Superior mesenteric artery embolism refers to various emboli that fall off from other places and circulate in the blood to the superior mesenteric artery and remain at its end, resulting in obstruction of blood supply to the artery and acute ischemic necrosis of the blood supplying intestine. The main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery has a large caliber and is at an oblique angle to the abdominal aorta, making it easy for emboli to enter. Therefore, this disease is more common clinically, accounting for about 40% to 50% of acute mesenteric vascular ischemia. Emboli generally come from mural thrombi of the heart, so they are more common in patients with rheumatic heart disease, coronary heart disease, infective endocarditis and recent myocardial infarction. In addition, emboli come from atherosclerotic plaques and occasional bacterial emboli. These emboli fall off spontaneously or during catheter examination.