Oxtriphylline

283.33

283.16400

224-798-7

3K045XR58X

760431

C47645

R - Respiratory system

2933990090

90.01000

-1.72570

176-178 °C

Soluble in alcohol and water.

NONH for all modes of transport

Symptoms of toxicity include abdominal pain (continuing or severe), confusion or change in behavior, convulsions (seizures), dark or bloody vomit, diarrhea, dizziness or lightheadedness, fast and/or irregular heartbeat, nervousness or restlessness (continuing), and trembling (continuing).

With a serum concentrations of 17 mcg/mL, adults and children have about 56% theophylline bound to plasma protein, and premature infants have about 36%.

Used to treat the symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, COPD, and emphysema.

Oxtriphylline is a bronchodilator. Oxtriphylline works in several ways: it relaxes muscles in your lungs and chest to allow more air in, decreases the sensitivity of your lungs to allergens and other substances that cause inflammation, and increases the contractions of your diaphragm to draw more air into the lungs.

Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes. (See all compounds classified as Bronchodilator Agents.)

After ingestion, theophylline is released from oxytriphylline in the acidic environment of the stomach.|The kidneys are the main route of elimination for both theophylline and its metabolites, but some unchanged theophylline is eliminated in the feces.|Theophylline has an apparent volume of distribution of 0.3–0.7 L/kg in children and adults, and the Vd is about twice that of an adult in premature infants.|Theophylline has an average clearance in children (over 6 months) of 1.45 mL/kg per minute, and in healthy, nonsmoking adults of 0.65 mL/kg per hour.

Theophylline undergoes hepatic metabolism to 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 1-methyluric acid, and 3-methylxanthine.

The serum half life varies greatly between patients and in age. The half life range for a healthy, nonsmoking adult is 3-12.8 hours, for children is 1.5–9.5 hours, and for for premature infants is 15–58 hours.

Oxtriphylline is a choline salt of theophylline. After ingestion, theophylline is released from oxytriphylline, and theophylline relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels and reduces airway responsiveness to histamine, methacholine, adenosine, and allergen. Theophylline competitively inhibits type III and type IV phosphodiesterase (PDE), the enzyme responsible for breaking down cyclic AMP in smooth muscle cells, possibly resulting in bronchodilation. Theophylline also binds to the adenosine A2B receptor and blocks adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction. In inflammatory states, theophylline activates histone deacetylase to prevent transcription of inflammatory genes that require the acetylation of histones for transcription to begin.

Brondaxin

Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients