SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 9
Version: 1.0
Creation Date: July 15, 2019
Revision Date: July 15, 2019
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1GHS Product identifier
| Product name | N,N-dimethylformamide |
1.2Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
| Other names | N,N-dimethyl-malonamic acid ethyl ester; N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE; Formamide, N,N-dimethyl- |
1.3Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Industrial and scientific research use. |
| Uses advised against | no data available |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Dermal
Eye irritation, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Inhalation
Reproductive toxicity, Category 1B
2.2GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |   |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H312 Harmful in contact with skin H319 Causes serious eye irritation H332 Harmful if inhaled |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| Prevention | P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/... P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. |
| Response | P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P317 Get medical help. P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. |
| Storage | P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3Other hazards which do not result in classification
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
| N,N-dimethylformamide | N,N-dimethylformamide | 68-12-2 | 200-679-5 | 100% |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
4.2Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Irritation of eyes, skin and nose. May cause nausea. (USCG, 1999)
4.3Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Organic acids and related compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1Suitable extinguishing media
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
5.2Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapors are irritating (USCG, 1999)
5.3Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.2Environmental precautions
Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. NO contact with oxidizing agents. Above 58°C use a closed system and ventilation. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Handle and store under inert gas.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: 5 ppm as TWA; (skin); A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans); BEI issued.MAK: 15 mg/m3, 5 ppm; peak limitation category: II(2); skin absorption (H); carcinogen category: 4; pregnancy risk group: B.EU-OEL: 15 mg/m3, 5 ppm as TWA; 30 mg/m3, 10 ppm as STEL; (skin)
Biological limit values
8.2Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Skin protection
Barrier cream. Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
Thermal hazards
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Liquid. |
| Colour | Colourless. |
| Odour | Fishy odor |
| Melting point/freezing point | -61.4 - -61 °C. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 152 - 153 °C. Atm. press.:1 013 hPa. |
| Flammability | Class II Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 100°F and below 140°F. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 2.2% by volume at 212 deg F (100 deg C); Upper flammable limit: 15.2% by volume |
| Flash point | 57.5 °C. Atm. press.:1 013.25 hPa. |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 435 °C. Atm. press.:1 013.25 hPa. |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | pH = 6.7 (0.5 molar solution in water) |
| Kinematic viscosity | dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.79 - 0.805. Temperature:25.0°C. |
| Solubility | Miscible with water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | log Pow = -1.01. |
| Vapour pressure | 3.08 hPa. Temperature:20 °C. |
| Density and/or relative density | 0.94 - 0.95. Temperature:20 °C. |
| Relative vapour density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1Reactivity
Decomposes on heating. This produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides. Reacts violently with strong oxidants, halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons and nitrates. Attacks some plastics and rubber.
10.2Chemical stability
DMF is stable. It is hygroscopic and easily absorbs water form a humid atmosphere and should therefore be kept under dry nitrogen. High purity DMF, required for acrylic fibers, is best stored in aluminum tanks. DMF dose not change under light or oxygen and does not polymerize spontaneously. Temperatures >350 deg C may cause decomposition to form dimethylamine and carbon dioxide, with pressure developing in closed containers.
10.3Possibility of hazardous reactions
CombustibleN,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE may react violently with a broad range of chemicals, e.g.: alkaline metals (sodium, potassium), azides, hydrides (sodium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride), bromine, chlorine, carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorocyclohexane, phosphorus pentaoxide, triethylaluminum, magnesium nitrate, organic nitrates. Forms explosive mixtures with lithium azide [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 453]. Oxidation by chromium trioxide or potassium permanganate may lead to explosion [Pal B. C. et al., Chem. Eng. News, 1981, 59, p. 47].
10.4Conditions to avoid
10.5Incompatible materials
Can react vigorously with oxidizing agents, halogenated hydrocarbons, & inorg nitrates.
10.6Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 - rat (male/female) - 3 010 mg/kg bw. Remarks:Conversion in mg/kg is based on the density: d= 0.94 g/cm³.
- Inhalation: LC50 - rat (male/female) - > 5.85 mg/L air.
- Dermal: lethal dose - rat (male/female) - > 3 160 mg/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
Serious eye damage/irritation
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Germ cell mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of dimethylformamide. There is evidence suggesting the lack of carcinogenicity of dimethylformamide in experimental animals. Overall evaluation: Dimethylformamide is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans (Group 3).
Reproductive toxicity
Only one study is available on the reproductive effects of dimethylformamide in humans. This study reported an increased rate of spontaneous abortion among pregnant women occupationally exposed to dimethylformamide. However, these results cannot be attributed solely to dimethylformamide, as these women were exposed to a number of additional chemicals. Dimethylformamide is embryotoxic in animals; reduced implantation efficiency, decreased mean fetal weight, and increased abortions have been reported in rats exposed by inhalation. In rabbits exposed to dimethylformamide by gavage (experimentally placing the chemical in the stomach), decreased mean fetal weight and increased percentage of malformed live fetuses per litter and increased percentage of litters with malformed fetuses were observed in the high-dose group.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the liver. This may result in tissue lesions. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated. See Notes. If swallowed the substance easily enters the airways and could result in aspiration pneumonitis.
STOT-repeated exposure
The substance may have effects on the liver. This may result in impaired functions. Tumours have been detected in experimental animals but may not be relevant to humans. Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxic effects upon human reproduction.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Lepomis macrochirus - 7 100 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 13 100 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) - > 1 000 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: EC50 - Vibrio fisheri - 12 300 - 17 500 mg/L - 5 min.
12.2Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: Aerobic unacclimated and acclimated river die-away tests showed that N,N-dimethylformamide at an initial concentration of 30 mg/L completely disappeared within 6 and 3 days, respectively(1). However, 24 to 48 hours was required before any degradation was observed among unacclimated samples(1). N,N-Dimethylformamide, present at 100 mg/L, reached 4.4% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(2). Aerobic grab sample data for N,N-dimethylformamide in sea water showed a mineralization rate of <3% in 24 hours for initial concentration of 10 ug/L and 100 ug/L(3). However, 20% of N,N-dimethylformamide at a concentration of 0.1 ug/L was mineralized in 24 hrs(3). All samples were adjusted to sterilized controls(3). Aqueous screening test data demonstrated that dimethylformamide was easily removed by sewage treatment facilities upon acclimation(4). Wastewater from a polyimide synthesis operation at Kansas City, MO contained N,N-dimethylformamide at a concentration of 65,500 mg/L before entering a bench scale biological treatment system(5). At feed rates of 90 lb/day/1000 cu ft, effluent from the biological reactor contained N,N-dimethylformamide at a concentration of <10 mg/L(5). The concentration of N,N-dimethylformamide in the reactor sludge was not documented(5).
12.3Bioaccumulative potential
BCFs of 0.3-1.2 and 0.3-0.8 were reported in carp (Cyprinus carpio) when exposed to 2 and 20 ppm of N,N-dimethylformamide over a 2-week period, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCFs suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4Mobility in soil
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of N,N-dimethylformamide can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that N,N-dimethylformamide is expected to have very high mobility in soil.
12.5Other adverse effects
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN2265 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN2265 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN2265 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 3 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: III (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: III (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: No | IMDG: No | IATA: No |
14.6Special precautions for user
14.7Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
| N,N-dimethylformamide | N,N-dimethylformamide | 68-12-2 | 200-679-5 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. |
| EC Inventory | Listed. |
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. |
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. |
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. |
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. |
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. |
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. |
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. |
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | July 15, 2019 |
| Revision Date | July 15, 2019 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
| Items | Specifications |
| Appearance | Transparent liquid, no visible impurities |
| Purity,% ≥ | 99.9 |
| Methanol,% ≤ | 0.001 |
| Chromaticity（in Hazen) (Pt-Co) ≤ | 5 |
| Density (g/ml) | 0.94-0.95 |
| Moisture % ≤ | 0.05 |
Acidity(as formic acid),% ≤ | 0.001 |
Alkalinity(as dimethylamine) % ≤ | 0.001 |
PH value (25℃，20% aqueous solution) | 6.5-8.0 |
| | 2.0 |
ECHEMI Editorial Reference
N,N-Dimethylformamide is a colorless or slightly yellow liquid with a boiling point of 153°C and a vapor pressure of 380 Pa at 20°C. It is freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohols, acetone and benzene. N,N-Dimethylformamide is used as solvent, catalyst and gas absorbent. React violently with concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid and can even explode. Pure Dimethylformamide is odorless, but industrial grade or modified Dimethylformamide has a fishy smell because it contains impur
Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this acronym is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Dimethylformamide is odorless whereas technical grade or degraded samples often have a fishy smell due to impurity of dimethylamine. As its name indicates, it is a derivative of formamide, the amide of formic acid. DMF is a polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent with a high boiling point. It facilitates reactions that follow polar mechanisms, such as SN2 reactions.
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