1,1-Difluoroethane Safety Data Sheets
SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 8
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 1,1-difluoroethane |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-; Difluoroethane |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Functional fluids (closed systems),Intermediates,Propellants and blowing agents |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Address | Echemi.com |
| Telephone | Echemi.com |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable gases, Category 1A, Flammable gas
Gases under pressure: Liquefied gas
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |   |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H220 Extremely flammable gas H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. |
| Response | P377 Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. P381 In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources. |
| Storage | P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. |
| Disposal | none |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1-difluoroethane | 1,1-difluoroethane | 75-37-6 | 200-866-1 | 100% |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest.
Following skin contact
ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call a doctor or Poison Control Center immediately.
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Inhalation of concentrated gas will cause suffocation. Contact with liquid can damage eyes because of low temperature. Frostbite may result from contact with liquid. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating hydrogen fluoride fumes may form in fire. Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use carbon dioxide, powder, water spray. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove vapour with fine water spray. NEVER direct water jet on liquid.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove vapour with fine water spray. NEVER direct water jet on liquid.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Clean up promptly by sweeping or vacuum.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Use non-sparking handtools. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Separated from incompatible materials. Keep in a well-ventilated room.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Skin protection
Cold-insulating gloves.
Respiratory protection
Use ventilation.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Gaseous. Gas. |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colourless. |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Melting point/freezing point | -117 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | -24.7 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. |
| Flammability | Extremely flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | Flammable limits in air 3.7-18%. |
| Flash point | < -50 deg C (open cup) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 440 °C. Atm. press.:100.9 - 101.7 kPa. |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | 0.263 cP at 50 deg F |
| Solubility | In water, 3.2X10+3 mg/L at 25 deg C |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | log Pow = 1.13. Temperature:25 °C. |
| Vapour pressure | 514 624 Pa. Temperature:25 °C. Remarks:3860 mm Hg. |
| Density and/or relative density | Ca. 0.896. Temperature:25 °C. |
| Relative vapour density | 2.28 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
Decomposes rapidly on heating and on burning. This produces toxic and irritating fumes including hydrogen fluoride and carbon monoxide. Reacts with amines, reducing agents, strong oxidants and epoxides.
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.The gas mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as 1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE, are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Low molecular weight haloalkanes are highly flammable and can react with some metals to form dangerous products. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. The reaction of aluminum with various halogenated hydrocarbons produces a self-sustaining reaction with sufficient heat to melt aluminum pieces, examples of other halogenated hydrocarbons are fluorotrichloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane. The vigor of the reaction appears to be dependent on the combined degree of fluorination and the vapor pressure [Chem. Eng. News 39(27):44(1961)].
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, Powdered metals, Powdered metal salts
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture: Carbon oxides, Hydrogen fluoride
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: Approximate Lethal Dose (ALD) - rat (male) - > 1 500 mg/kg bw. Remarks:Due to technical limitations, this was the maximum feasible dose tested.
- Inhalation: LC50 - rat (male) - > 43.75 % (437500 ppm).
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. The substance may cause effects on the cardiovascular system. This may result in cardiac disorders. Exposure at high levels could cause unconsciousness.
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
On loss of containment this substance can cause suffocation by lowering the oxygen content of the air in confined areas.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Fish - 295.783 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnid - 146.695 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - 168.276 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: EC50 - Pseudomonas putida - > 730 mg/L - 6 h.
12.2 Persistence and degradability
no data available
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 1,1-difluoroethane(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.75(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1,1-difluoroethane can be estimated to be 32(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,1-difluoroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil.
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN1030 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN1030 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN1030 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: 1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a) (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a) (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a) (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 2.1 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 2.1 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 2.1 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: No | IMDG: No | IATA: No |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,1-difluoroethane | 1,1-difluoroethane | 75-37-6 | 200-866-1 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | July 15, 2019 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | July 15, 2019 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Turn leaking cylinder with the leak up to prevent escape of gas in liquid state.Check oxygen content before entering the area.
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.
1,1-Difluoroethane is included in Propellant category.
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