Nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is abbreviated as NS. It refers to a group of syndromes caused by various causes, mainly characterized by glomerular lesions such as increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane and decreased glomerular filtration rate. It has four major clinical characteristics: ① massive proteinuria, exceeding 3.5g/d, and lipiduria; ② hypoalbuminemia, serum albumin less than 30g/L; ③ hyperlipidemia; ④ edema. According to different causes and pathologies, this syndrome is divided into three categories: primary nephrotic syndrome, congenital nephrotic syndrome, and secondary nephrotic syndrome.
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