Gallium arsenide

144.645

147.87800

215-114-8

27FC46GA44

1557|3077

DTXSID2023779

Cubic crystals, dark gray with metallic sheen|Gray cubic crystals

2853009022

0

-0.31160

Gallium arsenide appears as dark gray crystals with a metallic greenish-blue sheen or gray powder. Melting point 85.6°F (29.78°C).

5.3176 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

1238 °C

3.57

In water, <1 mg/ml @ 20 deg C

Protect container against physical damage. Store in well ventilated area away from food or food products and combustible materials. /Inorganic arsenic cmpd/

Garlic odor when moistened

Hardness 4.5; thermal expansion coefficient: 5.9x10-6; thermal conductivity 0.52 watt units; specific heat 0.086 cal/g/deg c; intrinsic electron concn 10+7; energy gap @ room temp 1.38 electron volts; electron mobility 8800 square cm/volt sec; effective mass for electrons 0.06 m(-0)|Electroluminescent in infrared light|Forms a hydrate which is orthorhombic and it can form acidic salts

Stable in dry air. Tarnishes in moist air. Insoluble in water.

Nitrides, Phosphides, Carbides, and Silicides

GALLIUM ARSENIDE can react with steam, acids and acid fumes. Reacts with bases with evolution of hydrogen. Attacked by cold concentrated hydrochloric acid. Readily attacked by the halogens. The molten form attacks quartz. (NTP, 1992)

II

6.1

UN 1557 6.1/PG 2

3

R23/25

S20/21-S28-S45-S60-S61

LW8800000

T,N

P201-P308 + P313

H350-H372

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater + Pure Compound; Results of Study: 5ppm @ 4gpm @ pH= 7.0. Iron system-90% reduction; low lime system-80% reduction; high lime system-76% reduction; (3 coagulant systems were used; Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 @ pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO @ pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO @ pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration). /Arsenic cmpd/|Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Full Scale Continuous Flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater; Results of Study: Effluent character (ppb): 2.5, 56% reduction with lime; 3.3, 24% reduction with lime; (lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide @ pH= 11.3). /Arsenic cmpd/

Can react with steam, acids, & acid fumes to evolve the deadly poisonous arsine. Molten gallium arsenide attacks quartz.|... WHEN WATER SOLN OF ARSENICALS ARE IN CONTACT WITH ACTIVE METALS SUCH AS ARSENIC, IRON, ALUMINUM, ZINC, ... HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF ARSENIC /INCLUDING ARSINE ARE RELEASED/. /ARSENIC CMPD/|Strong oxidizers, bromide azide [Note: Hydrogen gas can react with inorganic arsenic to form the highly toxic gas arsine.] /Arsenic (inorganic compounds, as As)/

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Carcinogens, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Danger|H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P308+P313, P314, P405, and P501|H301 (12.15%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+P310, P304+P340, P308+P313, P311, P314, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 114 companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P281, P304+P340, P308+P313, P311, P314, P321, P403+P233, P405, and P501|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P307+P311, P308+P313, P314, P321, P405, and P501

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 152 [Substances - Toxic (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Workers should be supplied with suitable protective clothing, protective boots and when there is a risk that the exposure limit for airborne arsenic will be exceeded, respiratory protective equipment. /Arsenic cmpd/|Where there is occupational exposure to inorganic arsenic compounds, protective clothing shall be provided by the employers. This may include underwear, gloves, coveralls, and a hood over the head and neck. /Inorganic arsenic/|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for GALLIUM ARSENIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

ARSENIC IS RECOVERED AS A HYDRATE OF AN AS-GROUP III METAL COMPOUND FROM SOLN OR WASTEWATER.|Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.|Floors and other accessible surfaces contaminated with inorganic arsenic may not be cleaned by the use of compressed air, and shoveling and brushing may be used only where vacuuming or other relevant methods have been tried and found not to be effective. /Inorganic arsenic compounds/

WELL VENTILATED & ALL POISONOUS FUME ... CONDENSED & DUST CONTENT REMOVED. ... EXHAUST HOODS ... WORKTABLES ... EQUIPPED WITH DOWN-DRAUGHT ... VENTILATION. /ARSENIC CMPD/|IN ... /FACTORIES/ WITH ARSENIC HAZARD, FLOORS ... SHOULD BE ... IMPERMEABLE ... TO PREVENT ABSORPTION & ... FLUSHED DOWN FREQUENTLY WITH WATER. /ARSENIC CMPD/|Lockers should be provided with separate compartments for work & personal clothes, & adjacent sanitary facilities of a high standard should be made available. Smoking, eating, & drinking at the workplace should not be allowed. /Arsenic & cmpd/|Employees exposed to arsenic shall wash their hands and exposed skin before eating or smoking during the work shift. No food shall be permitted in areas where arsenic is handled, processed, or stored. Employees shall not smoke in areas where arsenic is handled, processed, or stored. /Inorganic arsenic/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for GALLIUM ARSENIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 152: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Arsenic compound, solid, NOS; Arsenic compound, solid, NOS, inorganic/|/GUIDE 152: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. /Arsenic compound, solid, NOS; Arsenic compound, solid, NOS, inorganic/|/GUIDE 152: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. /Arsenic compound, solid, NOS; Arsenic compound, solid, NOS, inorganic/|/GUIDE 152: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Arsenic compound, solid, NOS; Arsenic compound, solid, NOS, inorganic/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for GALLIUM ARSENIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Trivalent arsenic compounds are corrosive to the skin. /Trivalent arsenic cmpd/|ARSENICAL DUSTS ... ARE IRRITATING TO UPPER RESP TRACT & EYES. CONJUNCTIVITIS PRODUCED BY ... THESE SUBSTANCES ARE CHARACTERIZED BY ITCHING, BURNING, & WATERING OF EYES. ... /INORGANIC ARSENIC DUSTS/

8 hr Time-Weighted avg: 10 ug/cu m./Arsenic, inorganic cmpd (as As)/|Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-Hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.5 mg/cu m. /Arsenic, organic cmpd (as As)/

5 mg/cu m (as As); NIOSH considers arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Ceiling Limit: (0.002 mg/cu m). /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/|NIOSH usually recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration. /Arsenic (inorganic compounds, as As)/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Gallium arsenide is included on this list.|(a) The owner or operator of an existing glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 2.5 Mg (2.7 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|(b) The owner or operator of a new or modified glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 0.4 Mg (0.44 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|The owner or operator of each copper converter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall reduce inorganic arsenic emissions to the atmosphere by meeting the following design, equipment, work practice, and operational requirements: (1) Install, operate, and maintain a secondary hood system on each copper converter. Each secondary hood system shall consist of a hood enclosure, air curtain fan(s), exhaust system fan(s), and ductwork that conveys the captured emission to a control device ... (2) Optimize the capture of secondary inorganic arsenic emission by operating the copper converter and secondary hood systems at all times ... . /Inorganic arsenic/|For more Atmospheric Standards (Complete) data for GALLIUM ARSENIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.| 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.

D004; A waste containing arsenic may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Arsenic/

LD50 Mouse ip 4700 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 4.7 mg/kg

2 Year Study in Rats: Groups of 50 male and female F344/N rats were exposed by inhalation to gallium arsenide particulate at concn of 0, 0.01, 0.1 or 1.0 mg/cu m 6 hr day/5 days/wk for 105 wk. ... 2 Yr Study in Mice: Groups of 50 male and 50 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed by inhalation to gallium arsenide particulate at concn of 0, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/cu m/6 hr day 5/days/wk for 105 wk (for males) or 106 wk (females). CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of these 2 yr inhalation studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of gallium arsenide in male F344/N rats exposed to 0.01, 0.1 or 1.0 mg/cu m. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in female F344/N rats based on incr incidences of benign and malignant neoplasms of the lung. Incr incidences of benign neoplasms of the adrenal medulla and incr incidences of mononuclear cell leukemia were also considered exposure related. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity in male or female B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/cu m.|... The potential effects of gallium arsenide on the immune system of mice were studied following intratracheal exposure. Design Gallium arsenide ... was ground in a mortar and pestle and administered to female B6C3F1 mice as a suspension of particles in saline containing 0.05% Tween 80; mean particle size of 1.5 mm. Prior to exposure, mice were anesthetized by an intravenous injection of hexobarbital (80 mg/kg). Mice received a single intratracheal instillation of the material at dose levels of 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg in a volume of 0.1ml. Control groups received vehicle or 10 mg/kg sodium arsenite ... also by the intratracheal route. Animals were sacrificed 15 days after the exposures for immune testing. For each of the parameters examined, usually 8 mice were examined per treatment and vehicle group except the sodium arsenite control group which consisted of 4 mice per group. ... There were no treatment-related effects on mortality. In most cases there were no effects on body weight although in one replicate experiment a decrease in weight was observed in the high dose group and body weight gain was decreased over the 2 week post-exposure. Spleen weights were increased in all gallium arsenide treated groups while thymus weights were decreased at the high dose ... . A dose-response increase in lung weights occurred following treatment but none of the individual values were significant. The lungs were characterized by darkened areas consisting of lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration. There was a tendency (not significant) for a treatment-related decrease in peripheral leukocyte counts ... which was associated with a significant decrease in peripheral lymphocyte counts in the 200 mg/kg treatment group (not shown). ... Gallium arsenide suppressed the following immune parameters dose- dependently: the IgM and IgG (not shown) antibody response to sheep erythrocytes, the delayed hypersensitivity response to KLH, the mixed leukocyte response (MLR), and, to a lesser extent, splenic B lymphocyte numbers. There were no effects on mitogenesis or T lymphocyte numbers. Although there was a treatment-related increase in the natural killer cell response, the values from the control group were below historical control values. Bone marrow changes were not observed except for an increase in CFU-C1s when based upon total cellularity ... . ... Exposure to gallium arsenide increased the resistance to Listeria monocytogenes and to a lesser extent, PYB6 tumor cell growth, while decreasing resistance to pulmonary burden of B16F10 melonoma. There were no consistent treatment-related effects on resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae. ... Under these experimental conditions, gallium arsenide produced multiple immunotoxic effects. The effects could result from a direct action of the chemical on lymphoid cells or indirectly via local pulmonary damage. The later may account for the variability observed in the host resistance models.|... The potential for gallium arsenide to cause developmental toxicity was assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 (Swiss) mice exposed to 0, 10, 37, or 75 mg/cu m gallium arsenide, 6 hr/day, 7 days/week. Each of the four treatment groups consisted of 10 virgin females (for comparison), and approx 30 positively mated rats or approximately 24 positively mated mice. Mice were exposed on 4-17 days of gestation (dg), and rats on 4-19 days of gestation. The day of plug or sperm detection was designated as 0 days of gestation. Body weights were obtained throughout the study period, and uterine and fetal body weights were obtained at sacrifice (rats, 20 days of gestation; mice, 18 days of gestation). Implants were enumerated and their status recorded. Live fetuses were sexed and examined for gross, visceral, skeletal, and soft-tissue craniofacial defects. Gallium and arsenic concentrations were determined in the maternal blood and uterine contents of the rats (3/group) at 7, 14, and 20 days of gestation. Pregnant and virgin rats exhibited signs of pulmonary toxicity (dyspnea and grey, mottled lungs); however, there were no effects on maternal body weight. Developmental toxicity in the form of concentration-related growth retardation, evidenced as reduced fetal body weight and an increased incidence of skeletal variations became statistically significant at 37 mg/cu m. There was no evidence of embryotoxicity or frank teratogenicity. The maternal NOAEL for inhaled gallium arsenide in rats is at least 10-mg/cu m. The NOAEL for developmental toxicity is 10 mg/cu m if determined solely on the basis of adverse effects achieving statistical significance; however, nonsignificant indications of developmental toxicity were present at this exposure concentration. Determination of gallium and arsenic concentrations in maternal rat blood and in the conceptus showed that arsenic concentration in the blood achieved high levels (170 mg/g at 75 mg/cu m on 20 days of gestation), increased with exposure concentration, and over the course of exposures. Arsenic concentrations in the developing fetus were elevated above controls in a concentration-related fashion (2.2 mg/g at 75 mg/cu m on 20 days of gestation), but were far exceeded by maternal blood concentrations. The excess arsenic in the maternal blood was probably tightly bound to hemoglobin in the erythrocytes, and thus was not available for placental transfer. Gallium concentrations were much lower than arsenic levels in both the maternal blood and in the conceptus, but gallium concentration was greater in the fetus than in the dam (approximately 1.3 vs. 0.5 mg/g at 75 mg/cu m on 20 days of gestation, respectively). Swiss (CD-1) mice were much more sensitive to the effects of gallium arsenide than were the rats. The two highest exposure concentrations were maternally lethal to some animals; body weights and body weight gains were reduced in survivors of both of these groups. mice in the 37 and 75 mg/cu m groups exhibited signs of pulmonary toxicity; minimal pulmonary toxicity was observed in the 10-mg/cu m mg/cu m group. A NOAEL for maternal toxicity in mice was not achieved in this study. Developmental toxicity was evident in all three exposed groups, and became statistically significant at the 37-mg/cu m exposure concentration. There were signs of embryolethality, fetal growth retardation, significant increases in the incidence of fetal variations (primarily sternebral defects), and a slight, but not statistically significant, increase in the incidence of fetal malformations. A NOAEL for developmental toxicity was not achieved in this study.

GALLIUM, INDIUM, PHOSPHORUS, & ARSENIC ARE BASE MATERIALS IN SEMICONDUCTOR MFR. WASTE OCCURS AS SLURRY & AS COMPD DISSOLVED IN AQ, ALK, & ACIDIC SOLN. A GAS WASTE SLUDGE RECOVERY & TREATMENT SYSTEM IS DISCUSSED.

Gallium arsenide is an intermetallic compound that is recognized as a potential toxicological risk to workers occupationally exposed to its dust /in semi-conductor industries/.

After exposure to 75 mg/ml of GaAs, the analysis of tissues from pregnant rats showed that gallium levels in the maternal blood were 300 fold less than the arsenic concentrations. Thus the fetal changes were due to the arsenic, not the gallium. The gallium concentrations in the fetus were greater than in the mother. The increase in the material and fetal gallium tissue concentrations at 75 mg/cu m were not proportional to the increases at 37 mg/cu m.|After intratracheal instillation into hamsters of GaAs ..., the compound was absorbed from the lungs in 24 hr. The blood levels were lower in the GaAs treated group. The arsenic blood levels in the hamsters treated with GaAs peaked at 48 hr and remained constant for 48 hr. ... After 4 days 50 percent of the arsenate ... was excreted in the urine ... . The slower absorption of GaAs from the lungs may account for the lesser fecal excretion|Excretion of arsenic absorbed from GaAs is probably as rapid as that found after inorganic arsenic administration; about 35% of soluble sodium arsenite was excreted within 48 hours in humans. GaAs is absorbed slowly from the lung, so arsenic excretion is expected to continue for several weeks after GaAs exposure. GaAs remaining in the lung is eliminated slowly; a single intratracheal dose of 100 mg/kg was excreted in about 3 months and had a half life in the range of 2 weeks.|A dose of 30 mg/kg of GaAs introduced into the lung by intratracheal administration produced enzymatic changes in the body characteristic of soluble arsenic compounds; equivalent changes were observed only when 1000 mg/kg GaAs was given by oral administration. The cumulative absorption of GaAs from the lung as measured by the amount of arsenic found in blood and urine was approximately 10-20% of the administered dose, and this appeared over a period of several days ... . This absorption was fairly constant over the dose range of 10-100 mg/kg ... . After oral administration, the amount absorbed appeared to depend on dose in the range 10-1,000 mg/kg; at 1000 mg/kg, less than 1% was absorbed, but the percentage of the dose absorbed rose to almost 10% at the 10 mg/kg dose. These results are all based on arsenic data because no gallium was detected in either blood or urine. Lung and fecal analyses found more gallium than arsenic, suggesting that gallium was more poorly absorbed from the lung than was arsenic and greater amounts of gallium were cleared from the lung by mucociliary mechanisms and subsequently swallowed.|Gallium arsenide administered by oral gavage at single doses of 10, 100, or 1,000 mg/kg to male Fischer rats ... or male Syrian hamsters Yamauchi was only slightly soluble in the gastrointestinal tract and therefore absorption was minimal. Fourteen days after dosing with gallium arsenide, 90.7% + or - 35.4% of the arsenic and 99.4% + or - 38.7% of the gallium was eliminated in the feces in the 1,000 mg/kg group. Less than 0.02% of the arsenic was excreted in the urine, and 0.3% was detected in the blood. Gallium was not detected in the blood or urine. Five days after dosing in hamsters, more than 80% to 90% of the total arsenic dose from gallium arsenide was eliminated in the feces, and less than 0.15% was excreted in the urine.

A number of experiments have demonstrated that GaAs dissociates in the lung or gut of mammals to gallium & arsenic with the latter behaving metabolically as any other inorganic arsenic species.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include diarrhea, hypotension, weakness, cardiac failure, convulsions, coma, nervousness, headache, dizziness hypothermia, abdominal cramps, irritability, paralysis, cardiac arrhythmia, respiratory edema, dyspnea, cyanosis, coughing, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis, anesthesia, paresthesia, alopecia, dermatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, salivation, aplastic anemia, kidney damage, anuria, liver damage, jaundice, hematuria, proteinuria and leukopenia. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition, this compound emits very toxic fumes of arsenic. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: Some heavy metals are VERY TOXIC POISONS, especially if their salts are very soluble in water (e.g., lead, chromium, mercury, bismuth, osmium, and arsenic). IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them. Also locate Ipecac syrup or a glass of salt water in case the medical advisor recommends inducing vomiting. Usually, this is NOT RECOMMENDED outside of a physician's care. If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

A single intracheal instillation of GaAs at 100 mg/kg produced mitochondrial swelling in renal proximal tubule cells similar to that observed with arsenical exposure.|Potential health & safety hazards posed by feedstock materials & residuals generated in the large-scale manufacture of gallium arsenide alloy based multi-junction photovoltaic cells are identified.

GaAs

More than 95% of gallium consumed in the US was in the form of gallium arsenide.

Grades: ingots; polycrystalline form in high purity electronic grade; single crystals. Often alloyed with gallium phosphide or indium arsenide.

Gallium arsenide (GaAs): ACTIVE|Gallium arsenide single crystals have been grown by the Czochralski technique and by the floating zone method. Extensive twinning occurs.

Fire Hazards -> Carcinogens, Reactive - 2nd degree