4-Din1itroph1eno0l Safety Data Sheets

Acute toxicity - Category 3, Oral

Acute toxicity - Category 3, Dermal

Acute toxicity - Category 3, Inhalation

Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

If inhaled

Following skin contact

Following eye contact

Following ingestion

Dust: poisonous if inhaled or if skin is exposed. solid: poisonous if swallowed. (uscg, 1999)

Combustible. May explode if subjected to heat or flame. POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED WHEN HEATED. Vapors are toxic. Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement. (USCG, 1999)

Use water in large amounts. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not allow to dry out. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder. Store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not allow to dry out. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder. Store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Wet spilled material with water. Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. Keep dinitrophenol out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection of your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Do NOT expose to friction or shock. Use non-sparking handtools. Prevent deposition of dust. Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Fireproof. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Cool. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs./Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. Dinitrophenol

Occupational Exposure limit values

Biological limit values

Eye/face protection

Skin protection

Respiratory protection

Thermal hazards

May decompose explosively on shock, friction or concussion. May explode on heating. Mixtures with alkalis, ammonia and most metals are shock-sensitive. Decomposes on heating. This produces toxic gases including nitrogen oxides. See Notes.

Appear to be stable in acid solution, but are susceptible to decomposition by UV radiation in alkaline solutions. Dintrophenols

The flammability of the solution depends on the nature of the solvent. Dintrophenol is combustible though it may require some effort to ignite. /Dinitrophenol solutions/Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.2,4-DINITROPHENOL may explode if subjected to heat or flame. May explode if allowed to dry out. Forms explosive salts with alkalis and ammonia. Incompatible with heavy metals and their compounds. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts with combustibles. (NTP, 1992)

no data available

Contact with reducing agents, combustibles may cause fire and explosions. Forms shock-sensitive explosive salts with ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. May accumulate static electrical charges /which/ may cause ignition of its vapors.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitroxides/.

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 - rat - 30 mg/kg.
• Inhalation: LCLo - dog - 300 mg/m^3.
• Dermal: LD0 - guinea pig - ca. 100 - 200 mg/kg.

Skin corrosion/irritation

Serious eye damage/irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

STOT-single exposure

STOT-repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

• Toxicity to fish: LC50 - several types standard (OECD) fresh water fish - 390 µg/L - 96 h.
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 4 390 µg/L - 48 h.
• Toxicity to algae: EC50 - several types of green algae - 10 900 µg/L - 96 h.
• Toxicity to microorganisms: NOEC - activated sludge respiring on syntetic sewage - 4 ppm - 6.5 h.

AEROBIC: 2,4-Dinitrophenol, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). It is reported that nitrophenols can inhibit aerobic microbial growth by uncoupling the metabolic process of oxidative phosphorylation(2). Static incubation of 5 and 10 mg/L of 2,4-dinitrophenol seeded with settled domestic wastewater resulted in 60 and 68% degradation, respectively, in 7 days(3). Oxygen uptake by mixed cultures of phenol adapted microorganisms suggests that 2,4-dinitrophenol was slowly degraded under aerobic conditions(4-5). Possible biotransformation processes of 2,4-dinitrophenol are: reduction of the nitro group, hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and displacement of the nitro group by a hydroxy group(6). A pure culture of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum was found to reduce 2,4-dinitrophenol to 2-amino-4-nitrophenol and 4-amino-2-nitrophenol(6). Nitrite release has been observed during the metabolism of 2,4-dinitrophenol by pure cultures of Nocardia alba, Arthrobacter and Corynebacterium simplex(6). The biodegradation half-life of 2,4-dinitrophenol in an acidic soil was reported as 32.1 days and the biodegradation half-life in a basic soil was reported as 4.6 days(7). The half-life for 2,4-dinitrophenol was measured in field studies to be 3-263 days at an application rate of 1.5 kg/ha, however degradation was not specified as abiotic or biodegradation(8).

BCF values of <0.4-0.7 and <3.7 were measured in carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed over a 6 week incubation period at 2,4-dinitrophenol concentrations of 50 and 5 ug/L, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCFs suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

2,4-Dinitrophenol has a measured Koc of 13.5 in alluvial sandy loam (7.8% clay, 30% silt, 62.2% sand, 1.1% organic matter, pH 8.1)(1). 2,4-Dinitrophenol also has a measured Koc of 16.6(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that 2,4-dinitrophenol is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of 2,4-dinitrophenol is 4.09(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). This can be seen in the measured Koc values(SRC).

no data available

Product

Contaminated packaging

no data available

no data available

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Other Information

Use all available methods for reducing body temperature.Because of its explosive properties, the compound is used in the form of a water paste.UN 0076 applies to the dry compound or wetted with less than 15% water (Hazard class 1, Subsidiary Risks 6.1). UN 1320 applies to compound wetted with no less than 15% waterCAS 25550-58-7 applies to unspecified isomers of dinitrophenol.