cosmetics. (a) As used in this section, ozone-depleting substance (ODS) means any class I substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix A to subpart A, or class II substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix B to subpart A. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is not an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act. (c) A food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act if paragraph (e) of this section specifies the use of that product as essential. For drugs, including biologics and animal drugs, and for devices, an investigational application or an approved marketing application must be in effect, as applicable. ... (e) The use of ODSs in the following products is essential: ... (2) Metered-dose short-acting adrenergic bronchodilator human drugs for oral inhalation. Oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers containing the following active moieties: ... (iv) Pirbuterol. ... (4) Other essential uses. (iii) Anesthetic drugs for topical use on accessible mucous membranes of humans where a cannula is used for application. ... (vi) Metered-dose atropine sulfate aerosol human drugs administered by oral inhalation. ... (viii) Metered-dose ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate, in combination, administered by oral inhalation for human use. (ix) Sterile aerosol talc administered intrapleurally by thoracoscopy for human use. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/

Production and Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances under the Montreal Protocol 1986 - 2004[UNEP; Ozone Secretariat UNEP November 2005, Available from, as of march 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/Publications/Production_and_consumption2005.pdf]|The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer[UNEP; Ozone Secretariat United Nations Environment Programme, The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, Available from, as of March 11, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/pdfs/Montreal-Protocol2000.pdf]|Achievements in Stratospheric Ozone Protection Progress Report: This report covers the important and substantial achievements of the people, programs, and organizations that are working to protect the Earth's ozone layer. As impressive as these accomplishments are, our work is not done. Even though we have reduced or eliminated the use of many ozone-depleting substances, some still remain. Additionally, since ozone-depleting substances persist in the air for long periods of time, the past use of these substances continues to affect the ozone layer today. We must also continue to ensure that the alternatives being brought to the market support the country's long-term environmental goals in a cost-effective manner.[EPA; Achievements in Stratospheric Ozone Protection Progress Report, Available from, as of March 11, 2013: http://www.epa.gov/ozone/downloads/spd-annual-report_final.pdf]|UNEP; Ozone Secretariat. Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer: 2010 Update. The questions address the nature of atmospheric ozone, the chemicals that cause ozone depletion, how global and polar ozone depletion occur, the success of the Montreal Protocol, and what could lie ahead for the ozone layer.[Available from, as of May 21, 2013: http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/SAP/Scientific_Assessment_2010/]|USEPA; Ozone Layer Protection - Alternatives/SNAP Program. List of Substitutes. Substitutes are reviewed on the basis of ozone depletion potential, global warming potential, toxicity, flammability, and exposure potential as described in the final SNAP rule (59 FR 13044). Lists of acceptable and unacceptable substitutes are updated several times each year.[Available from, as of May 21, 2013: www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/lists/index.html]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2. LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Allow substance to evaporate. Ventilate the area. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)|Many of the fluorocarbons are good solvents of skin oil, so protective ointment should be used. /Fluorocarbons/|Forced air ventilation and level of vapor concentration together with the use of individual breathing devices with independent air supply will minimize risk of inhalation. Lifelines should be worn when entering tanks or other confined spaces. /Chlorofluorocarbon/|Neoprene gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection minimize risk of topical contact. /Chlorofluorocarbon or Hydrochlorofluorocarbon/

SUFFICIENT EXHAUST & GENERAL VENTILATION SHOULD BE PROVIDED TO KEEP VAPOR CONCN BELOW RECOMMENDED LEVELS. /FLUOROCARBONS/|Eye washer and instant shower facilities should be located near the work areas where spills and splash hazards exist. /Fluorocarbons/|Inhalation of vapors should be avoided. /Chlorofluorocarbon/|Forced air ventilation at the level of vapor concentration together with the use of individual breathing devices with independent air supply will minimize the risk of inhalation. Lifelines should be worn when entering tanks or other confined spaces. /Chlorofluorocarbon/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane's production and possible use as an alternative to CFCs in applications such as refrigerants, blowing agents, and fire extinguishants(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 140(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon a vapor pressure of 620 mm Hg(4). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2012).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 140(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3), based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.6 hours and 4.9 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 13(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.17(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2012).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 620 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is about 20 years(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.1X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). The estimated water solubility of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane of 232 mg/L at 25 °C(4), indicates that it may undergo atmospheric removal by wet deposition processes; however, any removed by this process is expected to rapidly revolatilize to the atmosphere(SRC). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight in the troposphere(SRC). Partly halogenated hydrocarbons, such as 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane, are less stable than fully halogenated hydrocarbons. They react with hydroxyl radicals and are thus largely removed by tropospheric OH-reactions. Only a fraction of the amounts emitted into the troposphere reaches the stratosphere and can thereby augment the source of halogen catalysts. The global release rates are such that despite tropospheric removal reactions, they nevertheless contribute to the chlorine budget of the stratosphere(6).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 2.1X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 20 years at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight in the troposphere(SRC).|Partly halogenated hydrocarbons, such as 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane, are less stable than fully halogenated hydrocarbons. They react with hydroxyl radicals and are thus largely removed by tropospheric OH-reactions. Only a fraction of the amounts emitted into the troposphere reaches the stratosphere and can thereby augment the source of halogen catalysts. The global release rates are such that despite tropospheric removal reactions, they nevertheless contribute to the chlorine budget of the stratosphere(1).

An estimated BCF of 13 was calculated for 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.17(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane can be estimated to be 140(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is estimated as 9.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3.6 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4.9 days(SRC). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane's Henry's Law constant(3) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon a vapor pressure of 620 mm Hg(3).

Occupational exposure to 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. (SRC)

1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) is a potential alternative to replace ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons. The metabolism of HCFC-123a was studied in microsomes of rats, mice, and humans as well as in rats and mice in vivo. Rat, mouse, and human liver microsomes metabolized HCFC-123a to inorganic fluoride and chlorodifluoroacetic acid. Fluoride formation was dependent on time and NADPH, HCFC-123a, and protein concentration. Microsomes from untreated rats oxidized HCFC-123a at low rates (0.49 nmol fluoride/20 min x mg protein). Pretreatment of rats with pyridine and ethanol, inducers of P450 2E1, increased the rates of fluoride release. In mouse liver microsomes, the rates of HCFC-123a oxidation to release fluoride were significantly higher (1.68 nmol fluoride/20 min x mg) than in rat liver microsomes. Incubation of HCFC-123a with microsomes and diethyldithiocarbamate (100 microM), an inhibitor of P450 2E1, reduced fluoride formation by more than 60%. In different samples of human liver microsomes, rates of fluoride formation were between two- and fourfold higher than those observed in liver microsomes from untreated rats. In rats and mice exposed to concentrations of HCFC-123a up to 5000 ppm in a closed recirculating exposure system, chlorodifluoroacetic acid, and inorganic fluoride were identified as urinary metabolites. The biotransformation of HCFC-123a in rats was saturated after exposure to more than 2000 ppm HCFC-123a for 6 hr, whereas no saturation was evident in mice exposed to concentrations of up to 5000 ppm. The obtained results suggest a major role of P450 2E1 in the oxidation of HCFC-123a and in the different capacities for oxidative biotransformation of HCFC-123a in rodents. Mice may thus be more sensitive to toxic effects of HCFC-123a depending on biotransformation after administration of high doses.

Chlorofluoroalkanes (and also the alternative HCFCs and HFCs) produced on an industrial scale are subject to stringent standards. Impurities must not exceed the following limits (vol %): acids, 0; moisture, <0.001; higher-boiling fractions, <0.05; and other gases, 2. /Chlorofluoroalkanes/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Keep victim calm and warm. (ERG, 2016)

Victims of freon inhalation require management for hypoxic, CNS anesthetic, & cardiac symptoms. Patients must be removed from the exposure environment, & high flow supplemental oxygen should be utilized. The respiratory system should be evaluated for injury, aspiration, or pulmonary edema & treated appropriately. CNS findings should be treated supportively. A calm environment with no physical exertion is imperative to avoid increasing endogenous adrenegic levels. Exogenous adrenergic drugs must not be used to avoid inducing sensitized myocardial dysrhythmias. Atropine is ineffective in treating bradyarrhythmias. For ventricular dysrhythmias, diphenylhydantoin & countershock may be effective. Cryogenic dermal injuries should be treated by water bath rewarming at 40-42 °C until vasodilatory flush has returned. Elevation of the limb & standard frostbite management with late surgical debridement should be utilized. Ocular exposure requires irrigation & slit lamp evaluation for injury. /Freons/|/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations as needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Minimize physical activity and provide a quiet atmosphere. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia,administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for 1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane

Refrigeration/air conditioning, 43%; foam blowing agents, 20%; polymer percursors, 13%; solvent cleaning, 12%; aerosol propellants, 2%; medical equipment sterilization, 3%; other, 7% /Fluorocarbons/|Refrigeration/air conditioning, 46%; fluoropolymer precursors, 28%, foam blowing agents, 20%; solvent cleaning, 3%; Miscellaneous, including aerosol propellants, medical equipment sterilization, food freezing and halon manufacture 3% /Fluorocarbons/

Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoro-: ACTIVE|SRP: The EPA has organized groups of chemicals into two classes according to their ozone-depletion potential. Class I controlled substances are those with an ozone-depletion potential of 0.2 or higher. Class II controlled substances are those with an ozone-potential of less than 0.2. Class II controlled substances are all hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).|Class II controlled substances are compounds that have an ozone depletion potential (ODP) less than 0.2, and are all hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). HCFCs were developed as transitional substitutes for Class I substances and are subject to a later phaseout schedule than Class I substances. ... Although there are currently 34 controlled HCFCs, only a few are commonly used. The most widely used have been HCFC-22 (usually a refrigerant), HCFC-141b (a solvent and foam-blowing agent), and HCFC-142b (a foam-blowing agent and component in refrigerant blends). ... As a Party to the Montreal Protocol, the U.S. must incrementally decrease HCFC consumption and production, culminating in a complete HCFC phaseout in 2030. The major milestones that are upcoming for developed countries are a reduction in 2010 to at least 75 percent below baseline HCFC levels and a reduction in 2015 to at least 90 percent below baseline. Section 605 of the Clean Air Act sets the U.S. phaseout targets for Class II substances. In 1993, the EPA established the phaseout framework and the "worst-first" approach that focused first on HCFC-22, HCFC-141b, and HCFC-142b because these three HCFCs have the highest ODPs of all HCFCs. To meet the required 2004 reduction, the EPA phased out HCFC-141b in 2003 and froze the production and consumption of HCFC-22 and HCFC-142b. In 2009, EPA reduced the production and import of virgin HCFC-22 and HCFC-142b and limited the use of those compounds to meet the Montreal Protocol's 2010 milestones.|The numbers in the "ODP1" column are from the Montreal Protocol. Some numbers have been updated as per amendments to the protocol. The "ODP2" column numbers are from the stratospheric ozone protection regulations at 40 CFR Part 82, as required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. These numbers include the amendments of July 18, 2003 (68 FR 42892). Data in the "ODP3" column come from WMO's /World Meteorological Organization/ Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. ODP values listed are semi-empirical and can be found in Table 8-1 of the document. All GWP values represent global warming potential over a 100-year time horizon. The numbers in the "GWP1" column are from Table 1-6 of The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2002, a report of the World Meteorological Association's Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project. The GWPs in the "GWP1" column that were not provided Table 1-6 of the 2002 report have not been updated since 1998 and are from The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 1998. "GWP2" column numbers are from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001, and "GWP3" column numbers are from 40 CFR Part 82, stratospheric ozone protection regulations required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. The data in the "GWP4" column come from the IPCC Special Report on Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System: Issues related to Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons ("SROC"). The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 2.7 in the document. The numbers in the "GWP5" column come from the WMO's Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 8-2 of the document.|The HCFCs are used as alternatives to CFCs in applications such as refrigerants, blowing agents, cleaning agents, and fire extinguishant. /Alternatives to CFCs; from table/|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for 1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

AREAL Method IP-1A. Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Indoor Air Using Stainless Steel Canisters; Capillary GC/MS; detection limit = ppb (quantity not specified).