Azithromycin is a 15-membered macrolide antibiotic that has antibacterial effects on a variety of Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, sexually transmitted disease microorganisms and other microorganisms. Its mechanism of action is the same as that of erythromycin, mainly binding to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibiting RNA-dependent protein synthesis.

It has central and peripheral antitussive effects, and its antitussive effect is about 1/3 of that of codeine. In addition to having a direct inhibitory effect on the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata, it also has a mild atropine-like effect. It can relax spasmodic bronchial smooth muscles and reduce airway resistance.

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