Pituitary adenoma is a benign adenoma, which is quite common, with 1 case in 100,000 people. In recent years, there has been an increasing trend, especially in women of childbearing age. Beijing Neurosurgery Institute reported that pituitary adenoma accounts for 12.2% of intracranial tumors. The pituitary gland is located in the sella fossa at the base of the skull. The upper part is the sella septum, which separates the optic chiasm and the bottom of the third ventricle, and the lower part is the sphenoid sinus. The pituitary stalk passes through the sella septum, connecting the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. The pituitary stalk is composed of blood vessels and nerves. The pituitary gland is flanked by venous cavernous sinuses, through which the internal carotid artery, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, abducens nerve and the first junction of the trigeminal nerve pass.