Divinylbenzene

130.19

130.078247

215-325-5

8Z4W41DJ9H

0885

1993|2049

DTXSID2025216|DTXSID30110005

Pale, straw-colored liquid.

29029090

0

3.59 (estimated)

Colorless to pale yellow Liquid

0.9 g/cm³

-66.9 °C

200 °C

148 °F

n 20/D 1.561(lit.)

Miscible with ethanol and ether. Immiscible with water.

2-8°C

0.9 mm Hg ( 30 °C)

4.5 (vs air)

Oral-rat LDL0: 9200 mg/kg

Flammable; spicy and irritating smoke is released from the fire

1.1-6.2%(V)

Commercial product contains all three isomers, but the m-isomer predominates. Usually contains an inhibitor to prevent polymerization.|The commercial form contains the three isomeric forms together with ethylvinylbenzene and diethylbenzene.|Molecular weight: 130.08; refractive index: 1.5326 @ 25 °C/D; viscosity: 0.883 cP @ 25 °C; surface tension: 30.55 dyn/cm @ 25 °C; density: 0.8979 g/cu cm @ 20 °C; boiling point: 180 °C (calculated); critical pressure: 2.45 MPa (calculated); critical temperature: 348 °C (calculated); latent heat of vaporization: 320.49 J/g at boiling point; water solubility: 0.0065 % @ 25 °C; infinitely soluble in acetone, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, ethanol /22% Divinylbenzene/|Molecular weight: 130.18; refractive index: 1.5585 @ 25 °C/D; viscosity: 1.007 cP @ 25 °C; surface tension: 32.10 dyn/cm @ 25 °C; density: 0.9126 g/cu cm @ 20 °C; boiling point: 195 °C (calculated); freezing point: -45 °C; critical pressure: 2.45 MPa (calculated); critical temperature: 369 °C (calculated); latent heat of vaporization: 350.62 J/g at boiling point; water solubility: 0.0052 % @ 25 °C; infinitely soluble in acetone, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, ethanol /55% Divinylbenzene/|Molecular weight: 130.19; boiling point: 82 °C @ 14 mm Hg; density: 0.9325 g/cu cm at 22 °C; refractive index: 1.5767 @ 20 °C/D; soluble in acetone, benzene /o-Divinylbenzene/|Molecular weight: 130.19; melting point: -52.3 °C; boiling point: 121 °C @ 76 mm Hg, 52 °C @ 3 mm Hg; density: 0.9294 g/cu cm @ 20 °C; refractive index: 1.5760 @ 20 °C/D; soluble in acetone, benzene /m-Divinylbenzene/|Molecular weight: 130.19; melting point: 31 °C; boiling point: 95 °C @ 18 mm Hg, 34 °C @ 0.2 mm Hg; density: 0.913 g/cu cm @ 40 °C; refractive index: 1.5835 @ 25 °C/D; soluble in acetone, benzene /p-Divinylbenzene/

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Hydrocarbons, Aromatic

Highly Flammable

DIVINYL BENZENE may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. Can react exothermically with reducing agents (such as alkali metals and hydrides) to release gaseous hydrogen. May react exothermically with both acids and bases. May in the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators undergo exothermic polymerization. Inhibited by presence of an additive. When uninhibited violent polymerization may occur (NTP, 1992). Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction.

500 °C

Lower flammable limit: 0.7% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 6.2% by volume|Class IIIA Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 140°F and below 200°F.

III

9

NA 1993 / PGIII

2

37/38-41-22-52/53

7-23-26-36-45-39-61

CZ9370000

Xi,Xn

Storeroom low temperature, ventilated, dry; not long-term storage; fire prevention; stored separately from oxidants

Explosive when mixed with air

Stable in the presence of added inhibitor, but may polymerize in the absence of inhibitor. Light and heat sensitive. Incompatible with heavy metal salts, oxidizing agents, acids.

P273-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P304 + P340 + P312-P305 + P351 + P338 + P310-P333 + P313

H302-H315-H317-H318-H335-H412

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Incineration in a furnace equipped with after-burner & scrubber.

Reacts with acids, oxidizing materials, peroxides, metal salts such as iron chloride or aluminum chloride, or polymer initiators.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Above 76 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.|Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Warning|H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, and P337+P313|Aggregated GHS information provided by 40 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H302 (43.46%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 591 companies from 26 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Not Classified|Danger|H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P281, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P321, P337+P313, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]|P273, P391, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. Provide: Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2016)|Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. /Divinyl benzene (flammable liquid, combustible liquid, not otherwise specified)/|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.]|(See protection codes)

Combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.

Lower, 1.1%; Upper, 6.2% in air. /DVB-22/|Explosive limit in air is equal to or greater than 1.1% (could not be measured at 130 °C). /DVB-55/|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.1-6.2

Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected lequipmentor maximum possible distance. Use remote equiment wherever possible.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Adsorb in noncombustible material (e.g., sand) for proper disposal. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors and protect personnel. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Eyes & skin should be protected, & respiratory equipment should be used above the irritant level.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid bodily contact with the material.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for VINYLSTYRENE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Above 100 ppm, eye & nasal irritation may occur.|Skin ... /irritant/.|Divinylbenzene is moderately irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract by exposure routes of inhalation, ingestion, and skin and/or eye contact.|The lower molecular weight esters of acrylic acids are irritants to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. /Acrylic acid esters/

Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 10 ppm (50 mg/cu m).

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from oxidants. Cool. Store only if stabilized.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

NO open flames. Above 76 °C use a closed system and ventilation.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.|W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water.

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of vinylstyrene stem from its toxicologic properties and flammability. Toxic primarily via inhalation and skin contact, exposure to this pale straw-colored liquid may occur from its use as a copolymer with styrene in ion-exchange resins, and as a monomer and crosslinking agent in the manufacture of special synthetic rubbers, drying oils, casting resins, and polyesters. Effects from exposure may include skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation. OSHA has extablished a time weighted average (TWA) limit of 10 ppm as a final rule to become effective December 31, 1992. Engineering controls should be used to maintain airborne levels of vinylstyrene at or below the permissible limit. In activities and situations where over-exposure may occur, wear chemical protective clothing and a self-contained breathing apparatus. Vinylstyrene will ignite if moderately heated, and may polymerize in the heat of a fire. For fires involving vinylstyrene, extinguish with dry chemical, CO2, foam, water spray or fog. Fight such fires from a safe distance or protected location. Vinylstyrene should be stored in cool, dry, well-ventilated locations, away from sources of ignition and physical damage. Build dikes to prevent any spilled vinylstyrene from entering water sources and sewers. Before implementing land disposal of vinylstyrene waste, consul t with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

Vinylstyrene was identified as a stack emission from waste incinerators(1). Vinylstyrene was detected in 1 of 63 industrial wastewater effluents at a concn less than 10 ug/l(2). The combustion of propane in the presence of HCl emitted vinylstyrene in the flue gases(3).

practically nontoxic

LD50 Rat (male) oral 4640 mg/kg|LD50 Rat (female) oral 4100 mg/kg

Vinylstyrene is produced as a mixture of isomers and its production and use as a polymerization monomer for special synthetic rubbers, drying oils, ion-exchange resins, casting resins, and polyesters(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste(SRC). Vinylstyrene was identified as a stack emission from waste incinerators(2). The combustion of propane in the presence of HCl emitted vinylstyrene in the flue gases(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated Koc values ranging from 1,600 to 1,700(SRC) for ortho-, meta- and para-vinylstyrene, determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicate that vinylstyrene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of vinylstyrene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.0014 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) for the ortho-, meta- and para-isomers, using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Meta-vinylstyrene is expected to volatilize slowly from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.579 mm Hg(6). Ortho- and para-vinylstyrene are expected to behave similarly based upon their estimated vapor pressures of 0.66 and 0.53(SRC), respectively, determined from a fragment constant method(4). In a 4-week biodegradation screening test (MITI test) using meta- or para-vinylstyrene and an activated sludge inoculum, 0% of BOD was removed(5). Data regarding the biodegradation of vinylstyrene in soil were not available(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated Koc values ranging from 1,600 to 1,700(SRC) for the ortho-, meta- and para-isomers, determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicate that vinylstyrene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.0014 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) for the ortho-, meta-, and para-isomers, developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification (5), BCF values ranging from 206-444(6) for the meta- or para-isomer of vinylstyrene, suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Vinylstyrene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(3). In a 4-week biodegradation screening test (MITI test) using for the meta- or para-isomer of vinylstyrene and an activated sludge inoculum, 0% of BOD was removed(6). Data regarding the biodegradation of vinylstyrene in aquatic systems were not available(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), meta-vinylstyrene, which has a vapor pressure of 0.579 mm Hg at 25 °C(6), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Estimated vapor pressures of 0.66 and 0.53 mm Hg at 25 °C for ortho- and para-vinylstyrene, respectively, determined from a fragment constant method(2), indicate that they will also exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase vinylstyrene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7.1 hours(SRC) for the ortho-, meta- and para-isomers, calculated from their rate constant of 5.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ortho-, meta-, and para-vinylstyrene with ozone has been estimated as 4.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(4). Direct photolysis by sunlight is not expected(SRC), since the ortho-isomer of vinylstyrene does not have any absorbances >290 nm(5) and the other isomers of vinylstyrene would be expected to behave similarly.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinylstyrene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinylstyrene with ozone has been estimated as 4.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Vinylstyrene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(3). Direct photolysis by sunlight is not expected(SRC), since the ortho-isomer of vinylstyrene does not have any absorbances >290 nm(4).

A BCF range of 206-444 was measured for vinylstyrene(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for vinylstyrene can be estimated to be 1,700(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that vinylstyrene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constants for ortho-, meta-, and para-vinylstyrene are estimated as 0.0014 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that vinylstyrene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). Vinylstyrene's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Meta-vinylstyrene is expected to volatilize slowly from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.579 mm Hg(4). The ortho- and para-isomers are expected to behave similarly based upon their estimated vapor pressures of 0.66 and 0.53(SRC), respectively, determined from a fragment constant method(3).

DRINKING WATER: Vinylstyrene was detected in trace quantities in 4 of 18 drinking water concentrates from the cities of Cincinnati, OH; Miami, FL; New Orleans, LA; Ottuma, IA; Philadelphia, PA; and Seattle, WA(1). A chemical analysis of tap water from three municipal water plants using bank filtered Rhine (Netherlands) water reported vinylstyrene at maximum concentrations of 30 ng/L(2,3).

Occupational exposure to vinylstyrene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where vinylstyrene is produced or used. Only limited monitoring data were found. These data indicate that the general population may be exposed to vinylstyrene via inhalation of ambient air contaminated with emissions from waste incinerators and drinking water. (SRC)

Divinyl benzene is structurally similar to styrene and is likely to be biotransformed by the same metabolic pathways.|... Female Wistar-rats were given a single intraperitoneal (ip) dose of diethenylbenzene (DEB) at 300mg/kg. Diethenylbenzene was extensively oxidized to an electrophilic oxirane which was attacked by glutathione forming conjugates which were further metabolized through the mercapturic-acid pathway to form mercapturic acids. Another important pathway involved the epoxide-hydrolase catalyzed hydration of the oxirane forming a glycol which was further oxidatively metabolized to ethenyl mandelic, glyoxylic and benzoic acids. A minor metabolic pathway involved the rearrangement of the oxirane to an ethenyl phenylacetaldehyde. Rats given a single ip dose of 1,4-diethenylbenzene excreted nearly 5.6 percent of the dose as the glycine conjugate, regardless of the dose given. The total thioether fraction decreased significantly with increasing initial doses accounting for 23, 17, and 12 percent of the doses at 100, 200, and 300mg/kg, respectively.|... Adult female Wistar-rats were injected intraperitoneally with 100, 200, or 300mg/kg diethenylbenzene (DEB). ... The major identified metabolites were 3-ethenylphenylglyoxylic-acid, 3-ethenylmandelic-acid, N-acetyl-S-(2-(3-ethenylphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine, and N-acetyl-S-(1-(3-ethenylphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-L cysteine. ... Total thioether excretion expressed as a percentage of the dose was 32.5% after 100mg/kg, 25.3% after 200mg/kg, and 27.1% after 300mg/kg DEB.|There is concern about the potential carcinogenicity of divinyl benzene because it can be oxidized by cytochrome P450 to styrene-7,8-epoxide.

THE COMMERCIAL FORM /OF VINYLSTYRENE/ CONTAINS THE 3 ISOMERIC FORMS TOGETHER WITH ETHYLVINYLBENZENE & DIETHYLBENZENE.

Exposure Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; skin burns; in animals: central nervous system depressant/depression Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system (NIOSH, 2016)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Mild irritation has been observed in workers acutely exposed by inhalation, as well as from skin and eye contact.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation exposure may cause cough and/or sore throat. Skin or eye exposure may cause redness and/or pain.

1,2-divinylbenzene

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; skin burns; In Animals: central nervous system depression

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

The commercial grade of divinylbenzene ... contains all three isomeric forms, but the meta isomer predominates.|Inhibitors are added to divinylbenzene to prevent the autopolymerization, which occurs at elevated temperatures for the meta and para isomers.|DICHLOROVOS EMULSION CONCN ARE DESCRIBED WHICH CONTAIN STYRENE OR STILBENE DERIVATIVES AS STABILIZERS. THE FORMULATION CONSISTS OF DICHLOROVOS 40 STYRENE 18 VINYLSTYRENE (MIXTURE OF M- & P-DIVINYLBENZENE) 10 4,4'-DIMETHOXYSTILBENE 2 & POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOOLEATE 30%.

Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities|Benzene, diethenyl-: ACTIVE|Production of these resins /ion-exchange resins containing DVB/ is estimated to increase 5-10% per year. Other markets show little growth, although research at the University of Akron indicates future increased use of thermoplastic elastomers containing DVB as the heart of a radial or star-configuration block copolymer.|Typical chemical analysis of divinylbenzene: polymer, 100 ppm; aldehydes as CHO, 40 ppm; peroxides as hydrogen peroxide, 5 ppm; sulfur as S, 230 ppm; TBC, 1000 ppm; total unsaturation (as ethylvinylbenzene), 149.4 wt%; m-divinylbenzene, 36.4 wt%; p-divinylbenzene, 18.6 wt%; total divinylbenzene, 55.0 wt%; m-ethylvinylbenzene, 25 wt%; p-ethylvinylbenzene, 13 wt%. /DVB-55/|Typical chemical analysis of divinylbenzene: polymer, 100 ppm; aldehydes as CHO, 40 ppm; peroxides as hydrogen peroxide, 5 ppm; sulfur as S, 20 ppm; TBC, 1000 ppm; total unsaturation (as ethylvinylbenzene), 83.3 wt%; m-divinylbenzene, 17.1 wt%; p-divinylbenzene, 8.2 wt%; total divinylbenzene, 25.3 wt%; m-ethylvinylbenzene, 23.1 wt%; p-ethylvinylbenzene, 10 wt%. /DVB-22/|A SLOW-RELEASE INSECTICIDAL FUMIGATION DEVICE IS OBTAINED BY IMPREGNATING PLATES MADE OF HIGH-DENSITY POROUS MATERIAL WITH DICHLOROVOS. A 360 G POROUS ALUMINA PLATE IS IMPREGNATED WITH A MIXTURE OF DICHLOROVOS 20, DIETHYL PHTHALATE 18, 4-METHOXYSYTRENE 0.4 & VINYLSTYRENE (MIXTURE OF M- & P-DIVINYLBENZENE) 1.6 G.|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for VINYLSTYRENE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Method: OSHA 89, Gas Chromatography using Flame Ionization Detection; Analyte: divinylbenzene; Matrix: air; Reliable Quantitation Limit: 94 ppb (500 ug/cu m)

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree