Dicyandiamide

84.08000

84.08

207-312-8

M9B1R0C16H

0650

2031

DTXSID1020354

MONOCLINIC PRISMATIC CRYSTALS FROM WATER OR ALCOHOL|PURE WHITE CRYSTALS

29262000

85.69000

0.14148

White crystalline powder

1.400 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

209.5 °C

229.8ºC at 760mmHg

92.8ºC

1.612

H2O: 32 g/L (20 ºC)

2-8ºC

0.068mmHg at 25°C

LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 2000 mg/kg

Odorless

Ka= 6X10-15

SOL ABOVE 80 °C DECOMPOSES SLOWLY, YIELDING AMMONIA|EUTECTIC WITH CYANAMIDE @ 35.6 °C (15% DICYANODIAMIDE); SPECIFIC HEAT 0.456 @ 0-204 °C|Stable when dry.|Heat of formation at 25 °C = 24.9 kJ/mol; heat of solution at 15 °C = -24.1 kJ/mol.

-1382 kJ/mol at 25 °C

NONH for all modes of transport

1

R20/21/22

S22-S24/25

ME9950000

Xn

Separated from strong oxidants and strong acids.

Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.

P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P362, P363, P501

H302

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

WHO/IPCS; Dicyandiamide. International Chemical Safety Card (1993). A chemical fact sheet which provides acute hazards of dicyandiamide.|An automated colorimetric method for the determination of cyanoguanine in water.[Pretorius DC et al; Water SA (Pretoria) 17 (4): 273-80 (1991)]|Bowman A et al; Contact Dermatitis 13 (3): 189 (1985). Sensitizing potential of dicyanodiamide /is presented/.|British Industrial Biological Research Association; Toxicity Profile of Dicyandiamide (1988). Toxicity profile presents a comprehensive but concise review of the toxicological data on /dicyandiamide/. ...

Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H302 (88.29%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P322, P330, P363, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1104 companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

NON-FLAMMABLE.

Mixtures of cyanoguanidine with ammonium nitrate, potassium chlorate, etc, were formerly proposed for use as powerful explosives.

British Industrial Biological Research Association; Toxicity Profile of Dicyandiamide (1988). Dicyandiamide did not irritate ... when applied to skin of volunteers. ...

Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from strong oxidants and strong acids.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

Cyanoguanidine's production and use in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, plastics, dye-stuffs, explosives, as a catalyst for epoxy resins, a fire-proofing compound, a stabilizer in detergent compositions, an inhibitor of rancidity in fats and oils, a thinner for oil-well drilling muds(1) and as a paint ingredient(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Cyanoguanidine may be formed during the sewage treatment of nitroguanidine due to abiotic processes(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow of -1.15(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyanoguanidine may have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, when leaching of cyanoguanidine was measured under simulated groundwater conditions (silty loam, pH 6.5) in lysimeters; only 0.6-0.9% of the applied cyanoguanidine was leached over a 5 year period(4); loss was most likely due to biodegradation(SRC). Biodegradation of this compound may be an important fate process in soil under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions(SRC). Mineralization under aerobic conditions was correlated with soil pH but not with organic matter content or total nitrogen(5). In near-neutral soil (pH = 6.8), 10.2 and 41.6% of the added cyanoguanidine-N was mineralized after 12 and 60 days, respectively(5). In other more acidic soils (pH = 4.0-4.3), mineralization after 60 days was only 10-25% that of the near neutral soil(5). Volatilization of cyanoguanidine is not expected to be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.3X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(6).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of -1.15(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), indicates that cyanoguanidine should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Cyanoguanidine is not expected to volatilize from water surfaces(1,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.3X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(3). According to a classification scheme(4), BCF values of <0.3 and <3.1(5), measured in carp, suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of this compound may occur in water under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions(SRC). Cyanoguanidine, added to flooded sediments, was completely degraded under aerobic conditions within 34-44 weeks, while under anaerobic conditions two-thirds of the initial concentration was degraded within 60 weeks(6).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cyanoguanidine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.7X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyanoguanidine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 9 hours(3,SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cyanoguanidine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 4.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 9 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

3.09|BCF values of <0.3 and <3.1 were measured for cyanoguanidine at 2 and 0.2 mg/l, respectively, in carp(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of cyanoguanidine is estimated as approximately 6(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -1.15(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cyanoguanidine has very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, when leaching of cyanoguanidine following mineral fertilization, slurry manuring and decomposition under simulated ground water conditions (silty loam, pH 6.5) was measured in lysimeters(4). After mineral feeding, only 0.6-0.9% of the cyanoguanidine applied in 5 years was leached with the highest leaching rate occurring in October (with 5.6% leached of the added amount)(4).

The Henry's Law constant for cyanoguanidine is estimated as 2.3X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that cyanoguanidine will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2,SRC). Cyanoguanidine's Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces should not occur(SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 28,806 workers (5810 of these are female) are potentially exposed to cyanoguanidine in the US(1). Occupational exposure may be through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where cyanoguanidine is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to cyanoguanidine via dermal contact with products containing cyanoguanidine(SRC).

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

British Industrial Biological Research Association; Toxicity Profile of Dicyandiamide (1988). Dicyandiamide did not ... induce sensitization when applied to skin of volunteers. ...|After 4 yr employment in a factory manufacturing flame retardants, a 29 yr old man developed eczematous reactions on both hands. Patch tests performed with different agents handled by the patient solely at his place of work were positive for the flame retardant and dicyanodiamide, even in high dilutions. Upon changing /positions/, the lesions healed completely. ...

1-cyanoguanidine

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

GRADES: 99% PURE; TECHNICAL.|Commercial cyanoguanidine: cyanoguanidine = 99.3%; water = 0.01%; melamine = 0.7%; thiourea = 200 ppm; heavy metals = 10 ppm.

Adhesive manufacturing|Guanidine, N-cyano-: ACTIVE|In 1990, the total worldwide production of cyanoguanidine was about 30,000 tons.

An analysis system based on high performance liquid chromatography as developed for the /determination/ of dicyandiamide present in different forms of aqueous soln and cell free extracts. This novel method, is siimple, rapid and sensitive with a quantification limit as low as 0.5 ng/mul. ....

Environmental transformation -> Pesticide transformation products (metabolite, successor)

Dicyandiamide is a known environmental transformation product of Cyanamide.