Gemcitabine hydrochloride
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Gemcitabine hydrochloride
structure -
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CAS No:
122111-03-9
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Formula:
C9H11F2N3O4.ClH
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Chemical Name:
Gemcitabine hydrochloride
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Synonyms:
Cytidine,2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluoro-,hydrochloride (1:1);Cytidine,2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluoro-,monohydrochloride;LY 188011 hydrochloride;Gemcitabine hydrochloride;Gemzar;Gemsar;Gemcitera;GEMORAL;2′-Deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine monohydrochloride
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CAS No:
Description
Suitable for the treatment of inoperable advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer and the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, the treatment of intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer and Other solid tumors.
Gemcitabine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis.
Gemcitabine hydrochloride Basic Attributes
299.66
299.048431
1308068-626-2
U347PV74IL
DTXSID3047849
C961
2934999090
Characteristics
108
0.09460
White crystalline granular, odorless
287-292 °C
482.7ºC at 760 mmHg
245.7ºC
H2O: ≥10mg/mL
Desiccate at +4°C
2.41E-11mmHg at 25°C
D +48°; 365 +257.9° (c = 1.0 in deuterated water)
Safety Information
NONH for all modes of transport
21-36/38-46-62-63
25-26-36/37-53
HA3840000
Xn,Xi
P201-P280-P308 + P313
H360
|Danger|H302 (11.67%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P264, P270, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 60 companies from 15 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Drug Information
Drug: Gemcitabinehydrochloride|Drug: Gemcitabine-cisplatin|Drug: Gemcitabine-oxaliplatin
Antimetabolites that are useful in cancer chemotherapy. (See all compounds classified as Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic.)|Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. (See all compounds classified as Enzyme Inhibitors.)|Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly. (See all compounds classified as Antiviral Agents.)|Drugs used to potentiate the effectiveness of radiation therapy in destroying unwanted cells. (See all compounds classified as Radiation-Sensitizing Agents.)|Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging. (See all compounds classified as Immunosuppressive Agents.)
2',2'-DFDC
Gemcitabine hydrochloride Use and Manufacturing
An antineoplastic. Suitable for the treatment of inoperable advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer and the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, the treatment of intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer and Other solid tumors.
Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients
Computed Properties
Molecular Weight:299.66
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:6
Rotatable Bond Count:2
Exact Mass:299.0484399
Monoisotopic Mass:299.0484399
Topological Polar Surface Area:108
Heavy Atom Count:19
Complexity:426
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:3
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:2
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes
Drug Function and Efficacy
Cell cycle specific antimetabolites mainly act on tumor cells in the DNA synthesis phase (S phase), preventing the progression of G1 phase to S phase; reducing the amount of deoxynucleotides (especially dCTP) by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase, leading to the accumulation of dFdCTP; while inhibiting the activity of deoxycytidine aminoacidase and deoxycytidine deoxygenase, more dFdCMP is converted into active metabolites dFdCDP and dFdCTP. dFdCTP and dCTP competitively bind to enter the DNA chain, insert into the deoxycytidine site and allow guanosine pairing, leading to the cessation of DNA chain synthesis, breakage and cell death.
Registered Holders
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SHILPA PHARMA LIFESCIENCES LTD
Active
United States
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LAURUS LABS LTD
Active
United States
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MSN LABORATORIES PRIVATE LTD
Active
United States
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