Pinane

138.25000

138.25

207-467-1

76674

3295

DTXSID7025922|DTXSID6027638

Oil

2902199090

0

3.07860

Pinane is a clear colorless liquid with lint-like particles. Mild odor. (NTP, 1992)

0.8 g/cm³

<25 °C

169 °C

36ºC

1.454

1.576mg/L(temperature not stated)

2.19 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

4.8 approximately (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)

Lower flammable limit: 0.7% by volume @ 320 deg F (160 deg C); Upper flammable limit: 7.2% by volume @ 320 deg F (160 deg C)

Pinene explodes sharply on contact with organic materials.

Henry's Law constant = 0.35 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Colorless liquid. BP: 167.2-168 °C; density: 0.8575 at 20 °C/4 °C; Index of refraction: 1.4626 at 20 °C/D; Specific optical rotation: -23.6 degrees at 25 °C/D (undiluted) /cis-pinane/|Colorless liquid. BP: 164 °C; density: 0.854 at 20 °C/4 °C; Index of refraction: 1.4610 at 20 °C/D; Specific optical rotation: +21.4 degrees at 25 °C/D (undiluted) /trans-pinane/|Colorless liquid. Insoluble in water. BP: 48-52 °C at 1.3 Pa; density: 1.021 at 20 °C/4 °C; Index of refraction: 1.4898 at 20 °C/D; Specific optical rotation: -27.4 degrees at 25 °C/D (undiluted) /Pinane hydroperoxide/|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.34X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C /trans-isomer/

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated

Highly Flammable

PINANE is incompatible with strong oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)

523 °F (NTP, 1992)|523 °F (273 °C)

Lower flammable limit: 0.7% by volume @ 320 °F (160 °C); Upper flammable limit: 7.2% by volume @ 320 °F (160 °C)

III

UN 2319 3/PG 3

3

10

16

P261, P264, P272, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P321, P331, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P391, P405, P501

H304

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Danger|H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P331, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 258 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H304 (100%): May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]|P261, P264, P272, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P321, P331, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 25 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under ambient temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is stored, weighed and diluted, wear an approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. Splash proof safety goggles should be worn while handling this chemical. Alternatively, a full face respirator, equipped as above, may be used to provide simultaneous eye and respiratory protection. (NTP, 1992)

Pinene explodes sharply on contact with organic materials.

| 0 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.| 0 - Materials that will not burn under typical fire conditions, including intrinsically noncombustible materials such as concrete, stone, and sand.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Nearly 500 compounds were detected in the tissues of Great Lakes fish as compared to 8 in tissues of hatchery-reared fish. Lethal concentrations for many representative compounds were determined by testing their acute toxicity (48-hr EC50) to Daphnia pulex. However, the population growth and survival of aquatic organisms over longer time intervals are usually affected at concentrations much lower than the EC50 for a specific chemical. To develop a general relationship between acute and chronic concentrations for representative compounds detected in Great Lakes fish full-life-cycle testing /was initiated/ on D. pulex with ... pinane. Growth and fecundity of daphnids was measured in 16-d tests in the laboratory ... Pinane was moderately toxic to D. pulex in acute studies ... Cyclic alkanes, many of which are constituents of crude oil were represented by pinane for which the EC50 was 3.35 mg/L / at which the endpoint was growth and survival/.|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ To evaluate the hazard of organic compounds detected in Great Lakes fish by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, ... compounds representative of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and cyclic alkanes and alkenes /were tested/. Sixty-day bioassays on the effects of nicotine, phenanthrene, pinane, and pinene on the behavior, growth, and survival of rainbow trout fry, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were conducted in a large, constant-flow, temperature-controlled water system.

Pinane derivatives occur in wood, the leaves of many plants, algae, and insects. Pinane itself ... does not occur naturally ... formed on the hydrogenation of pinane derivatives

Dihydropinene's production and use as a chemical intermediate for the production of flavor and fragrance chemicals and use in industry for the production of pinane hydroperoxide(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that dihydropinene is expected to have low mobility in soil (SRC). Volatilization of dihydropinene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Dihydropinene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.2 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2008).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that dihydropinene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.4 hr and 4.7 days, respectively(SRC). Dihydropinene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 450(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 4.4(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2008).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dihydropinene, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.19 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dihydropinene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 29 hr(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.34X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Dihydropinene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of trans-dihydropinene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.34X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 29 hrs at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Dihydropinene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Dihydropinene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 450 was calculated for dihydropinene(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 4.35(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of dihydropinene can be estimated to be 1,200(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that dihydropinene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for dihydropinene is estimated as 0.35 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that dihydropinene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3.4 hrs(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4.7 days(SRC). Dihydropinene's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Dihydropinene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.2 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

SURFACE WATER: Dihydropinene was detected in the waters of Lake St. Clair, Lake Erie, and Lake Superior, USA(1).

Dihydropinene was detected not quantified in Beaufort cheese from the French Alps via GC-MS analysis(1).

Occupational exposure to dihydropinene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where dihydropinene is produced or used. Use data suggests that the general population may be exposed to dihyropinene via inhalation of and dermal contact with consumer products containing this compound. (SRC)

The major metabolite of pinane was alpha-terpineol and minor metabolites were pinan-2-ol and pinan-3-ol.|The biotransformation of (+)-, (-)-, and (+-)-alpha-pinenes, (-)-beta-pinene (nopinene), (-)-cis-pinane, (+)-3-carene, (-)-cis-carane, myrcene, and p-cymene in rabbits was investigated. The major metabolites were as follows: (-)-trans-verbenol from (+)-, (-)-, and (+/-)-alpha-pinenes; (-)-10-pinanol and (-)-1-p-menthene-7,8-diol from (-)-beta-pinene; (-)-alpha-terpineol and (-)-trans-sobrerol from (-)-cis-pinane; (-)-m-mentha-4,6-dien-8-ol, 3-caren-9-ol, (-)-3-carene-9-carboxylic acid, and 3-carene-9,10-dicarboxylic acid from (+)-3-carene; carane-9,10-dicarboxylic acid from (-)-cis-carane; and myrcene-3(10)-glycol, myrcene-1,2-glycol, uroterpenol, and p-cymene-9-carboxylic acid from p-cymene. These metabolisms include allylic oxidation, epoxidation, stereoselective gem-dimethyl hydroxylation and its oxidation, cleavage of a conjugated double bond by epoxidation, and regioselective oxidation, some of which are not found usually in chemical reactions, and due to which various new compounds were determined. This biotransformation of the monoterpene hydrocarbons gave some insect pheromones in high yield.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include irritation of the skin and eyes. It may cause nausea if inhaled. It may also cause eye damage. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This chemical may be harmful if swallowed. It may cause irritation of the skin and eyes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Turpentine, terpenes, and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Turpentine, terpenes, and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive- pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... .Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Turpentine, Terpenes, and related compounds/

(-)-cis-pinane

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 2,6,6-trimethyl-: ACTIVE|Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (1R,2S,5R)-rel-: ACTIVE|The oxidation of pinane with air or oxygen gives 2-pinane hydroperoxide or 2-pinanol. In industry, oxidation is carried out in the presence of catalysts.|Pinane derivatives occur in wood, the leaves of many plants, algae, and insects. Pinane itself ... does not occur naturally ... formed on the hydrogenation of pinane derivatives