Hydroquinone Safety Data Sheets
SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 8
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | Hydroquinone |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | 1,4-benzenediol; 1,4-dihydroxyanthron; 1,4-Benzenediol,1,4-Dihydroxybenzene,HQ |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Hydroquinone is used as a developing agent in black-and-white photography, lithography, and x-ray films. It is also used as an intermediate to produce antioxidants for rubber and food. It is added to a number of industrial monomers to inhibit polymerization during shipping, storage, and processing. |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Address | Echemi.com |
| Telephone | Echemi.com |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 2
Carcinogenicity, Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |     |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H302 Harmful if swallowed H318 Causes serious eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects H351 Suspected of causing cancer H400 Very toxic to aquatic life |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/... P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help. P330 Rinse mouth. P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P317 Get medical help. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help. P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P391 Collect spillage. |
| Storage | P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroquinone | Hydroquinone | 123-31-9 | 204-617-8 | 100% |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
This material is very toxic; the probable oral lethal dose for humans is 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 150 lb. person. It is irritating but not corrosive. Fatal human doses have ranged from 5-12 grams, but 300-500 mg have been ingested daily for 3-5 months without ill effects. Death is apparently initiated by respiratory failure or anoxia. (EPA, 1998)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Aniline and related compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Suitable extinguishing media
To fight fire, use water, carbon dioxide, dry chem .
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Dust cloud may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. It can react with oxidizing materials and is rapidly oxidized in the presence of alkaline materials. Oxidizes in air. (EPA, 1998)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Environmental Considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames. Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent deposition of dust. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from strong bases and food and feedstuffs.Keep well closed and protected from light.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: 1 mg/m3, as TWA; (SEN); A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans).MAK: skin absorption (H); sensitization of skin (SH); carcinogen category: 2; germ cell mutagen group: 3A
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear safety goggles.
Skin protection
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Use local exhaust or breathing protection.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Solid. Crystalline. |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colorless, light-tan, light-gray, white. |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Melting point/freezing point | 172.3 °C. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 287 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. Remarks:No atm. pressure cited. Standard conditions assumed. |
| Flammability | Combustible Solid; dust cloud may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 165 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 515 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | Partially miscible with water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | log Pow = 0.59. |
| Vapour pressure | 0 hPa. Temperature:25 °C. Remarks:Converted from 0.000024 mm Hg. |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.33 g/cm³. Temperature:15 °C. |
| Relative vapour density | 3.81 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
Reacts violently with sodium hydroxide.
10.2 Chemical stability
Its solution becomes brown in air due to oxidation.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
Fire hazard: slight, when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.HYDROQUINONE is a slight explosion hazard when exposed to heat. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Also incompatible with bases. It reacts with oxygen and sodium hydroxide. Reacts with ferric salts (NTP, 1992). Hot and/or concentrated NaOH can cause hydroquinone to decompose exothermically at elevated temperature. (NFPA Pub. 491M, 1975, 385)
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizers, alkalis.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
no data available
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 320 mg/kg
- Inhalation: LC0 - rat (female) - >= 2 800 mg/m³ air (nominal).
- Dermal: LD50 - rabbit (male/female) - > 2 000 mg/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of hydroquinone. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of hydroquinone. Overall evaluation: Hydroquinone is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Reproductive toxicity
No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of hydroquinone in humans. A slight reduction in maternal body weight gain, decreased fetal weight, increased resorption rate, and reduced fertility in males have been observed in rats orally exposed to hydroquinone via gavage or in the diet. Exposure of rabbits to hydroquinone via gavage produced negligible developmental alterations.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is severely irritating to the eyes. The substance is irritating to the skin and respiratory tract.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the eyes and skin. This may result in discolouration of the conjunctiva and cornea and skin depigmentation. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air will not or will only very slowly be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri) - 0.638 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 0.134 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) - 0.33 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: IC50 - activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage - 71 mg/L - 2 h. Remarks:Respiration rate.
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: Hydroquinone at a concentration of 0.05 mg/L underwent 7.5% removal in 5 days when inoculated with an activated sludge seed(1,2). Sewage sludge activated to phenol was found to oxidize hydroquinone(3,4). Pure culture oxidation of hydroquinone produced 1,4-benzoquinone, 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone and beta-ketoadipic acid(5). In a screening study using a sewage seed, hydroquinone had a 5 day theoretical BOD of 25.3%(6). Hydroquinone at an initial concentration of 200 mg/L COD underwent 54.2% removal (less than 120 hours) using a thickened adapted activated sludge under aerobic conditions(7). Activated sludges adapted to aniline, phenol or m-cresol were found to biodegrade hydroquinone under aerobic conditions(8). It was listed as undergoing rapid biodegradation in a commercial activated sludge unit under aerobic conditions(9).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for hydroquinone(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.59(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A bioaccumulation factor of 40 was measured using Golden ide fish (Leuciscus idus melanotus) exposed for 3 days to 0.05 mg/L hydroquinone(4,5). Experimental 24-hour bioaccumulation factors in alga were 40 and 65 for hydroquinone(4-6).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of hydroquinone is estimated as 240(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that hydroquinone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Hydroquinone can exhibit chemisorption to transition metal-containing particulate matter via reaction with the copper oxide/silca surfaces present(3).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 9 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 9 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 9 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: III (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: III (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: Yes | IMDG: Yes | IATA: Yes |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroquinone | Hydroquinone | 123-31-9 | 204-617-8 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | July 15, 2019 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | July 15, 2019 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.No odour warning if toxic concentrations are present.
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.
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