Bronchopneumonia, also known as lobular pneumonia, is the most common pneumonia in children. The incidence of pneumonia in children in developing countries is significantly higher than that in developed countries, and the case fatality rate and mortality rate are higher than those in developed countries. Similar to other developing countries, pneumonia in children is a serious disease that threatens the health of children in my country, ranking first in both incidence and mortality. In my country, pneumonia accounts for 24.5% to 65.2% of pediatric hospitalizations; among the 1.05 million deaths of children under the age of 5 each year, 300,000 die from pneumonia, making it the leading cause of death for children in this age group. According to pediatric statistics from 16 domestic units, bronchopneumonia accounted for 93.7% of the 22,504 cases of pneumonia hospitalization, and is more common in infants and young children. Pneumonia often occurs in winter and spring and when the climate changes suddenly. In some southern China, the disease is more common in summer. Pneumonia is more likely to occur in crowded indoor living, poor ventilation, polluted air, and more pathogenic microorganisms. Bronchopneumonia can be caused by bacteria or viruses. According to the changes in pathological morphology, it is divided into general bronchopneumonia and interstitial bronchopneumonia. The former is mostly caused by bacteria, while the latter is mainly caused by viruses. Clinically, it is often diagnosed as bronchopneumonia.