Diquat dibromide Safety Data Sheets

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

Skin irritation, Category 2

Eye irritation, Category 2

Skin sensitization, Category 1

Acute toxicity - Category 2, Inhalation

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3

Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

If inhaled

Following skin contact

Following eye contact

Following ingestion

INHALATION: No appreciable vapor pressure. Prolonged contact with spray or mist may cause oral and nasal irritation. EYES: Irritation. SKIN: Irritation. INGESTION: Vomiting, diarrhea, general malaise. Possible kidney and liver damage, dyspnea, and pulmonary edema. With large doses there may be tremors or convulsions. OTHER: May be fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. (USCG, 1999)

Behavior in Fire: Decomposes at high temperature, charring rather than melting or boiling. (USCG, 1999)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

In case of land spill absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.

Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Well closed. Separated from food and feedstuffs.IT IS GENERALLY NOT ADVISABLE TO STORE UNDILUTED DIQUAT IN CONTACT WITH METALS; UNDILUTED MATERIAL IS BEST KEPT IN ORIGINAL CONTAINER.

Occupational Exposure limit values

Biological limit values

Eye/face protection

Skin protection

Respiratory protection

Thermal hazards

Decomposes at 335°C. This produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and hydrogen bromide.

Under normal storage conditions, in original containers, shelf life is indefinitely long; dry chem sensitive to UV light.

Diquat does not burn or burns with difficulty.DIQUAT is light sensitive. This compound can corrode aluminum and other metals. (NTP, 1992) Quaternary ammonium salts often serve as catalysts in reactions. They are incompatible with many strong oxidizers and reducing agents, such as metal hydrides, alkali/active metals, and organometallics. Unlike the ammonium ion, [NH4]+, and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution.

no data available

Alkalis, UV light, basic solutions [Note: Concentrated diquat solutions corrode aluminum].

When heated to decomposition, diquat dibromide emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides and hydrogen bromide/.

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 Cow oral 30 mg/kg
• Inhalation: no data available
• Dermal: LD50 Rabbit percutaneous >750 mg/kg

Skin corrosion/irritation

Serious eye damage/irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

STOT-single exposure

STOT-repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

• Toxicity to fish: LC50 Pimephales promelas 14000 mg/l 96-hr
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
• Toxicity to algae: no data available
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

Diquat dibromide is listed as being a chemical which is unlikely to be removed during biological sewage treatment, even after prolonged exposure of the microorganisms(1). However microorganisms are capable of degrading diquat dibromide(2) and biodegradation occurs in various sediment-water systems as is evidenced by the cumulative production of CO2 in these systems(3); the rate of degradation is very slow. After 65 days, only 0.88 and 0.21% of the diquat dromide was converted to CO2 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using water and sediment from a eutrophic lake and negligible using water and sediment from an oligotrophic lake(3). Diquat dibromide adsorbed on the internal faces of montmorillonite clay in aqueous soil-nutrient solution was not degraded by microorganisms over a one year period(4). When adsorbed in the interlayer spacings of the clay, the compound probably persists indefinitely in its original form, although in a biologically inactive state(4).

A BCF range of <0.6 to 1.4 was measured for diquat dibromide(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). No bioaccumulation in fish was reported using a microcosm(3). No residues were detected in organs or tissues of channel catfish collected from pools 5 months after a single application or 2 months after a second treatment of 1 ppm diquat(4).

Diquat dirbomide exhibits strong adsorption to soils(1). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(2), the Koc for diquat dibromide can be estimated to be 2,000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that diquat dibromide is expected to have slight mobility in soil. The Rf value, from thin-layer chromatography on soil plates, for this compound falls in the range of 0-0.09, which indicates no mobility(4). Diquat dibromide is an organic divalent cation(5) and cations generally adsorb to organic carbon and clay more strongly than their neutral counterparts(6).

no data available

Product

Contaminated packaging

no data available

no data available

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Other Information

The toxicological information is the same for diquat dibromide monohydrate (CAS 6385-62-2) and diquat (CAS 2764-72-9).Do NOT take working clothes home.Carrier solvents used in commercial formulations may change physical and toxicological properties.If the substance is formulated with solvents also consult the ICSCs of these materials.