Triamcinolone

This product is a glucocorticoid drug. 1 Effect on immune organs: Glucocorticoids can reduce the weight and volume of the thymus, lymph nodes and spleen, and rapidly reduce the number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow. 2 Effect on the distribution of lymphocytes: After hydrocortisone was applied to mice, T cells migrated to the bone marrow. In the clinic, lymphocyte redistribution after medication can also be seen, and mononuclear macrophages in inflammatory exudates are significantly reduced, mainly because glucocorticoids inhibit their migration, not because of cell lysis. 3 Effect on cellular immunity: Glucocorticoids inhibit the proliferation response of T lymphocytes to mitogens ConA, PHA and antigens, and can also inhibit allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions. Glucocorticoids inhibit Tc cell activation and inhibit their cytotoxic effects. 4 Effect on humoral immunity: Corticosteroids have a significant inhibitory effect on the production of antibodies in sensitive animals, but the effect on human antibody levels is inconsistent, and the inhibition of IgG and IgA is stronger than IgM. It has been reported that asthma patients have increased serum IgE levels after the end of corticosteroid treatment. 5 Effect on macrophages: Macrophages are most sensitive to glucocorticoids. The concentration that inhibits macrophage chemotaxis is only 1/30 of that that inhibits neutrophils, and the bactericidal ability of macrophages is weakened. The production of cytokines produced by monocytes, such as interleukin 1 (IL-1) and plasminogen activator, can be inhibited by glucocorticoids. 6 Anti-inflammatory effect: The powerful anti-inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids may be the result of a combination of factors: (1) inhibiting the production of prostaglandins by arachidonic acid metabolism and inhibiting the synthesis of leukotrienes; (2) increasing vascular tension and reducing capillary permeability; (3) inhibiting the accumulation of phagocytes at the site of inflammation, and inhibiting their function of processing antigens and producing IL-1; (4) interfering with complement activation and reducing the production of inflammatory mediators; (5) stabilizing lysosomal membranes and preventing the release of lysosomal enzymes; (6) inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and secretion, delaying granulation tissue formation and wound healing time.